初中英語人教版-現(xiàn)在完成時專題

1、現(xiàn)在完成時講解與鞏固練習(xí)一：定義（ 1）過去已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成了影響（ 2）動作開始于過去，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在二： 基本結(jié)構(gòu)have/has doneHave/has為助動詞，幫助動詞實現(xiàn)完成時。變否定句為haven' t/ hasn變疑問何時將have/has提前。例題 1. They have finished their task.否： They haven t finished their task.三：標(biāo)志詞1.already, yet, just例題： Have you handed in your homework yet?I have already handed i

2、n my homework.I haven t handed in my homework yet.Did you see my book that I ve just put here?【歸納】already意思為已經(jīng)，放句中，用于肯定句yet意思為已經(jīng)，放旬末，用于否定和疑問句Just意思為剛剛，表示剛剛才完成的動作鞏固練習(xí))1.Have you finished your homeworkNot(A)ever (B)already(C)yet(D)just)2. We haven't finished our homework(A)already (B)ever(C)yet(D)

3、never)3.Have youfinished your homeworkYes,I've donethat(A)yet,already(B)already, yet(C)ever,never(D)still,just)4.John's fatherborrowed some pictures(A)have already (B)has just (C)have ever(D)has yet5.I have already told him the bad news.為否定句)told him the bad news2.never（從未有過）與ever （曾經(jīng)有過）常與以下

4、三個短語一起考察：Have been to去過.表示已經(jīng)回來Have gone to去了表示還未回來，可用于回答 where is sb?勺問句Have been in待在.例旬：I have never seen a better one.Have you ever been to Beijing?【鞏固練習(xí)】()1.Have you travelled on the train.Yes, I have.(A)never (B)ever(C)just(D)yet()2.Have you learned English?Yes, I've learned a lot.(A)never,

5、ever (B)ever,never (C)ever,already (D)already.ever()3.Where is your father?He America for business.A. have been to B.has been toB. has gone to D.has been in1.1 have been to Macau before改為否定句)I been to Macau before.4 .by now=so far至U目前為止例句;By now, thousands of people have died because of NCP.5 .for+時

6、間段Since+ （過去）時間點、句子（一般過去時）、時間段+ago例題： I have been in Chongqing for 10 years.1 have been in Chongqing since 10 years ago.I have been in Chongqing since I came here.I have been in Chongqing since 2010.【歸納】1. 過去的具體年，月，日，季節(jié)等都是時間點。2. Since意思為自從，和for可以同義句轉(zhuǎn)換3. 在有for和since的現(xiàn)在完成時句子里，必須用延續(xù)性動詞4. 只有 have been i

7、n能與 for和since連用5. for 和 since 用 how long 提問6. How long 只能提問延續(xù)性動詞【拓展】短暫性動詞變延續(xù)性動詞 arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw.fbe in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there come/go back, return f beomekgo out f be out become f be close f be closeopen f be open get up f be udie f be

8、 deadleave sw. f be away from sw.fall asleep/get tot sleepf be asleepfinish/end f be overarry f be married start/begin to do sth.f do begin f be on borrow f keep lose f not have buy f haveput on f weartch/get a cold f have a coget to knowf know have/has gone to f have been in join the league/the Par

9、ty/the armyfbe a league/a Party member/a soldierfbe a member of the league/the Partyfbe in the league/the Party/the army例題：My cat died ten years ago.舊義句轉(zhuǎn)換）My cat has been dead for ten years/since ten years ago.【鞏固練習(xí)】.用since和for填空1. He has lived in Nanjing the year before last.2. I ' ve known him

10、 we were children.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese three years.4. She has been away from the city about ten years.5. It ' s about ten years she left the city.單選()1.-have you been here?Since last year(A)How far (B)How long(C)How often(D)How soon()2.has Hanmei been in the library.(A)How long (B

11、)How soon (C)How far (D)How often( )3.How long he the library book .(A) has,borrow (B)has,kept (C)has,bought (D)did,buy()4. I haven't heard from him last week.(A)since (B) for(C)ago (D)before)5.His father joinedthe party(A)for three years(B)since three years ago(C)three years ago(D)in two years&

12、#39; time)6.Our Enghish teacherinour school since heto China.(A)has taught . come(B)taught, come(C)has taught,has . come(D)teaches,has come.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. I bought a new bike just now.川 just 改寫）I just a new bike.2. We began to learn English three years ag改為同義句） We English three years3. He has lived here sin

13、ce 1999就戈U線部分提問） he here?4. My father got there two days ago.（同義句） My father for two days.5. Mr. Li began to teach English in this school in 1999.（同義句） Mr. Li English in this school since 1999.6. The factory opened ten years ago（同義句）The factory for ten years.John left Beijing three years ago.（同義句）Jo

14、hn Beijing three years.6.1 n recent+基數(shù)詞 +years=in the past + 基數(shù)詞 +years例旬：In recent 5 years, I have always been in Chongqing.【歸納】這兩個標(biāo)志詞只能和延續(xù)性動詞搭配四：特殊句型1. ItS 一段時間+ since從旬（用一般過去時）2. 時間段+has passed +since從旬（用一般過去時）五現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時都表示“動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生”，但不同點在于： 現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至?xí)^續(xù)下去或表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影

15、響；一般過去時表示動作發(fā)生的時間在過去。The plane has arrived .飛機已經(jīng)來了。（說明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機在這兒）The plane arrived a quarter ago.飛機是一刻中以前來的。（強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的時間在過去）I have taught here for fifteen years.我在這兒已經(jīng)教了十五年。（表示過去的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會繼續(xù)。）I taught here for a year.我過去在這兒教過一年。（表示 “我 “現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了）When常與與一般過去時連用，How long常與與現(xiàn)在完成時連用When did you com

16、e to Beijing?How long have you been in Beijing?(3)現(xiàn)在完成時不可與表示過去的時間副詞連用，而一般過去時則可以。He has done some washing yesterday.He did some washing yesterday.他昨天洗衣服了?！眷柟叹毩?xí)】()1.Have you finished your homeworkYes, I it last night(A)finish (B)finished(C)have finished(D)will finish)2.：you ever to NanjingYes,Ithere l

17、ast year.(A)Have gone, have gone(B)Have been , went(C)Did go, went(D)Did go,has , been)3.When you Lucy in New York?(A)did meet,haven't seen(C)did meet,don't see( )4.when you(B)did meet,haven't seen(D)would meet,hadn't seen to Beijing?I here for two yearsHow long you here(A)have come

18、, have keen(B)did come , have keen(C)did come , did go(D)did come , have - gone5. Ialready (see) the film. I (see) it last week.6. Where s Li Ming ? He (go) to the teacher s office.7. I (work) here since I (move) here in 1999.8. So far I (make) quite a few friends here.9. - I (see) the film “ Chicke

19、n Run ” .- Where and when you (see) it?- Last week.初中時態(tài)綜合練習(xí)一、單選1 . The total movie ticket sale of the film The Mermaid directed by Stephen Chow 3.6 billion yuan so far .A. has reached B. reaches C. reachedD. will reach2 . I like fish, but I do now, because it can make us more clever.A. don t use to

20、B. used to C. didn t use to D. am used to3 . He is an old Party member. He the Party for twenty years.A. has joinedB. has joined inC. has been inD. has taken part in4 .-We will leave school in about two weeks time. What syour plan for the long holiday?Sorry, I it a thought yet.A. wasn t giving B. do

21、n t give C. won t give D. haven t given5 .There plenty of sheep and cows on my QQ farm now.A.is B. wasC.wereD.are6 .Hold on, please! My father his car in the garden.A.washes B.is washing C.washed D.will wash7 .-Where is your father?-He to Beijing for an important meeting.A.has gone B. has been C.wil

22、l go D.was going8 .-How long can youthis book from the library?-For only two weeks.A.borrow B.lend C.keep D.buy9 .-Where is your brother>- He the film Fast and Furious 7 in the cinema.A.watches B.watch C.is watching D.will watch10 .He often e-books on the phone in the bed at night.A.watches B.rea

23、ds C.sees D.looks11 .stay up too late, Danny. You will have an important test tomorrow.A.Doesn t B.Don t C.Aren t D.Can t12 .There lots of fish in the Jialing River in the past, But the number offish drops greatly now.A.was B.were C.is D.are13 .- It seems that you enjoy the ho-tpot very much.-Yes, I

24、 living in Chongqing now.A.used to B.am used to C.am used for D.used for14.Be careful ! These knives things . Don t play with them .A. used to cut B. are used to cuCt . used to cutting D. are used to cutting15 . - Where s your father ?- He a newspaper in the living room .A. readB. readsC. is reading D. has read16 .-Have you handed in your English homework, Lily? X Kb1 .Co m-Of course. Shirley it back to me at the end of this morning reading.A. had handedB. will hand C. has handed D