（精心整理）否定疑問(wèn)句

1、否定疑問(wèn)句：   否定疑問(wèn)句可以表示說(shuō)話者驚異的情緒、責(zé)難的口吻或贊嘆；也可以表示說(shuō)話者的某種建議、邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求或看法等。請(qǐng)看下列疑問(wèn)句的簡(jiǎn)略否定式：   （be:) Aren't you a student?   難道你不是一個(gè)學(xué)生嗎？    Isn't it hot here ?   這里難道不熱嗎？  （can:) C

2、an't you wait a moment ?   你不能等一會(huì)兒?jiǎn)幔?#160;（have:)Haven't I asked you ?   難道我沒(méi)問(wèn)過(guò)你嗎？ （do:) Don't you want to stay with us ?   你難道不愿意與我們呆在一起嗎？  &#

3、160;（did:)Didn't you see him yesterday ?   難道你昨天沒(méi)看見(jiàn)他嗎？    回答這種問(wèn)題時(shí)用簡(jiǎn)略回答。如果答語(yǔ)是肯定的，就用Yes；如果答語(yǔ)是否定的，就用No。不過(guò)，這種答語(yǔ)的漢語(yǔ)譯法有特殊之處。如：   Don't you know English?   你不懂英語(yǔ)吧？   Yes,I do

4、.   不，我懂。   一般否定疑問(wèn)句有完全式和簡(jiǎn)略式之分，它們的詞序是不同的。   簡(jiǎn)略式：   Isn't she a nurse ?   她不是一位護(hù)士嗎？   完全式：  Is she not a nurse ?   她不是一位護(hù)士嗎？否定疑問(wèn)句主要用于以下場(chǎng)合：

5、期待、請(qǐng)求或希望得到肯定答復(fù)時(shí)：一Dont you remember that holidaY we had in Spain? 您不記得我們?cè)谖靼嘌赖亩燃賳?一Yes, I do. 不，我記得。想要表示驚訝、不相信或夸張時(shí)：一Cant you (really) ride a bicycle? 你(真的)不會(huì)騎自行車(chē)嗎?一No, I cant. 是的，我不會(huì)。想要說(shuō)服某人時(shí)：一Wont you help me? 難道你不會(huì)幫助我嗎? 一On, all right then. / No, lm afraid I cant / wont, etc. 噢，那好吧。/ 是的，恐怕我?guī)筒涣四?/ 不會(huì)幫

6、你，等等。表示批評(píng)或者表示厭煩、挖苦時(shí)：Cant you shut the door behind you? 你不能隨手關(guān)上門(mén)嗎? (不期望得到回答) 在感嘆句中 (用降調(diào))：Didnt he do well! 難道他做得不好嗎!Isnt it hot in here! 難道這里不熱嗎!感嘆句可用作陳述句的答語(yǔ)：一He has been very successful 他干得非常成功。一Yes, hasnt he! 是的，非常成功!否定疑問(wèn)句在口語(yǔ)中的用法歸納表示當(dāng)說(shuō)話人預(yù)期或希望得到肯定回答。如：Havent you finished yet? 你還沒(méi)有結(jié)束嗎? Dont you like

7、my new dress? 你不喜歡我的新衣服嗎? 表示驚訝或不快，通常譯為“難道不”“難道沒(méi)”等。如：Didnt you go and see your mother yesterday? 你難道昨天沒(méi)去看你母親?Dont you see Im busy? 你難道沒(méi)看見(jiàn)我正忙著嗎？Hasnt he got up? Its ten oclock. (難道)他還沒(méi)起床?已經(jīng)十點(diǎn)了。Dont you care what happens to him? 你難道不關(guān)心他出什么事嗎? 表示贊嘆或感慨，其意為“真是”，譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)通常在句末用感嘆號(hào)，句子用降調(diào)。如：Isnt the baby cute? 這

8、寶寶真可愛(ài)! Isnt a lovely day? 今天天氣真好！Hasnt she grown? 她長(zhǎng)得真高了！表示批評(píng)、厭煩、挖苦、責(zé)難等。如：Cant you shut the door behind you? 你不能隨手關(guān)上門(mén)嗎? Cant you walk a little faster? 你不能走快點(diǎn)嗎？Didnt I tell you to come early? 我不是讓你早點(diǎn)來(lái)的嗎？Why havent you told me beforehand? 為什么你事前沒(méi)告訴我？Cant you do anything but ask silly questions? 你別一個(gè)勁地

9、提愚蠢的問(wèn)題好嗎?（你除了提愚蠢的問(wèn)題，難道不會(huì)干點(diǎn)別的?）表示較客氣地提出請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)等。如：Wont you come in for a few minutes? 你可否進(jìn)來(lái)幾分鐘？Dont you think we should try again? 你不覺(jué)得我們應(yīng)該再試試? Why dont you come and spend the weekend with us? 你何不來(lái)和我們共度周末？Wouldnt it be better to play some classic music? 放點(diǎn)古典音樂(lè)是不是更好？一般的否定疑問(wèn)句是會(huì)出現(xiàn)否定詞的，例如，don't,doesn&#

10、39;t,didn't或者是nothing.反意疑問(wèn)句的用法如下，1) 陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I，疑問(wèn)部分要用 aren't I.I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?2) 2) 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是wish，疑問(wèn)部分要用may +主語(yǔ)。I wish to have a word with you, may I?3) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定含義。The Swede made no answer

11、, did he / she?Some plants never blown (開(kāi)花), do they ?4) 含有ought to 的反意疑問(wèn)句，陳述部分是肯定的，疑問(wèn)部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主語(yǔ)。He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?5) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑問(wèn)部分常用don't +主語(yǔ)（didn't +主語(yǔ)）。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don

12、't we?6) 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是used to 時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用didn't +主語(yǔ)或 usedn't +主語(yǔ)。He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?7) 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問(wèn)句部分用hadn't you?You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?8) 陳述部分有would rather +v.，疑問(wèn)部分多用 wouldn't +主語(yǔ)。He would rather read

13、it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?9) 陳述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑問(wèn)部分用wouldn't +主語(yǔ)。You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?10) 陳述部分有must 的疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。He must be a doctor, isn't he?You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?He must h

14、ave finished it yesterday, didn't he?11) 感嘆句中，疑問(wèn)部分用be +主語(yǔ)。What colours, aren't they?What a smell, isn't it?12) 陳述部分由neither nor, either or 連接的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定。Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?13) 陳述部分主語(yǔ)是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問(wèn)部分主語(yǔ)用it。Everything is ready, is

15、n't it?14) 陳述部分為主語(yǔ)從句或并列復(fù)合句，疑問(wèn)部分有三種情況：a. 并列復(fù)合句疑問(wèn)部分，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語(yǔ)而定。Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?b. 帶有定語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句，疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)而定：He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?c

16、. 上述部分主句謂語(yǔ)是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，疑問(wèn)部分與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句。I don't think he is bright, is he?We believe she can do it better, can't she?15) 陳述部分主語(yǔ)是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑問(wèn)部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they，有時(shí)也用單數(shù)he。Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)

17、Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)16) 帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分常用 need (dare ) +主語(yǔ)。We need not do it again, need we ?He dare not say so, dare you?當(dāng)dare, need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用助動(dòng)詞do + 主語(yǔ)。She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?17) 省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分用will you。Don't do that again, will

18、you?Go with me, will you / won't you ?注意： Let's 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用shall we?Let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用will you?Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?18) 陳述部分是"there be"結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問(wèn)部分用there省略主語(yǔ)代詞。There is something wrong with your watch, isn't t

19、here?There will not be any trouble, will there?19) 否定前綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問(wèn)句仍用否定形式。It is impossible, isn't it?He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?20)must在表"推測(cè)"時(shí)，根據(jù)其推測(cè)的情況來(lái)確定反意疑問(wèn)句。He must be there now, isn't he? It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?快速記憶表陳述部分的謂語(yǔ) 疑問(wèn)部分I aren't I Wish may +主語(yǔ)no,nothing,nobody,never,few, seldom, hardly,rarely, little等否定含義的詞 肯定含義ought to（肯定的） shouldn't