（精心整理）陳述句疑問句祈使句感嘆句

1、句子（陳述句，疑問句，感嘆句，祈使句）一、陳述句：是用來陳述一件事情或表示一種看法，可分為肯定句和否定句兩種形式。1、謂語動詞是be動詞,助動詞have, has, will,情態(tài)動詞can等時，只要直接在這些詞后面加not就構(gòu)成否定形式。 eg. Lily has already read this new book. (改為否定句) Lily _ _ this new book _. 2、謂語動詞是行為動詞而又沒有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞時，必須在謂語動詞前加助動詞，一般現(xiàn)在時加助動詞do ，第三人稱單數(shù)加does，一般過去時加did，再和not構(gòu)成否定結(jié)構(gòu)。必須指出的是：don't, d

2、oesn't, didn't后都用動詞原形。 eg.1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改為否定句) Jill _ _ lunch at school every day. 2)The children had a good time at the party. (改為否定句) The children _ _ a good time at the party. 3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改為肯定句) Rose _ _ milk this morning. 二、疑問句：

3、是用來提出問題的句子。A.一般疑問句：以be動詞, have /has/do等助動詞、can/may等情態(tài)動詞開頭，以yes或no來回答的問句。 它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Be/Have /Has/Did等助動詞（包括情態(tài)動詞）主語謂語（包括表語）？回答常用簡略回答。 1、謂語動詞是be動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞時，只要直接把這些詞置于句首，句末改成問號。 eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑問句） _ _ _ wrong with his bike? 2、謂語動詞是行為動詞時，必須在句首加上助動詞Do、Does（三單）、Did（過去式）加上這

4、些助動詞后，句子中謂語動詞必須用原形。 eg. 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑問句） _ Edison _ a science lab himself when he was ten？ 2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑問句） _ those Japanese _ Chinese food? 注意：在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑問句的時候,要注意句中是否有already、some、something、somebody等詞，如果有也必須進行改變，already要改成ye

5、t，some、something、somebody等分別改成any、anything、anybody等。另外，在改成否定句的時候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等.在改成一般疑問句的時候，常常把第一人稱I、we改成第二人稱you。 B.特殊疑問句：以疑問代詞或疑問副詞開頭，提出疑問的句子。 它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：特殊疑問詞一般疑問句語序。但是如果疑問詞在句子中作主語或作主語的定語，就用特殊疑問詞陳述句語序。常用的疑問詞有：what, who(whom), whose,which,when,where,how,why等，回答時針對問句中的代詞和副詞來回答，不

6、用yes或no來回答。 1)對指物名詞或謂語動詞提出疑問，疑問詞用what The twins were making a kite when their mother came in. （劃線提問） _ _ the twins _ when their mother came in? Mrs Turner asked her son to buy some eggs for supper. （劃線提問） _ _ Mrs Turner ask her son _ _? 2)對名詞前定語提出疑問，疑問詞應(yīng)用which，而且必須和名詞連用。 I'm going to take the sh

7、irt on the right.（劃線提問） _ _ are you going to take? 3)對指人名詞或代詞提問用who，作賓語時提問用whom。 eg.Li Ping,they,his father 4)對物主代詞和名詞所有格提問用whose。 eg. Li Ping's coatWhose coat my fatherWhose father 5)對具體時間提出疑問，如 in the morning,last Sunday等，疑問詞用when；對具體幾點鐘提問，疑問詞應(yīng)用what time。 6)對具體地點提出疑問，疑問詞應(yīng)用where。 The pupils are

8、 having a picnic at the foot of the hill. （劃線提問） _ _ the pupils having a picnic? 7)對表原因的從句提問，常見的有because引導(dǎo)的從句，疑問詞應(yīng)用why。 Xiao Cheng didn't go to the farm with us because he was ill. （劃線提問） _ _ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us? 8)對方式或程度等提出疑問，用疑問詞How。 eg. go by bike like very much 9)對數(shù)量提出疑問，疑問詞為Ho

9、w many，要注意how many必須跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 eg. two hundred sheepHow many sheep 10)對價格提出疑問，疑問詞用How much。 eg. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater. _ _ did you pay for the sweater? 11)對時間長度提出疑問，疑問詞應(yīng)用How long。 eg. I've worked in that factory for two years. （劃線提問）_ _ _ you worked in that factory? 12)對時間頻率，如 once a

10、year, twice a week等提問，疑問詞用How often。 13)對具體次數(shù)，如 once, twice, three times等提問，疑問詞用How many times。 eg. _ did he call you the day before yesterday?Twice. A.What time B.How many times C.How much D.How long 14)對in一段時間提問，疑問詞一般用How soon。 eg. Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours. （劃線提問） _ _

11、 _ Jane and her brother finish the work? 15)對距離提出疑問，疑問詞用How far。 eg. It's about two kilometres from here to the country.（劃線提問） _ _ _ _ from here to the country? 16)另外，對日期、星期、天氣等提出疑問，則分別用 What's the date? What day is it ? 如果是過去時間，就用was代替is。 What's the weather like? 練習題 1)She does exercise

12、s at home in the evening.（改成否定句、一般疑問句） She _ _ exercises at home in the evening. _ she _ exercises at home in the evening? 2)He said something important at the meeting.（改為否定句,一般疑問句） He _ _ _ important at the meeting. _ he _ _ important at the meeting? 3)It'll take them three weeks to finish the

13、work.（劃線提問） _ _ _ it take them to finish the work? 4)I have to wash all the plates and things after meals.（劃線提問） _ _ you have to wash all the plates and things? 5)The woman in the red coat is her mother.（劃線提問） _ _ is her mother? 6)Li Ping spent twenty yuan on the dictionary.（劃線提問） _ _ _ Li Ping _ on

14、 the dictionary? 思考題 1)The worker's visited the factory already.（改成否定句、一般疑問句） The worker _ _ the factory _. _ the worker _ the factory _? 2)Both of his parents are workers.（改成否定句） _ of his parents _ a worker. 3)He went to the park with his sister.（劃線提問） _ _ _ he go to the park? 4)We really enjoy

15、ed working on the farm.（劃線提問） What _ you really enjoy _? 5)She writes to her parents once a week.（劃線提問） _ _ _ she write to her parents? 6)Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came.（劃線提問） _ _ _ our P.E teacher been at this school? C.選擇疑問句: 指提問者提供兩種或兩種以上情況,讓對方從中作出選擇的句子。它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：一般疑問句or一般疑問句

16、（后一部分與前一部分相同的成分常常省略）。回答時，不用yes或no回答，而是選擇其中一種回答。 eg. Would you like chicken or beef?回答時用I'd like beef. 填入"or"或"and"： Are they sitting _ standing in the classroom? The students stopped talking _ laughing when the teacher came in. Meimei likes boating. (用swim改成選擇疑問句) _ Meimei _

17、boating _ _? D.反意疑問句： 提出情況和看法來問對方是否同意的句子。它由兩部分構(gòu)成：前一部分是對事物的陳述，后一部分是簡短的附加問句。 1.如果前一部分是肯定形式，后一部分通常用否定形式；如果前一部分是否定形式，后部分通常用肯定形式。 2.兩部分的人稱和時態(tài)必須一致。 3.附加問句的主語應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的代詞，不能用名詞。 4.附加問句動詞的否定應(yīng)用縮略形式。 1)Bill's sister is going to work in Paris next month.（改成反意疑問句） Bill's sister is going to work in Paris next

18、 month,_ _? 2)The Reads don't enjoy living in China.(改成反意疑問句) The Reads don't enjoy living in China,_ _? 注意： 1、對于反意疑問句的回答，不管問題的提法如何，若事實是肯定的，則用yes來回答，事實是否定的，則要用no回答。 eg. Li Lei never goes to school late,does he? 李雷上學從不遲到,是嗎? 不，他遲到。 (事實是遲到的，則用yes回答. Yes,he does.) 是的，從不遲到。 (事實是不遲到，則用no回答. No,he

19、 doesn't.) 2、當陳述部分中含有 no, no one, nobody, nothing, never, little, few, hardly, tooto等否定詞時，附加疑問句部分用肯定形式。 eg.1)His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning. (改為反意疑問句) His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning, _ _? 2)There's nothing wrong with the computer.（改為反意疑問句） There's nothin

20、g wrong with the computer, _ _？ 3、反意問句中要注意到有些詞的縮略形式。 eg. 's既是has也是is的縮略形式。 'd既是would也是had的縮略形式。 eg.He's already finished his homework.(改成反意問句) He's already finished his homework, _ _? He's already a little weak in English.(改成反意疑問句) He's already a little weak in English,_ _? H

21、e's often told to come here.(改成反意疑問句) He's often told to come here, _ _? 4、當陳述部分帶有that從句作賓語時，附加問句的主謂一般應(yīng)與主句保持一致。但是如果主句動詞是think時，附加問句的主謂一般應(yīng)與從句主謂保持一致，如果think是否定形式，附加問句的謂語應(yīng)是肯定形式。 eg. 1.They said that they would call us.(改成反意疑問句) They said that they would call us, _ _? 2.I don't think he will

22、 come. (改成反意疑問句) I don't think he will come, _ _? 5、陳述部分主語是everyone, someone, no one, something, anything等不定代詞時，指人的不定代詞，附加部分主語多用he來代替，指物的不定代詞主語多用it來代替。 6、當陳述部分為there be句型時，附加問句部分用be there結(jié)構(gòu)的肯定或否定形式。 三、感嘆句：用來表達喜、怒、哀、樂等強烈感情的句子叫做感嘆句，句末用感嘆號。1、一般用感嘆詞how或what引導(dǎo)，how修飾形容詞或副詞，what修飾名詞。 2、how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：

23、 How形容詞/副詞主語謂語?。ㄖ髦^可省略） eg. How beautiful the park is! 3、What引導(dǎo)的感嘆句：基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： Whata/an形容詞可數(shù)名詞（單數(shù)）主語謂語!（主謂可?。?eg. What a nice girl (she is)! What形容詞可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)（或不可數(shù)名詞）主語謂語！ eg. What beautiful flowers they are! 注意：What感嘆不可數(shù)名詞時，名詞前面不能加不定冠詞a/an 。 eg. What a good news it is! 類似的有：What bad weather! What hard work!

24、 What delicious food!等 練習題:（一） 1)_ good kind girl she is! A.How B.What a C.What D.How a 2)_ bad weather! I hope it wont last long. A.How B.What C.What a D.How a 3)_ they are listening to the teacher! A.How careful B.What careful C.How carefully D.What carefully 練習題:（二） 1)He had lunch at home. （用at s

25、chool改選擇問句） _ he _ lunch at home _ at school? 2)He's never late for class. （改反意疑問句） He's never late for class, _ _? 3)Mr Brown has few friends in this town.（改反意疑問句） Mr Brown has few friends in this town, _ _? 練習題:（三）選擇How或What（a/an）填空： (1)._ good news for all of us! (2)._ interesting book he

26、 has in his hand! (3)._ badly he hurt himself! (4)._friendly she is to everyone! 思考題 1)Is Bruce an American _ an Australian? A.or B.but C.and D.so 2)_ wonderful time we have had. A.How B.How a C.What D.What a 3)_ modern cinema the workers are building. A.How B.How a C.What D.What a 4)The twins could swim when they were four.（改為反意問句） The twins could swim when they