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1、.How to improve listening comprehensionI: The problems we are faced with: ( 現(xiàn)狀分析) 問(wèn)題及差異 語(yǔ)音基礎(chǔ)差異 詞匯、邏輯關(guān)系和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的缺乏。要正確理解所聽到的話語(yǔ),僅有辨音能力是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的還是要有足夠的詞匯量才能聽懂句中的單詞。但是能聽懂句中的每個(gè)單詞也不等于能聽懂整個(gè)句子,理解句意還要靠語(yǔ)法和邏輯關(guān)系知識(shí)來(lái)認(rèn)定。(結(jié)合給學(xué)生聽寫實(shí)例) 聽力習(xí)慣差:總是把聽到的內(nèi)容從英語(yǔ)翻譯成漢語(yǔ),借助于母語(yǔ)去理解所聽到的內(nèi)容,而不是直接將語(yǔ)音轉(zhuǎn)化成一個(gè)情景,這樣就勢(shì)比延長(zhǎng)反應(yīng)時(shí)間,造成跟不上講話人的局面。 情感因素:II: S

2、trategies to Improve your listening comprehension: 1. 擴(kuò)大詞匯量的同時(shí) 重視語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí) 2. 排除母語(yǔ)干擾: 3. 重視聽力技巧的自我訓(xùn)練 (實(shí)際操練) a. 超前準(zhǔn)備: 在聽力開始前快速掠讀問(wèn)題和選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)是理解的關(guān) 鍵,它可以暗示所聽的重點(diǎn),幫助預(yù)測(cè)將要聽到的內(nèi)容。學(xué)生們必須 學(xué)會(huì)在短暫的時(shí)間內(nèi)分析和對(duì)比選項(xiàng)的不同之處,帶著問(wèn)題有目的地 去聽,就能比較敏感地獲取相關(guān)信息。 b. 培養(yǎng)隨聽隨記的習(xí)慣。特別是對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)的一些數(shù)字等。 c. 抓住重點(diǎn)。 這是我們所面對(duì)的非常重要的困難之一,很多同學(xué) 都覺(jué)得所聽材料語(yǔ)速快來(lái)不及理解,聽了后面

3、的忘了前面的。針 對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題,我們因該注意的是:在聽的過(guò)程中,不要力求聽懂 每一個(gè)單詞,每句話,否則獲得的是零碎的信息,抓不住中心思 想;而且把注意力放在詞句上,一碰到生詞或一聽到一連串的語(yǔ) 流、含糊不清的句子,思想容易停滯不前,從而錯(cuò)過(guò)后面的內(nèi)容。 因此,在聽的過(guò)程中盡力去理解全文的主要內(nèi)容才是關(guān)鍵。比如 說(shuō),若聽一篇記敘短文,我們只需要聽明白主人翁是誰(shuí),主要事 跡是什么;若聽新聞報(bào)道,我們只要了解事件的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及主 要過(guò)程等等。 e. 舍得“放棄”。有很多同學(xué)在聽的過(guò)程中有一個(gè)單詞或一個(gè)句子 沒(méi)有聽懂,舊思維定勢(shì)在那個(gè)內(nèi)容上結(jié)果耽誤了下一句的聽力內(nèi) 容。 III:結(jié)合近幾年高考聽力試題進(jìn)

4、行分析I: 了解事實(shí)與細(xì)節(jié)(如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、等) 1) 06年(1)A. On March 2. B. On March 3. C. On March 5 D On March 8 錄音原文: M: Were you here on March 5? W: Emm. Not really. In fact, I arrived three days later. Q: When did the woman arrive? 07年(5): A. 7:00 B: 7:10 C. 9:0. 0 D: 9:10 錄音原文: W: Could you tell me the starting times

5、for the both performances? Man: The first begins at 7:00 and it lasts two hours. The second follows immediately after a ten-minute break. Q: At what time does the second show start ? 08年(1):A:This afternoon B: Tomorrow C: Next week D: Next month 錄音原文:M: Will Mrs. Johnson be here tomorrow for the mee

6、ting ?W: Probably not. She called this afternoon to put off the meeting till next week.Q: When will the meeting be held? 這幾道題的具體時(shí)間都沒(méi)有在對(duì)話中具體的出現(xiàn), 但只要通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的時(shí)間推導(dǎo),比如第一個(gè)例句: March 5;(not really) three days later; 就很容易得出正確的答案了。針對(duì)這類題目, 我們因該培養(yǎng)自己隨聽隨記的習(xí)慣,可以做一些 "notes" 來(lái)幫助我們整理所聽到的信息。特別是對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)的一些數(shù)字等。如: 2)

7、 地點(diǎn): 06 (2): A: At a cinema B. At an airport C. At a railway station D. At a stadium 錄音原文: W: Is this the Eastern Airline check-in? M: Yes, can I see your ticket, please? Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place ?07 (2) A. At a restaurant B. At a studio C. At a concert D. At a theatre

8、錄音原文: W: The flowers are lovely, aren't they? And I like the music too.M: Yeah. The dinner here is also excellent.Q: Where probably are the two speakers? 08 (3) :A. At a paint store B. At an oil market C. At a science museum D. At a gallery 錄音原文:M: So how do you like this oil painting ?W: If I h

9、ad enough room in my apartment, I would buy it.Q: Where does the conversation probably take place ? 像這類題目,我們主要通過(guò)對(duì)話中談話主題的關(guān)鍵詞來(lái)判斷, 如:"Eastern Airline check-in " 而像07年這道題,聽力原文中同學(xué)們實(shí)際上聽到了三個(gè)詞“flowers" "music" 和 "dinner", 這就需要我們真正聽懂對(duì)話才能選出正確的答案。 在完成這類題目時(shí),我們不妨先選項(xiàng)著手來(lái)推測(cè),例如:08年

10、第三題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng),a.paint store ; an oil market; a science museum以及 a gallery, 這四個(gè)地點(diǎn)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容是什么? 其他幾道題也是一樣。這樣的題目孫然只需要簡(jiǎn)單理解、認(rèn)定信息,擔(dān)信度比較高。 在我們歷屆高考都出現(xiàn)在第一個(gè)短對(duì)話中。 2. 通過(guò)對(duì)話背景辨認(rèn)說(shuō)話者之間的關(guān)系或職業(yè)等06 (6) A. Car seller B. Police officer C. Detective D. Reporter原文錄音: M: Yes, madam. What seems to be the problem? W: I'd like to r

11、eport a robbery. It's my car. It's been stolen. Q: What's probably the man's occupation? 07 春 (3)A. A journalist B. A novelist C. A sportsman D. A newsagent 原文錄音:W:Where do you work ?M: I work for the city newspaper.I write about sports. Have you read any of my stories? Q: What is pr

12、obably the man's job ?08 春 (4)A. Employer and employee B. Husband and wife C. Teacher and student D. Patient and doctor 原文錄音:W: Shall I come back again ?M: Well, you should feel better in two or three days. Come back and see me if you don't fell any better after three days.Q: What's the

13、possible relationship between the two speakers? 3. 理解、推斷說(shuō)話者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度這類題目旨在考查學(xué)生理解說(shuō)話人的說(shuō)話目的推測(cè)說(shuō)話人接下來(lái)將會(huì)做什么。有些人認(rèn)為做這類題的訣竅是要把注意力放在第二個(gè)說(shuō)話人的話語(yǔ)上,但也有人認(rèn)為這個(gè)訣竅不是總是見(jiàn)效,而且還可能會(huì)誤導(dǎo)學(xué)生。因?yàn)樵捳Z(yǔ)的意思是在會(huì)話情境中產(chǎn)生,而第一句恰恰是情景的建立,在許多情況下如果聽不懂第一個(gè)人的話語(yǔ),而第二個(gè)人的話語(yǔ)沒(méi)有足夠的情景,第二個(gè)人的話語(yǔ)可以有多種解釋,加上所中選項(xiàng)的干擾,學(xué)生們就會(huì)失分,所以我覺(jué)得,我們應(yīng)該首先了解對(duì)話的背景,即問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵詞,集中在第二個(gè)說(shuō)話人的話語(yǔ)的

14、內(nèi)容上,這樣可能會(huì)讓我們真正理解對(duì)話,選擇正確答案。例如:06年的 5、7題(5) M: Would you like to go to the movie with me this evening?W: I'd love to, but I am just getting over the flu.Q; What will the woman probably do this evening? A. Go to the movie B. See a doctor C. Get some fruit D. Stay at home(7) M: Would you like to go

15、to ballet next Friday? I've got two tickets. W: Oh, that sounds like fun. Q: How does the woman feel? A. Funny B. Crazy C. Amused D. Pleased 再如: 08年第4、6題 (4) W: Peter, want to take a walk? M: No, I have to go down to the yard now. I' m building some bookshelves. Q: What will Peter probably d

16、o next ? A. Work in the yard B. Buy some wood C. Go to the bookstore D. Take a walk (5) M: The copy machine is broken down again. I'll call for service. W: It's only jammed. Just remove the paper stuck in it. I'll show you. Q: What will the woman do? A. Call a repairman B. Get out the pa

17、per stuck C. Turn to her colleague for help D. Restart the machine 5. 推斷隱含意義題: 語(yǔ)言是為交際服務(wù)的,有些語(yǔ)言功能的表達(dá),如拒 絕、責(zé)備、打聽或提供信息等,說(shuō)人的態(tài)度不是直截了當(dāng),所以我們要學(xué)會(huì)聽懂言外之意、 弦外之音。如果我們能更多地了解常用的一些表達(dá)言外之意的修辭手段,如:夸張、反問(wèn)等,令另外還有一些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)或一些語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)法句型, 如: 否定+比較級(jí)(I can't agree with you more.) Can + 否定詞+ too ( You can never/ not be too careful

18、) The more.the more ( The more , the merrier. 08春 10) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 I'd join you if I didn't have so much work to do. 08春 5) I wish I could be in 2 places at once (07春9)反問(wèn)句: Don't we have enough by now?(06年第9題) Shouldn't you clean your key-board, too?(07年第7題) What can we learn about. What does the woman mean? What does the man imply? What is the conversation/ passage/ story mainly about? 如:06年第9、07年第7題、08 第10題W: How many more cups should we get for the picnic ?M: Don't we have enough by now?Q: What does the man im

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