職稱英語理工類A級-50_真題-無答案

1、職稱英語理工類 A 級-50(總分 100,考試時間 90 分鐘)第 1 部分：詞匯選項下面每個句子中均有1 個詞或短語畫有底橫線， 請為每處畫線部分確定1 個意義最為接近的選項。1. The union representative put across her argument very effectively.A. explainedB inventedC consideredD accepted2. He talks tough but has a tender heart.A. heavyB mildC kindD wild3. It is no use debating the r

2、elative merits of this policy.A. makingBtakingC discussingD expecting4. Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing. A wasteB buyC useD sell5. The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.A functionBabilityC powerD volume6. Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.A

3、tenselyB nearlyCcarefullyD closely7. Her faith upheld her in times of sadness.A supportedB excitedC inspiredDdirected8. The book provides a concise analysis of the country's history.A cleanB perfectC realD brief9. It is laid down in the regulations that all members must carry their membership ca

4、rds at all times.A suggestedB warnedC statedD described10. The council meeting terminated at 2 o'clock.A beganB continuedCendedD resumed11. A red flag was placed there as a token of danger.A signB substituteC proofD target12. However bad the situation is, the majority is unwilling to risk change

5、. A reluctantB eagerC pleasedD angry13. It has been said that the Acts provided a new course of action and did not merely regulate or enlarge an old one.A manageB controlC reviseD outset14. The secretary is expected to explore ideas for post-war reconstruction of the area. A denyB investigateCstress

6、D create15. The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water.A graduallyB suddenlyC excessivelyD exceptionally第 2 部分：閱讀判斷下面的短文后列出的句子， 請根據(jù)短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷： 如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇 A ；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇 B ；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及， 請選擇 C。A Dolphin and an Astronom

7、erOne day in 1963, a dolphin named Elvar and a famous astronomer, Carl Sagan, were playing a little game. The astronomer was visiting an institute which was looking into the way *municatewith each other. Sagan was standing on the edge of one of the tanks where several of thesefriendly,highly intelli

8、gentcreatures were kept. Elvar had just swum up alongside him and had turned on his back.The dolphin wanted Sagan to scratch his stomach again, as the astronomer had done twice before. Elvar looked up at Sagan, waiting. Then, after a minute or so, the dolphin leapt up through the water and made a so

9、und just likethe word "more". The astonished astronomer went to the director of the institute and told him about the incident. "Oh, yes. That's one of the words he knows," the director said, showing no surprise at all.Dolphins have bigger brains in proportion to their body si

10、ze than humans have, and it has been known for a long time that they can make a number of sounds. What is more, these sounds seem to have different functions, such as warning each other of danger. Sound travels much faster and much further in water than it does in air. That is why the parts of the b

11、rain that deal with sound aremuch better developed in dolphinsthan in humans. But can itbe said that dolphins have a "language", in the real sense of the word? Scientists don't agree on this.A language is not just a collection of sounds, or even words. A language has a structure and wh

12、at we call a grammar. The structure and grammar of a language help to give it meaning. For example, the two questions "Who loves Mary?" and "Who does Mary love?" mean very different things. If you stop to think about it, you will see that this difference doesn't come from the

13、 wordsin the question but from the difference in structure. That is why the question "Can dolphins speak?" can't be answered until we find out if dolphins not only make sounds but also arrange them in a grammatical order which affects their meaning.16. The astronomer was not interested

14、 in the way *municate with each other. A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17. The dolphin leapt up into the air because Sagan was too near the water.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18. Parts of the dolphin's brain are particularly well developed to handle different kinds of sound. A RightB WrongCNot ment

15、ioned19. Dolphins are the most useful animals to humans.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20. Dolphins travel faster in water than any other animals.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21. All scientists believe that dolphins have a language of their own. A RightB WrongCNot mentioned22. Sounds can be called a l

16、anguage only when they have a structure and a grammar.ARightB WrongC Not mentioned第 3 部分：概括大意與完成句子The Weight ExperimentNicola Waiters has been taking part in experiments in Scotland to discover why humans gain and lose weight. Being locked in a small room called a "calorimeter" (熱量測量室 ) is

17、 one way tofind out .1. The signs above the two rooms read simply "Chamber One" and "Chamber Two". These are the calorimeters: 4m by 2m white-walledrooms where human volunteers are locked up in the name of science. Outside these rooms another sign reads "Please do not enter

18、work in progress" and in front of the rooms advanced machinery registers every move the volunteers make. Each day, meals measured to the last gram are passed through a hole in the wall of the calorimeter to theresident volunteer.2. Nicola Waitersis one of twenty volunteers who, over the past ei

19、ght months, have spent varying periods inside the calorimeter. Tall and slim, Nicola does not have a weight problem, but thought the strict diet might help with her training and fitness programme. A self-*munity dance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in around her work. She saw an advert f

20、or volunteers at her local gym and as she is interested in the whole area of diet and exercise, she thought she would help out.3. The experiment on Nicola involved her spending one day on a fixed diet at home and the next in the room. This sequence was repeated fourtimes over six weeks. She arrived

21、at the calorimeter at 8:30 am on each of the four mornings and from then on everything she ate or drankwas carefully measured. Her every move was noted too, her daily exercise routine timed to the last second. Atregular intervals, after eating, she filledin forms about how hungry she feltand samples

22、 were taken for analysis.4. The scientists help volunteers impose a kind of order on the long days they face in the room."The first time, I only took one video and a book, but it was OK because I watched TV the rest ofthe time," says Nicola. And twice a day she used the exercise bike. She

23、pedaled (踩踏板 ) for half an hour, watched by researchers to make sure she didn't go too fast.5. It seems that some foods encourage you to eat more, while others satisfy you quickly.Volunteers are already showing that high-fat diets are less likely to make you feel full. Believingthat they may now

24、 know what encourages people to overeat, the researchers are about to start testing a high-protein weight-loss diet. Volunteers are required and Nicola has signed up for further sessions.23. A What does the calorimeter look like inside?B What program was designed for the experiment? C What is a calo

25、rimeter?D What is the first impression?EHow do the volunteers kill the time?F Why did Nicola join in the experiments?Paragraph 1 24. Paragraph 2 25. Paragraph 3 26. Paragraph 4 27. A the volunteers doB because she does not have a weight problemC because the life there can be very boring D make peopl

26、e overeatE because she was her own bossF after passing a high-protein testThe machinery outside the calorimeters records everything.28. Nicola Waiters had time for the experiments.29. Volunteers have to get prepared for the time in the calorimeter.30. The experiments show that high-fat diets.第 4 部分：

27、閱讀理解根據(jù)短文內容，為每題確定1 個最佳選項。第一篇"Salty" Rice Plant Boosts HarvestsBritish scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more.Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex U

28、niversity'sSchool of BiologicalSciences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty.The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish whic

29、h genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to breed this capability into crops, starting with rice.It is estimated that each year more than 10m hectares ( 公 頃 ) of agricultural land are lostbecause salt gets into the soil and stunts ( 妨 礙 生 長 ) plants. The problem is caused b

30、y several factors. In the tropics, mangroves (紅樹林 ) that create swamps (沼澤) and traditionallyformed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of droughts have caused the water table to drop, allowing sea water to seep (滲透) in. In Latin America, irrigation oftencauses p

31、roblems when water is evaporated (蒸發(fā) ) by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind.Excesssaltthenenters theplantsandpreventsthemfunctioningnormally.Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive.To *e these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed

32、rice plants that take in very little salt and store what they do absorb in cells but do not affect the plants' growth. They have started to breed these characteristics into a new rice crop, but it willtake about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered *mercial use.On

33、ce the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Yeo will try to breedthe appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature willthen be able to bloom again, providingmuch needed food in the poorer countries of theworld.31. Which of t

34、he following statements about Flowers and Yeo is true? A They are students at Sussex University.B. They are rice breeders.C. They are husband and wife.D. They are colleagues at an institution of higher learning.32. Flowers and Yeo have started a programme A to find ways to prevent water pollution.B.

35、 to identify genes that promote growth in salty soil.C. to breed rice plants that taste salty.D. to find ways to remove excessive salt from soil.33. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the problem discussed in the passage? A Natural barriers to sea water have been destroyed.BThe wa

36、ter table has gone down after droughts.CSea level has been continuously rising. D Evaporation of water leaves salt behind.34. The word "affect" in Paragraph 6 could be best replaced by A "influence".B "effect".C "stop".D "present".35. The attitude of

37、 the author towards the research project is Apositive.B negative.Csuspicious.D indifferent.第二篇Living with ComputerAfter too long on the Net, even a phone call can be a shock. My boyfriend'sLiverpudlian accent suddenly becomes hard to understand after the clarity of his words on screen; a secreta

38、ry's tone seems more rejectingthan I'd imagineditwouldbe. Timeitselfbecomes fluid hours become minutes, and alternately seconds stretch into days. Weekends, once a highlightof my week, are now just two ordinary days.For the last three years, since I stopped working as a producer for Charlie

39、Rose, I have done much ofmy workas a *muter(遠程交談者 ). Isubmit articlesand edit them via E-mail*municate with colleagues on Internet mailing lists. My boyfriend lives in England, so much ofour relationship is computer-mediated.If I desired, I could stay inside for weeks without wanting anything. I can

40、 order food, and manage my money, love and work. In fact, at times I have spent as long as three weeks alone at home, going out only to get mail and buy newspapers and groceries. I watched most of the blizzard ( 風) of '96 on TV.But after a while, life itself begins to feel unreal. I start to fee

41、l as though I've merged with mymachines, taking data in, spitting them back out, just another node (節(jié)點 ) on the Net. Others on line report the same symptoms. We start to strongly dislike the outside forms of socializing. It'slikeattending an A.A.meeting in a bar witheveryone holdinga half-si

42、pped drink. We have become the Net opponents' worst nightmare.What first seemed like a luxury, crawling from bed to computer, not worrying about hair, andclothes and face, has become an avoidance, a lack of discipline. And once you start replacing real human contact with cyber-interaction(網上交流 )

43、, comingback out of the cave can be quite difficult.At times, I turn on the television and just leave it to chatter in the background, something thatI'd never done previously. The voices of the programs soothe ( 安危 ) me, but then I'm jarred ( 使感不快 ) by *mercials. I find myself sucked in by s

44、oap operas, or compulsively (強制性地 ) needingto keep up with the latest news and the weather. "Dateline," "Frontline," "Nightline," CNN, every possible angle of every story over and over and over, even when they are of no possible use to me. Work moves from foreground to

45、background.36. Compared with the clear words of her boyfriend on screen, his accent is A obscure.B distinct.Cunreal.D misleading.37. The passage implies that the writer and her boyfriend live in A England.B different countries.Cthe same city.D the same country.38. Living alone in a house, the writer

46、 seems toA have totally forgotten her work. Bbe afraid of her neighbors.Cget *fort from TV programs. D have gone crazy.39. We learn from the passage that the writer A is fed up with the Net opponents. Bprefers people to *puter.Cis addicted to *puter.D does not like human contact.40. The phrase "

47、;coming back out of the cave" in the fifth paragraph means A "coming back home".B. "giving up the present job".C. "living a luxurious life".D. "restoring real human contact".第三篇The Body ClockWhy is it that flying to New York from London will leave you fee

48、ling less tired than flying toLondon from New York? The answer may be a clear case of biology not being able to keep up with technology.Deep inside the brain there is a "clock" that governs every aspect of the body's functioning: sleep and wake cycles, levels of alertness, performance,

49、 mood, hormone levels, digestion, bodytemperature and so on. It regulates all of these functions on a 24-hour basis and is called thebiological clock.This body clock programmes us to be sleepy twice a day, between 3-5 am and again between 3-5 pm. Afternoon tea and nap are all cultural responses to o

50、ur natural biological sleepiness in the afternoon.One of the major causes of the travellers' malady known as jet lag is the non-alignment of a person's internalbody clockwithclocks in the external world.Crossing differenttime zones confuses the biological clock, which then has to adjust to t

51、he new time and patterns of light and activity. To make matters *plex, not all internal body functions adjust at the same rate. So your sleep/wake may adjust to a new time zone at one rate, while your temperature adjusts at a different pace. Your digestion may be on a different schedule altogether.T

52、hough we live in a 24-hour day, the natural tendency of the body clock is to extend our day beyond 24 hours. It is contrary to our biological programming to "shrink" our day'.That is why travelingin a westward direction is more body-clockfriendlythan flyingeast.NASA studies of long hau

53、l pilots showed that westward travel was associated with significantly better sleep quantity and quality than eastward flights.When flying west, you are "extending" your day, thus traveling in the natural direction of your internal clock.Flyingeastward willinvolve"shrinking"or re

54、ducing your day and is in direct opposition to your internal clock's natural tendency.One of the *plaintsof travelers is that their sleep becomes disrupted. There are many reasons for this, changing time zones and schedules, changing light and activity levels, trying to sleep when your body cloc

55、k is programmed to be awake, disruption of the internal biological clock and working longer hours.It is often suggested that you adjust your watch as soon as you board a plane, supposedly to try to help you adjust to your destination's schedule as soon as you arrive. But it can take the body clo

56、ck several days to several weeks to fully adjust to a new time zone.So, our body clock truly can "govern" us.41. The role of the body clock is toA enable us to sleep 6 hours a day. Bhelp us adapt to a 24-hour cycle.Cregulate the body's functions.D interfere with the body's function

57、s.42. The word "malady" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to A "condition".B "discomfort".C"injury".D "excitement".43. Flying in a westward direction will A help you sleep better. Bincrease the degree of jet lag.Cshrink your day.D make you overeat

58、.44. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for the disrupted sleep of travelers? A Crossing different time zones.BChanging light and activity levels.CWorking longer hours.D Watching out of the plane for a long time.45. It can be seen from the last two paragraphs that A you can control your own body clock.Bit is not difficult to adjust to a new