最新職稱英語理工類A級真題及答案_0

1、職稱英語理工類 A 級真題及答案第 1 部分：詞匯選項(xiàng) (第 11 5 題，每題 1 分，共 15 分)下面每個句子中均有 1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1 個意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。1. The sea turtle s natural habitat has been considerably reduced.A. suddenlyB. generallyC. slightlyD. greatly2. Anderson left the table， remarking that he had some work to do.A. doubtingB. thinkingC. sa

2、yingD. knowing3. I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch.A. instructingB. pushing.C. notifyingD. inviting4. He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source.A. maintainedB. recommendedC. consideredD. acknowledged5. The decision to invade provoked storms of protest.

3、A. causedB. ignoredC. organizedD. received6. A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children.A. reportedB. praisedC. provedD. caught7. At that time， we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.A. giveB. attachC. loseD. understand8. Forester stared at his ca，rt

4、rembling with rage.A. turningB. jumpingC. shakingD. shouting9. It is possible to approach the problem in a different way.A. handleB. raiseC. poseD. experience10. Jane said that she couldn t tolerate the long hours.A. spendB. standC. takeD. last11. The study also notes a steady decline in the number

5、of college students taking science courses.A. relativeB. continuousC. generalD. sharp12. I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse.A. afraidB. anxiousC. sureD. sad13. She always finds fault with everything.A. simplifiesB. evaluatesC. criticizesD. examines14. At 80， Peck was still

6、vigorous and living in Paris.A. happyB. aloneC. busyD. energetic15. For some obscure reason， the simple game is becoming very popular.A. obviousB. majorC. unclearD. minor第 2 部分：閱讀判斷 (第 16 22 題，每題 1 分，共 7 分)下面的短文后列出了 7 個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。Earth

7、 Rocks OnMost of the time, the ground feels solid beneath our feet. That s comf also misleading because there s actually a lot going on underground. Masses of la(called plates) slip, slide, and bump against each other, slowly changing the shape of continents and oceans over millions and billions of

8、years.Scientists know that Earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago. They also know that our planet was hot at first. As it cooled, its outermost layer, called the crust, eventually formed moving plates. Exactly when this shift happened, however, is an open question.Now, an internationalgroup ofrese

9、archers has an answer. They vefound new evidence suggesting that Earth s crust (地殼 ) started shifting at least 3.8 billion years ago. The new estimate is 1.3 billion years earlier than previous ones.Not long before 3.8 billion years ago, lots of asteroids ( 小 行 星 ) were pummelingEarth, keeping its c

10、rust in a hot, molten state. After the hard crust formed, much of itsank at various times into the planet s hot insides. There, it melted before retuthe surface as lava.In some places, however, the crust never sank. One of the oldest such places is in Greenland, in an area called the Isua supracrust

11、al(上地殼 ) belt. The rocky crust there is between 3.7 and 3.8 billion years old. The belt was once part of the seafloor, but now it is exposed to air.The researchers recently look at the Isua supracrustal belt. They noticed long, parallel cracks in the rock that have been filled in with a type of volc

12、anic rock.To explain this structure, the scientists propose that tension in the crust caused the seafloor to crack open long ago. Hot, liquidrock, called magma(巖漿 ), flowed up slowly from deep inside Earth to fill the cracks. Finally, the area cooled, forming what we see today.That explanation, plus

13、 chemical clues inside the rock, suggests that the Isua supracrustal belt was once part of a plate under the ocean, beginning around 3.8 billion years ago.16 The ground beneath our feet is indeed still.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 The shape of lands and oceans are slowly changed with the movement

14、s of plates.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 Earth cooled down shortly after it was formed.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 Scientists once estimated that Earth s crust started shifntinygeathrsreaegboi.llioA RightB WrongC Not mentioned20. It took a long time for the melted crust to become hard.A Right

15、B WrongC Not mentioned21. The formation of the Isua supracrustal belt is thought to have started about 3.8 billion years ago.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22. The lsua supracrustal belt is now a popular holiday resort.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned第 3 部分：概括大意與完成句子 (第 2330 題，每題 1 分，共 8 分)下面的短文后有 2 項(xiàng)測試任

16、務(wù)： (1) 第 23 26 題要求從所給的 6 個選項(xiàng)中為第 2-5 段每段選擇 1 個標(biāo)題； (2) 第 2730 題要求從所給的6 個選項(xiàng)中為每個句子確定1 個選項(xiàng)。The IPad1 The IPad is a tablet computer (平板電腦 ) designed and developed by Apple. It is particularlymarketed as a platformforaudio and visualmedia such as books, periodicals ( 期刊 ), movies, music, and games, as well

17、 as web content. Atabout 1.5 pounds (680 grams), its size and weight are between those of most contemporarysmartphones and laptop computers. Apple released the IPad in April 2010, and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days.2 The IPad runs the same operating system as IPod Touch and IPhone. It can

18、run its own applications as well as ones developed for IPhone. Without modification, it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store.3 Like IPhone and iPod Touch, the IPad is controlled by a multitouch display-a break from most previous tablet computers, which uses a

19、 pressure-triggered stylus (觸控筆 ). The IPad uses a Wi-Fi data connection to browse ( 瀏覽) the Internet, load and stream media, and install software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection whichcan connect toGSM3Gdata networks.Thedevices ismanaged andsynchronized (同步) by ITunes on a perso

20、nal computer via USB cable.4 An IPad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and interesting things. There are lots of IPad applications that the owner can use to enhance the way they communicate. Some of these are how to use social networkingsites and other online o

21、ptions. One of the most commonuses is for e-mail services. IPand applications like Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specific and particular options. They enable the owner to personalize their email accounts.5 While the IPad is mostly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business users.

22、Some companies are adopting IPads in their business offices by distributing or making available IPads to employees. Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients, medical professionals accessing health records during patient exams, and managers approvingemployee requests. A

23、survey byFrost Sullivan shows that IPad usage in workplaces is linked to the goals of increased employees productivity, reduced paperwork, and increased revenue.23 、 Paragraph 224 、 Paragraph 325 、 Paragraph 426 、 Paragraph 5A Business usageB Differences from IPhoneC Operating systemD Online storesE

24、 Features and applicationsF Display and data connection27 In April 2010 the IPad developed by Apple was .28 The IPad will only run programs approved by Apple if not .29 IPad applications enable the owner s email accounts to be .30 IPad usage in offices enables employee productivity to be .A browsedB

25、 increasedC releasedD modifiedE distributedF personalized第 4 部分：閱讀理解（第 31 45 題，每題 3 分，共 45 分）下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道題。請根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，為每題確定一個答案。第一篇 Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking?Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many

26、 countries, cell phones are very popular with young people.Theyfindthatthephonesaremorethanameansof communicationmdash;having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professional worried. Some doctors are concerned th

27、at in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your heal

28、th.On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning (掃描 ) equipment. In one case, a travelingsalesman had to retire at a young age because of s

29、erious memory loss. He couldn tremember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer s docto

30、r didn t agree.What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones.Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount istoo small to worry about.As the discu

31、ssion about their safety continues, it appears that it s phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful andconvenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have

32、 a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, it your mobile phone too often31 People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT thatA they re popularB they re cheapC they re usefulD they re convenient32 The world detected in paragraph 3 could be best replaced byA curedB

33、 removedC discoveredD caused33 The salesman retired young becauseA he disliked using mobile phonesB he was tired of talking on his mobile phoneC he couldn t remember simple tasksD hi s employer s doctor persuaded him to34 On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companiesA deny the ex

34、istence of mobile phone radiationB develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiationC try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to healthD hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about35 The writer s purpose of writing this article is to advise peopleA to buy mobile phone

35、sB to update regular phonesC to use mobile phones less oftenD to stop using mobile phones第二篇 Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like OthersLow-salt foods may be harder for some people to like than others, according to a study by a Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences food scientist. The research i

36、ndicates that genetic factors influence some of the difference in the levels of salt we like to eat.Those conclusions are important because recent, well-publicized (大力宣傳的 ) efforts to reduce the salt content in food have left many people struggling to accept fare that simply does not taste as good t

37、o them as it does to others, pointed out John Hayes, lead investigator on the study.Diets high in salt can increase the risk of high blood pressure and stroke. That is why public health experts and food companies are workingtogether on ways to help consumers lowersalt intake through foods that are e

38、njoyable to eat. This study increases understanding of salt preference and consumption.The research involved 87 carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods such as soup and chips, on multiple occasions, spread out over weeks. Test subjects were 45 men and 42 women, reportedly healthy, ra

39、nging in age from 20 to 40 years. The sample was composed of individuals who were not actively modifying their dietary intake and did not smoke cigarettes. They rated the intensity of taste on a commonly used scientific scale, ranging from barely detectable to strongest sensation of any kind.Most of

40、 us like the taste of salt. However, some individuals eat more salt, both because they like the taste of saltiness more, and because it is needed to block other unpleasant tastes in food, said Hayes. Supertasters, people who experience tastes more tensely, consume more salt than nontasters do. Snack

41、 foods have saltiness as their primary flavor, and at least for these foods, more is better, so the supertasters seem to like them more.However, supertasters also need higher levels of salt to block unpleasant bitter tastes in foods such as cheese, Hayes noted. For example, cheese is a wonderful ble

42、nd of dairy flavors from fermented ( 發(fā) 酵 的 ), milk, but also bitter tastes from ripening that are blocked by salt, he said. A supertaster finds low-salt cheese unpleasant because thebitterness is too pronounced.Hayes cited research done more than 75 years ago by a chemist named Fox and ageneticist n

43、amed Blakeslee, showing that individualsdifferin their ability to taste certain chemicals. As a result, Hayes explained, we know that a wide range in taste acuity exists, and this variation is as normal as variations in eye and hair color.36 John Hayes pointed out that.A food with less salt tastes b

44、etter.B many people never eat low-salt food.C many people make efforts to accept low-salt food.D it is good to health to eat food without salt.37 The fourth paragraph briefly describes?A why the number of subjects was limited to 87.B why more male subjects were chosen than female ones.C how salty fo

45、ods were made and distributed to the subjects in the research.D how the subjects were selected and what they were asked to do.38 It is true that.A nontasters like to share salty cheese with supertasters.B supertasters like the taste of saltiness to block sweet tastes in food.C nontasters consume mor

46、e salt because they like intense tastes.D supertasters like snack foods more as they contain higher levels of saltiness.39 Supertasters prefer high-salt cheese because.A it is good to health.B it tastes less bitter.C it is rich in nutrition.D it has intense bitter tastes.40 It can be inferred from t

47、he last paragraph that taste acuity is.A genetically determined.B identified with certain chemicals.C developed over time after birth.D related to one s eyeiracnodlohra.第三篇 Calculating CrimeWhen you think about math, you probably don t think about breaking the law, somysteries or finding criminals.

48、But a mathematician in Maryland does, and he has come up with mathematical tools to help police find criminals.People who solve crimes look for patterns that might reveal （揭示） the identity of the criminal. It losng been believed, for example, that criminals will break the law closer to where they li

49、ve, simply because it esasier to get around in their own neighborhood. If police see a pattern of robberies in a certain area, they may look for asuspect who lives near the crime scenes. So, the farther away from the area a crime takes place, the less likely it is that the same criminal did it.But M

50、ike O Leary, a mathematician at Towson University in Maryland, says that thiskind of approach may be too simple. He says that police may get better clues to the location of an offender s home base by combining these patterns with aacyiotyut and historical crime records.The records of past crimes con

51、tain geographical informationand can reveal easy targets - that is, the kind of stores that might be less difficultto rob. Because these stores are along roads, the locations of past crimescontain information about where major streets and intersections (十字路口 ) are. O Learyis writinga new computerpro

52、gram that willquicklyprovide this kind of informationfora given city. Hisprogram also includes information about the people who live in the city, and information about how a criminal pastterns change with age. (It besen shown, for example, that the younger the criminal, the closer to home the crime.)Other computer programmer