高中英語(yǔ)必修一Unit-3知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、Unit 3. Travel journal課堂講解1. Which kind of transport do you prefer to use: bus or train? sth. 更喜歡 (sb.) to do sth 更喜歡某人做prefer that (should)+動(dòng)詞原型 更喜歡 sth. to sth./doing sth. to doing sth. 與相比更喜歡；寧愿不愿 to do sth. rather than do sth.= would rather do . than do.寧可也不e:I would prefer meat to fish. I prefe

2、r singing to acting. He prefers to stay at home rather than go shopping.2. Imagine that you plan to spend a holiday. 構(gòu)詞： imagination n. C / U 想像，想像力，想像的事物 imaginative adj. 富有想像力的 搭配：imagine sth / doing sth e.g. You can imagine the situation there. I cant imagine (my) marrying a girl of that sort. 【考

3、例】 I can hardly imagine Peter _across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailed 3. Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. (1).ever since從那以后 It is/has been+一段時(shí)間+since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)(從句中的動(dòng)作不能延續(xù))自從至今已經(jīng)多久了。 eg: Its f

4、ive years since I left there. 注意：在Its +一段時(shí)間+since從句，如果since 從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，那么，它所表示的時(shí)間是從那個(gè)動(dòng)作結(jié)束時(shí)起算，意為不做多久了。 eg: Its five years since he smoked. 他戒煙五年了。 (2) dream about/of 夢(mèng)見(jiàn)，夢(mèng)想4.Then she persuaded me to buy one.(1) 說(shuō)服；勸服 sb.persuadesb. (not) to do sthsb. into/out of doing sth.(2) 使相信；使信服persuade sb. of

5、 sth. 使某人信服persuade sb. that 使某人相信eg: He has persuaded me of its truth.5.After graduating from college, we finally got the chance take a bike trip.【辨析】finally, at last與in the end 易混詞辨析 finally 一般指一系列事物或論點(diǎn)順序的最后項(xiàng)內(nèi)容,或用在動(dòng)詞前,表示等了好久才,沒(méi)有感情色。 stood up, waved his hand and finally began his inspiring. at last

6、 在意思上是指經(jīng)過(guò)周折、等待、耽誤到最后、終于(出現(xiàn)所期待的結(jié)果),常常帶有較濃厚的感情色彩。E.g. He finished his long boring speech at last.in the end 指等了好久才···，而且能用于預(yù)卜未來(lái) E.g. Who can tell what will happen to the earth in the end? 6. Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the tr

7、ip properly. (1). although, though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句不能再和but, and, however連用, 但可以和副詞 yet, still連用。although從句多放在句首, though從句可在主句前，中，后任何位置。【隨堂練習(xí)】_ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. (2).insist v.堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持主張 on/upon ones doing sth 堅(jiān)持做,堅(jiān)決做 that +從句 “堅(jiān)持說(shuō)(后表示一個(gè)事實(shí)), 后接的從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣,按

8、需要選擇時(shí)態(tài) that sb (should) do sth 堅(jiān)決主張做某事, 后接的賓語(yǔ)從句常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣即 “should +v. eg：I insisted on/upon his coming with us. He insisted that he hadnt stolen the girls handbag. Mary was ill. Her parents insisted that she (should) see a doctor. 【隨堂練習(xí)】 1).The doctor insisted that I _a high fever and that I _ a rest f

9、or a few days. A. had; had B. have; have C. had; have D. have; had 2).The man insisted _a taxi for me even if/though I told him I lived nearby. A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding 7. My sister doesnt care about details. care about 憂慮；擔(dān)憂；惦念 ca

10、re for 喜歡；照料；照顧=take care of=look after) take care 小心；提防 派生：careful adj.細(xì)心的 carefully adv.細(xì)心地 carefulness n.細(xì)心 carelessly adv. 粗心地 carelessness n.粗心 careless adj.粗心的 eg：He doesnt care much about what happens to me. Who will care for your child if you are out? 8. She gave me a determined look -the ki

11、nd that she wouldnt change her mind. (1).determine v. 決定, 下定決心, 確定 determine to do sth. =make up ones mind 下定決心 eg：He determined to learn French. be determined to do sth. 決心做 eg：She was determined to go to university.(2).change ones mind 改變某人的主意 eg：No matter what you say, I wont change my mind.(3).

12、determination n. 決心，毅力 determined adj. 堅(jiān)毅的，下決心的9. When I told her the air would be hard to breath and it would be very cold. 主語(yǔ) + be + adj.+ to do sth. 不定式用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。這一結(jié)構(gòu)中的形容詞往往是表示心理活動(dòng)的，接不定式時(shí), 不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ), 主動(dòng)用to do, 被動(dòng)用to be done; 也可以接從句。這類形容詞有surprised, moved, disappointed, pleased, happy, sad,

13、 delighted, sorry, interested, glad, worried, etc.此句型可以轉(zhuǎn)換成It + be + adj + to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg：The problem is really hard to work out. = It is really hard to work out the problem.10. Finally, I had to give in. (1).give in (to sb./sth.) 屈服于, 讓步, 遞交 eg：He had to give in to my views. (2).give in (sth. to s

14、b.) 上交 eg：Please give your examination papers in to the teacher. 【拓展】give up 放棄, 認(rèn)輸 give out 筋疲力盡；分配 give away 捐贈(zèng), 泄露11. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, traveling across western Yunnan Province.【辨析】 across，through與over across表示從一定范圍的一邊到另一邊或事物交叉位置,橫穿, 橫跨外表, 含義與on 有關(guān) through 表達(dá)兩邊穿

15、過(guò)或穿過(guò)空間內(nèi)部, 含義與in 有關(guān) over表示越過(guò),是指越過(guò)較高的物體從一側(cè)到另一側(cè) eg: The new railway winds its way to Hong Kong, over mountains across tunnels and through rivers. 12. To climb the mountains was hard work but as we looked around us, we were surprised by the view. (1).景色，風(fēng)景 eg：The room has a fine view of the mountains. (

16、2).視野，視線 eg：The plane soon went out of view. (3).看法，見(jiàn)解，態(tài)度多用于復(fù)數(shù) in ones view 在某人看來(lái) ones view(s) on/about sth 某人關(guān)于某事的看法、見(jiàn)解 【辨析】view ,scene, sight 與scenery 易混詞辨析 view 指從某個(gè)位置或角度看到的景色，也可表示觀點(diǎn)。 There is a fine view of the mountain from our hotel. scene 指展現(xiàn)在眼前的場(chǎng)景，也可指scenery 的一局部，大多包括場(chǎng)景中的人及活動(dòng)在內(nèi)。 The boats in

17、 the harbour make a beautiful scene.sight 即可指場(chǎng)景眼前看到的景色，也可指名勝、風(fēng)景，在表示風(fēng)景、名勝時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 The Imperial Palace is one of the sights of China. scenery指某地總的自然風(fēng)光和景色，優(yōu)指美麗的鄉(xiāng)間景色。 The scenery of this country is unparalleled.13. She was reliable and I knew I didnt need to encourage her. reliable adj. 可信賴的；可靠的 rely vi.

18、依靠；依賴(通常接on/upon)14. separate的用法 separate 作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，指把原來(lái)在一起的人或物分開(kāi)。例如: Separate those two boys who are fighting, will you? (你)把那兩個(gè)打架的孩子拉開(kāi)，好嗎? 搭配： separate A from B 把A和B分開(kāi) A is separated from B by A和B為所分開(kāi)阻隔 separate sth (up) into 把分成(幾分) 作形容詞時(shí)，個(gè)別的，單獨(dú)的，別離的 We have separate rooms. 我們都有各自的房間。 15. schedule n.時(shí)

19、間表；進(jìn)度表 vt. 為某事安排時(shí)間 according to schedule 按照方案；按照安排 on schedule 按時(shí) behind schedule 晚點(diǎn) be scheduled to do被安排，定于 語(yǔ)法講解：將來(lái)時(shí)的表達(dá)法 (1).will/shall +動(dòng)詞原形，表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；或表示自然趨勢(shì)或非主語(yǔ)意志。Will還可以表示說(shuō)話當(dāng)時(shí)所做的打算 eg：Tomorrow will be Saturday. 自然趨勢(shì) We will/shall go to watch a football match this weekend.將來(lái)某時(shí) I will

20、/shall attend a meeting. 將來(lái)某時(shí) (2).be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形，表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事或即將發(fā)生或肯定要發(fā)生的事。 eg：I am going to America for my study. (3).be about to + 動(dòng)詞原形，表示事情或動(dòng)作馬上要發(fā)生,一般不和表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,但可以與when連用。 eg：We are about to start. (4).be to do 表示方案或安排要做某事,常表示職責(zé),義務(wù),意圖,約定,命令。還表示將來(lái)注定要發(fā)生的事情。 eg：The government is to begin the p

21、roject next month. 表將來(lái) No one is to leave the building. 表義務(wù) The committee is to meet today. (表示方案、安排) They said goodbye, little knowing they were never to meet again.(表注定發(fā)生(5).一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)，分兩種情形：1表示將來(lái)安排好或即將發(fā)生的事。語(yǔ)氣比現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)更肯定。 僅僅限于表示位移的動(dòng)詞，如arrive, come , go , leave , start , begin等；2用于狀語(yǔ)從句中。 eg：The next

22、train leaves at 9:15. /If you leave tomorrow, Ill see you off at the airport. (6).現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表達(dá)一般將來(lái)時(shí)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)對(duì)某事意做好了方案、安排，動(dòng)作不久后就要發(fā)生，常用于趨向動(dòng)詞go，come，leave，fly等。 eg：Were having a picnic tomorrow.課堂訓(xùn)練 一、根據(jù)句意以及首字母提示完成單詞 1.I think you dont know your own s_ . In fact, no one is perfect. 2.He is so s _that nobody can

23、 change his mind. 3.Do you know where the s _of the Changjiang River is? 4.We tried to p _him to give up smoking, but he just would not listen. 5.Though with great difficulty, I finished all my work f_ . 6.Excuse me, what is the f _to London? Is $5 enough? 7.The captain kept a j _when he was at sea.

24、 He wrote down everything that happened. 8.Your main d _ is your lack of job experience. 二、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子 1.He is planning his work _(進(jìn)度表) for the following week. 2.They took many pictures of the _ (瀑布) yesterday. 3.What is the _(海拔) of this mountain? 4.We are looking for someone who is _(可靠的) and hard-

25、working. 三、單項(xiàng)選擇 1.Don t mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may _ the shocking ending. A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off 2. I insisted that a doctor_ immediately. A. has been sent for B. sends for C. will be sent for D. be sent for 3.The professor _ his thoughts before gi

26、ving his lecture, so that he could make himself understood well. A. organized B. recognized C. realized D. advertised 4.The _ look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself. A. surprised B. puzzled C. excited D. determined5.His dream_ to China never _. A. of coming; came true B. to

27、 come; came true C. of coming; realized D. to come; was made true 6.One major _ of this area is that the public transport is not convenient. A. shortcoming B. disadvantage C. advantage D. feature 7.I know you are very _ ice-cream, but you will gain weight if you eat too much. A. fond of B. tired of

28、C. full of D. afraid of 8.After he graduated _ university, the man went to Canada and found a job there. A. in B. of C. from D. on 9.A teacher who is just interested in his teaching but doesnt _ students is not a good teacher. A. argue about B. discuss about C. dream about D. care about 10.During th

29、e period when he was in hospital, I _ him to give up smoking but he still smokes. A. persuaded B. advised C. thought D. suggested 11.John is very _if he promises to do something he'll do it. A. independent Bconfident Creliable Dflexible 12.I think the director's attitude _this program will d

30、ecide what we should do next. Afor Bof Cat Dtowards 13. - Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belt, The plane _. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off 14. It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began. A. while B. which C. that D. since 四、完形填空When Dave was eig

31、hteen, he bought a secondhand car for 200 so that he could travel to and from work more_1_ than by bus. It worked quite well for a few years, but then it got so old, and it was costing him _2_much in repairs that he decided that he had better _3_it. He asked among his friends to see if anyone was pa

32、rticularly_ 4_ to buy a cheap car, but they all knew that it was falling to pieces, so_5_ of them had any desire to buy it. Dave's friend Sam saw that he was _6_ when they met one evening, and said, “What's _7_, Dave? Dave told him, and Sam answered, “Well, what about advertising it in the p

33、aper? You may _8_more for it that way than the cost of the advertisement! Thinking that Sam's_9_was sensible(合理的),he put an advertisement in an evening paper, which read “For sale: small car, _10_ very little petrol, only two owners. Bargain at 50. For two days after the advertisement first appe

34、ared, there was no _11_.But then on Saturday evening he had an enquiry(詢問(wèn)).A man rang up and said he would like to_12_ him about the car. “All right, Dave said, feeling happy. He asked the man whether ten o'clock the next morning would be_13_or not. “Fine, the man said, “and I'll _14_my wife. We intend to go for a ride in it to _15_ it. The next morning, at a quarter to ten, Dave parked the car in the square outside his front door, _16_ to wait