必修3Unit1情態(tài)動(dòng)詞改

1、modal verbmodal verb情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表說(shuō)話人的某種感情情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表說(shuō)話人的某種感情或語(yǔ)氣，對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的或語(yǔ)氣，對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的某種態(tài)度。表示某種態(tài)度。表示“需要、可以、需要、可以、必須、應(yīng)當(dāng)必須、應(yīng)當(dāng)”等。等。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 ( modal verbs)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有一定的意義，但沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有一定的意義，但沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，不能獨(dú)立使用，它和后面的動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成變化，不能獨(dú)立使用，它和后面的動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)只作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的只作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的can/could, may/might, ought to， must可情態(tài)可實(shí)義的可情態(tài)可實(shí)義的need, dare可情態(tài)可助動(dòng)詞的

2、可情態(tài)可助動(dòng)詞的shall/should, will/would相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的have to, used to1) Some of us can use the computer now, but we couldnt last year.2) The new-built theatre can seat 1500 people.3) Can she be in the computer center?4) I thought what he said could not be true.5) Can/Could I use your dictionary?6) Could

3、you lend me a hand?1. 1.表能力表能力3. 表示表示“請(qǐng)求請(qǐng)求” “允許允許”(表請(qǐng)求時(shí)，口語(yǔ)中常用表請(qǐng)求時(shí)，口語(yǔ)中常用 could 代替代替 can 使語(yǔ)氣更委婉，回答時(shí)用使語(yǔ)氣更委婉，回答時(shí)用can)2. 表示推測(cè)表示推測(cè) “可能可能”，can只用于疑否句，只用于疑否句，could不限不限1. can 與與could4. 表示表示“許可許可”，可與，可與may 換用。換用。You can go home now.5. can 用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中時(shí)，表驚異、用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中時(shí)，表驚異、不相信等，意思是不相信等，意思是“可能、能夠可能、能夠”。How can you

4、 say that you really understand the wholestory if you have covered only part of the article?How can you be so selfish?6. can 用于陳述句，表用于陳述句，表“有時(shí)會(huì)有時(shí)會(huì)”“”“有些會(huì)有些會(huì)”。Boys can be beautiful and girls can be very naughty.Shanghai can be very cold in March.2. may 與與might1. 表示表示“許可許可”或或“請(qǐng)求請(qǐng)求”，有，有“可以可以”的意思，口語(yǔ)中的意思

5、，口語(yǔ)中 常用常用 might 代代 may ,表示委婉語(yǔ)氣。表示委婉語(yǔ)氣。 否定回答時(shí)用否定回答時(shí)用“must not”表表“禁止，阻止禁止，阻止”.Eg: - May I watch TV after supper? - Yes, you may. / No, you mustnt. 2. 表示可能性。表示可能性。 意為意為“或許，可能或許，可能” might 比比 may 可能性小。對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)猜測(cè)?？赡苄孕?。對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)猜測(cè)。Eg: 1) It might be true. 2) They may be in the library now.3) They may come here

6、tomorrow. may/ might as well + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 “還是還是的好的好”， “不妨不妨” Eg: You may as well go and have a look.4. May you +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 表表“希望、祝愿、祈求希望、祝愿、祈求” “祝你祝你”Eg: May you succeed.Make 2 sentences by yourselves with “may you”.3. must1. 表示義務(wù)或強(qiáng)烈的勸告，意為表示義務(wù)或強(qiáng)烈的勸告，意為“必須必須”“”“應(yīng)該應(yīng)該”， 其其否定式否定式表示表示“不應(yīng)該不應(yīng)該”“”“不許可不許可” “不準(zhǔn)不準(zhǔn)

7、”“”“禁止禁止”。Eg: 1) You must finish your homework first. 2) Children mustnt speak like that to their parents.2. 回答回答 must 所在的一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，否定回答用所在的一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，否定回答用 “neednt” “dont have to”.Eg: -Must we finish the work tomorrow? -No, you neednt/ dont have to, but you must finish it in three days.3. 對(duì)對(duì)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行推測(cè)，用于進(jìn)行推

8、測(cè)，用于肯定句，意為肯定句，意為“一定一定”“”“務(wù)必務(wù)必”。Eg: 1) Betty must be in the next room. 2) He must be watering the flowers in his garden. 4. 表不滿或指責(zé)，用于肯定句或疑問(wèn)句，意為表不滿或指責(zé)，用于肯定句或疑問(wèn)句，意為“非非得得”“”“必定會(huì)必定會(huì)”。1) If you must smoke, please go outside.2) My car must break down whenever Im in a hurry.3) Must you spit on the floor? Th

9、e toilet is so near!陷阱提示must: 1. mustnt只表示只表示“不可以，不許不可以，不許”； 不不表示表示猜測(cè)猜測(cè)“一定不會(huì)一定不會(huì)”！(cant) 2. must 只對(duì)只對(duì)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在表猜測(cè)表猜測(cè)，不，不對(duì)對(duì)將來(lái)將來(lái)猜測(cè)！猜測(cè)！can 表表猜測(cè)猜測(cè)只用于只用于疑問(wèn)句否定句中！疑問(wèn)句否定句中！ 用于用于陳述句陳述句表示的是：表示的是：有時(shí)會(huì)！有時(shí)會(huì)！may/might 1. 表表猜測(cè)猜測(cè)既可用于既可用于肯定句，肯定句， 也可用于也可用于否定句；否定句； 2. 可對(duì)可對(duì)將來(lái)將來(lái)猜測(cè)猜測(cè)真題演練真題演練1.-I dont really like James. Why did

10、 you invite him? -Dont worry. He _come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.(11北京）北京） A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might notD2. It _ be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock. (2011江西卷）江西卷） A. mustnt B. cant C. wont D. needntB3. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, b

11、ut it _ be rather cold sometimes.(08福建）福建） A. must B. can C. should D. would B3. I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it? （10江西）江西） A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will A3. will 與與would 1. 表表“請(qǐng)求、建議請(qǐng)求、建議”等，用等，用 would 比用比用will 委婉，客氣些委婉，客氣些Eg: 1)Will you lend me your book? 2) Would you like a cup of

12、tea?2. 用于表示意志或意愿。用于表示意志或意愿。 will 指現(xiàn)在，指現(xiàn)在， 而而 would 指指 過(guò)去。過(guò)去。Eg: 1) Ill never do that again. 2) They said that they would help us.wont 表示表示“不肯、不樂(lè)意不肯、不樂(lè)意”Eg: No matter what I said, he wont listen to me.3.表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。 譯作譯作 “總是、慣于總是、慣于” will 指現(xiàn)在，指現(xiàn)在， would 指過(guò)去。指過(guò)去。Eg: 1)He will often read all night.

13、 2) Every evening, she would sit by window, deep in thought.4. 表示功能，譯作表示功能，譯作“能、行能、行”Eg: 1) That will be all right. 2) This door wont open.4. should1. 用于表勸告、建議。用于表勸告、建議。 意為意為”應(yīng)該、應(yīng)當(dāng)應(yīng)該、應(yīng)當(dāng)”。Eg: You should keep your promise.2. 用于表推測(cè)。用于表推測(cè)。 意為意為 “可能、該可能、該”Eg: 1) Its 7 oclock. He should be at home. 2) Its

14、 7 oclock. He should be here at any time.聯(lián)想：聯(lián)想：suggest, order, require/request, insistmust & should1) The light is on. He _ be at home.2) It is 10 oclock. Mr. King _ be at the office.mustshould總結(jié)： must & should:1.推測(cè)的情境不同：should表示按常理推測(cè)；2.推測(cè)的時(shí)間不同。1. Youre using Iphone 5s! You _ have a lot of m

15、oney!2. When can you finish your design? It _ (be) ready before you need it.mustshould be5. shall 與與will1. shall 用與第一人稱連用，用在疑問(wèn)句中時(shí)，用與第一人稱連用，用在疑問(wèn)句中時(shí)， 表說(shuō)話人主動(dòng)提出做事，并征求聽(tīng)話者的允諾。表說(shuō)話人主動(dòng)提出做事，并征求聽(tīng)話者的允諾。 shall 與第三人稱連用，詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)；與第三人稱連用，詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)； will 與第二人稱連用，請(qǐng)求對(duì)方做事。與第二人稱連用，請(qǐng)求對(duì)方做事。 would 更客氣。更客氣。Eg: 1) Shall we begi

16、n our discussion? 2) Do you feel hot? Shall I turn on the AC? 3) Shall the driver wait? 4) Will you speak louder, please?2. shall的主語(yǔ)是第二、三人稱的陳述句，表示說(shuō)話人的主語(yǔ)是第二、三人稱的陳述句，表示說(shuō)話人 的允諾、警告、命令等語(yǔ)氣。的允諾、警告、命令等語(yǔ)氣。 Eg: 1)You shall get the book tomorrow. 2) He shall be punished. 3) You shall go with me. 允諾對(duì)方允諾對(duì)方警告警告命令

17、命令概括一下：shall表示說(shuō)話人意志的不可更改will 的主語(yǔ)是第一、二、三人稱的陳述句，表意愿的主語(yǔ)是第一、二、三人稱的陳述句，表意愿或承諾自己（將如何）。或承諾自己（將如何）。1） If you will come to my house，I will show you my new painting.2）-Please remember me to your family. -I will.3) Dont forget to bring your homework. -I wont. 1. It _ be the postman at the door. Its only six oc

18、lock. （2011江西卷）江西卷） A. mustnt B. cant C. wont D. neednt B 2. John promised his doctor he _ not smoke, and he has never smoked ever since. (08北京）北京） A. might B. should C. could D. would3. -I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month. -Dont worry. You _ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D. mayDB（2011上海春招）上海春招）Some young people these days just _ go out of their homes to contact the real world. A. mustnt B. wont C. mightnt D. sho