必修4 unit1language-points

1、She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education. 他幫助改善監(jiān)獄的條件，還為囚犯?jìng)兲峁┕ぷ骱褪芩麕椭纳票O(jiān)獄的條件，還為囚犯?jìng)兲峁┕ぷ骱褪芙逃臋C(jī)會(huì)。教育的機(jī)會(huì)。condition ：環(huán)境，境況，條件，是環(huán)境，境況，條件，是可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞 狀態(tài)，狀況狀態(tài)，狀況 是是不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞be in good condition 處于良好的狀態(tài)處于良好的狀態(tài)be out of condition 健康狀況不佳健康狀況不佳on condition that 如果，在如果，在條件下條件下Langua

2、ge points That bookstore would not accept returns even ones_(完好無損) He is overweight and_ (健康狀況欠佳) He can use the bicycle _ _(條件是明天必須歸還)be in good condition 處于良好的狀態(tài)處于良好的狀態(tài)be out of condition 健康狀況不佳健康狀況不佳on condition that 如果，在如果，在條件下條件下on no condition 絕不絕不in good conditionout of conditionon condition

3、(that) hereturns it tomorrowYou must on no condition tell them what happened.On no condition_ you tell them what happened.你絕不能告訴他們所發(fā)生的事。mustHe has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind. 2. She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. 她把她的一生全部奉獻(xiàn)給了中國(guó)婦女和兒她把她的一生全部奉獻(xiàn)給了中

4、國(guó)婦女和兒童醫(yī)療事業(yè)。童醫(yī)療事業(yè)。 devote oneself to (doing) sth =be devoted to doing sth 獻(xiàn)身，致力于獻(xiàn)身，致力于 Eg:他把一生都獻(xiàn)給了造福人類的事業(yè)。他把一生都獻(xiàn)給了造福人類的事業(yè)。 _ 3. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. behave (v) 舉動(dòng)，舉止，行為表現(xiàn)舉動(dòng)，舉止，行為表現(xiàn) behavior (n) 舉止，行為方式舉

5、止，行為方式 _舉止得體舉止得體 _行為不端行為不端 _守規(guī)矩守規(guī)矩behave wellbehave oneselfbehave badlybehaved badly (1) 她表現(xiàn)出了很大的勇氣她表現(xiàn)出了很大的勇氣. She _with great courage. (2) 他對(duì)顧客的態(tài)度不好他對(duì)顧客的態(tài)度不好. He _to the customers. (3)你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)舉止得體你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)舉止得體. You should_. (4) 你今天在晚會(huì)上守規(guī)矩了嗎你今天在晚會(huì)上守規(guī)矩了嗎? Did you _ at the party today? learn to behave wellbe

6、haved behave yourself 3.This means going back to a place where we left the chimp family sleeping in a tree the night before. leave+賓語賓語+doing “讓某人做某事讓某人做某事”keep, find, notice, have, feel, hear, see, leave.等動(dòng)詞后常用等動(dòng)詞后常用V-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。_我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那老太太躺在床上。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那老太太躺在床上。_不要讓她在外面雨中等待著。不要讓她在外面雨中等待著。We fou

7、nd the old lady lying in bed. Dont leave her waiting outside in the rain.umeandoing sth. 意味著意味著 to do sth. 打算做打算做1) To help them means helping yourself.2) She means to make everything clear to you.做這種事意味著浪費(fèi)時(shí)間做這種事意味著浪費(fèi)時(shí)間._你打算不帶錢去嗎你打算不帶錢去嗎?_Doing such a thing means wasting time.Do you mean to go witho

8、ut money?The light turned green and the cars began to move off. 5. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. 大家坐在樹蔭下等待著，這時(shí)猩猩們醒，大家坐在樹蔭下等待著，這時(shí)猩猩們醒，決定離開。決定離開。 move off 離開，啟程，出發(fā)離開，啟程，出發(fā) Eg: 綠燈亮了，車流開始移動(dòng)。綠燈亮了，車流開始移動(dòng)。_ shade(P2)(1)n.U蔭；陰涼處Chimps are

9、 fond of eating bananas in the shade.黑猩猩喜歡在陰涼處吃香蕉。I saw them playing cards in the shade of a tree.我看見他們?cè)跇涫a下打牌。歸納拓展in the shade在陰涼處under/ in the shade of a tree在樹蔭下 (2)vt.遮蔽，擋光She shaded her eyes against the sun.她遮住眼睛避免陽光直射。His impatience shaded into anger.他由不耐煩逐漸變成了憤怒。歸納拓展shade.from / against.使免受的照射

10、shade into漸漸與分辨不清，逐漸變成 易混辨析shade/shadowshade指任何遮住陽光的地方，指的是一個(gè)立體空間。shadow指因擋住光線而形成的陰影，指的是一個(gè)平面。 形象助記即境活用5用shade或shadow填空Lets sit in the _for a while.The_of the trees grew longer as the afternoon went on.In summer，the trees give some welcome_and we can feel cool.shadeshadowsshade6. However the evening m

11、akes it all worthwhile.1) worthwhile: adj. 值得值得(花精力、時(shí)間、花精力、時(shí)間、 金錢做金錢做) 的的2) worthful adj. 有價(jià)值的有價(jià)值的, 可貴的可貴的3) worthless adj. 沒有價(jià)值的沒有價(jià)值的, 無用的無用的, 無益的無益的4) worth: adj. 值得的值得的5) worthy: adj. 值得的值得的常用句型：常用句型：值得做某事值得做某事 It is worthwhile to do sth. be worth (doing ) sth. be worthy of being done, be worthy

12、to be done.Eg: 這個(gè)博物館這個(gè)博物館(非常非常)值得參觀。值得參觀。_It is worthwhile to visit the museum.It is worth visiting the museum.The museum is worthy of being visited.The museum is worthy to be visited. 即境活用 用worth，worthy或worthwhile填空 The research is_the time and effort that we have devoted to it. I think it_to read

13、the book. His behaviour is_of great praise. 答案：worthworthwhileworthy spend pay cost take 花費(fèi)花費(fèi)sb spend on sth in (doing) sthsb pay some money for sthsth cost sb some moneyIt takes sb to do sthHe _about a third of his salary indrinking.She _ 3000 dollars for the dress.The DVD _ her 150 yuan.It _ him t

14、en days to finished the work.spent paid cost took7. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. 2) observe (v) 觀察觀察; 遵守遵守, 順從順從; 舉行舉行(儀式等儀式等), 慶慶祝祝(節(jié)日等節(jié)日等) observation (n) observer ( n.) 觀察者觀察者; 遵守者遵守者 我們必須遵守交通規(guī)則。我們必須遵守交通規(guī)則。 We must _. 你們國(guó)家的人慶祝圣誕節(jié)嗎？你們國(guó)家的人慶祝圣誕節(jié)嗎？ Do you _ in your

15、country? observe用作用作被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)時(shí), 作主語補(bǔ)足語的不定式作主語補(bǔ)足語的不定式須帶須帶to。 sb be observed to do sth. 某人被發(fā)現(xiàn)做了某事。某人被發(fā)現(xiàn)做了某事。 Eg:有人注意到她走進(jìn)銀行。有人注意到她走進(jìn)銀行。_observe the traffic rulesobserve Christmas DayShe was observed to enter the bank.常見搭配：常見搭配：observe sb do sth 注意到某人做了某事注意到某人做了某事(表示表示動(dòng)作全過程動(dòng)作全過程)observe sb doing sth 注意到

16、某人正在做某事注意到某人正在做某事(表示表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)under observation 在觀察中在觀察中; 在監(jiān)視下在監(jiān)視下 溫馨提示：下列動(dòng)詞后的不定式在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中省略to；在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中不能省略to。一感：feel二聽：hear，listen to三讓：make，let，have四看：see，watch，observe，notice半幫助：help形象助記巧記“看”口訣看場(chǎng)電影要用see，讀書看報(bào)用read；電視、戲劇和比賽，凡是表演用watch；observe細(xì)觀察，一時(shí)注意notice。Though having lived abroad for years, many

17、 Chinese still _ the traditional customs. (湖北湖北 ) perform B. possess C. observe D. supportC點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 選選C。題意為：盡管在國(guó)外生活了這。題意為：盡管在國(guó)外生活了這么多年，許多中國(guó)人仍然遵循著傳統(tǒng)的風(fēng)么多年，許多中國(guó)人仍然遵循著傳統(tǒng)的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。俗習(xí)慣。observe在此句中意為在此句中意為“遵守、奉遵守、奉行（法律、協(xié)議或習(xí)俗等）行（法律、協(xié)議或習(xí)俗等）”。perform表表演、履行、執(zhí)行；演、履行、執(zhí)行；possess占有、擁有；占有、擁有；support支持、擁護(hù)。支持、擁護(hù)。8. Only afte

18、r her mother came to help her for the first few months was_she_allowed to begin her project.在她母親頭幾個(gè)月來幫忙后，她才得以開始自己的計(jì)劃。(P2)當(dāng)“only狀語”置于句首，對(duì)狀語進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，后面的句子必須用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)?！皁nly狀語”可細(xì)分為三種情況：(1)“only副詞”置于句首時(shí)Only then did he realize that he was not fit for the job.到那時(shí)他才意識(shí)到他不適合做這項(xiàng)工作。(2)“only介詞短語”置于句首時(shí)Only by practis

19、ing more can you improve your handwriting.只有經(jīng)過更多練習(xí)你的書法才能改進(jìn)。Only in this way can you improve your English.只有用這種方法你的英語水平才能提高。 (3)“only狀語從句”置于句首時(shí) Only when he returned did we find out the truth. 只有當(dāng)他回來時(shí)，我們才能查明事實(shí)真相。 Only he can answer the question. 只有他會(huì)回答這個(gè)問題。 溫馨提示：當(dāng)“only主語”置于句首時(shí)，不用倒裝。only+狀語狀語“+部分倒裝部分倒

20、裝只有這樣，我們才能學(xué)好英語。只有這樣，我們才能學(xué)好英語。Only in this way_.到那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到我的錯(cuò)誤。到那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到我的錯(cuò)誤。Only then _.did I realize my mistakescan we learn English better只有你了解我。只有你了解我。Only you _understand me.1.only after talking to two students_ I discover that having strong motivation was one of the biggest factor in reaching goal

21、s.2. _ interested in the ancient town did the visitors get that they decided to stay there for another few days3. Hardly_ I finished writing the composition _the bell rang.didsohadwhen11. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other and her study of their body language helped her work

22、out their social system.1) I cant work out the meaning of the poem. 2) Things have worked out badly.3) Work out his income.4) Work out a plan.(理解理解, 說出說出)(發(fā)展發(fā)展, 進(jìn)行進(jìn)行)( (算出算出) )( (制定制定, ,擬訂擬訂) )12. For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respe

23、ct the life of these animals.outspoken adj. 直言不諱的直言不諱的2) the rest of: 它之后可以接它之后可以接不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù) 名詞名詞,譯為譯為“其余的，剩下的其余的，剩下的”e.g. The rest of the money was given to his son.The rest of the apple was thrown away.3) respect (v) “尊重尊重; 尊敬尊敬” (n) “尊敬尊敬; 敬重敬重”。常見短語常見短語: show respect for 對(duì)對(duì)表示尊敬表示尊敬根據(jù)漢語提示根據(jù)

24、漢語提示, 完成完成下列句子。下列句子。1) All the students _ (尊敬尊敬) their history teacher.2) The professor is a specialist in the research of ancient literature and we all _ (對(duì)對(duì)表示尊敬表示尊敬) him.常見短語常見短語: show respect for 對(duì)對(duì)表示尊敬表示尊敬根據(jù)漢語提示根據(jù)漢語提示, 完成完成下列句子。下列句子。 All the students _ (尊敬尊敬) their history teacher.2) The profess

25、or is a specialist in the research of ancient literature and we all _ (對(duì)對(duì)表示尊敬表示尊敬) him.3) 他們十分尊重他的才能。他們十分尊重他的才能。_have respect for show respect forThey have a great respect for his ability.歸納拓展gain / lose sb.s respect贏得/失去某人的尊重/ 尊敬earn / win respect受到尊敬show / have respect for sb.尊重/ 尊敬某人in all respec

26、ts在各個(gè)方面give / send ones respect to sb.代某人問候某人 (3)n.(pl.)good wishes敬意，問候，祝愿give/send/offer sb.s respects to sb.give/send/offer sb.ones respects代某人向某人問好Give/Send/Offer your parents my respects.Give/Send/Offer my respects to your parents.代我向你父母問好。13. She has argued that wild animals should beleft in t

27、he wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.argue（v）爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)吵，爭(zhēng)辯）爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)吵，爭(zhēng)辯 argue +that從句從句argue with sb. about/over sth. 同某人辯論某事同某人辯論某事argue for 為為辯護(hù)辯護(hù)argue against 據(jù)理反對(duì)，爭(zhēng)辯據(jù)理反對(duì)，爭(zhēng)辯即境活用用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空He argued_his wife_ the best place for a holiday.I was argued_buying a necklace for my wife.He strong

28、ly argued_the plan to go for a picnic only because of the bad weather.答案：with；about/overintoagainst14. lead a life 表示表示“過著過著的生活的生活” _我的父母都退休了我的父母都退休了, 現(xiàn)在過著安靜的生活。現(xiàn)在過著安靜的生活。_ 導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致_ 帶路帶路My parents are retired and now lead a quiet life. lead tolead the way12. Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I

29、remember the chimps in laboratories. 我一旦停下來，所有的一切都會(huì)涌上心頭，我一旦停下來，所有的一切都會(huì)涌上心頭，我就會(huì)想起實(shí)驗(yàn)室里的黑猩猩。我就會(huì)想起實(shí)驗(yàn)室里的黑猩猩。once用作連詞時(shí)，意為用作連詞時(shí)，意為“一旦一旦就就”，用于用于連接時(shí)間狀語從句連接時(shí)間狀語從句。如：。如：水一開始沸騰，溫度就不再升高。水一開始沸騰，溫度就不再升高。 _一旦你開始讀一旦你開始讀, 你就會(huì)喜歡它。你就會(huì)喜歡它。 _Once water begins to boil, its temperature no longer rises.Once you begin to rea

30、d it, you will like it. 仿寫仿寫 一旦你開始讀一旦你開始讀, 你就會(huì)喜歡它。你就會(huì)喜歡它。 2. 一旦你開始了，就不要放棄。一旦你開始了，就不要放棄。3. 一旦染上壞習(xí)慣，想改掉就難了。一旦染上壞習(xí)慣，想改掉就難了。 Once you get into a bad habit, it is hard to get out of it.Once you begin to read it, you will like it. Once you start, never give it up.crowd in(on sb.)(想法、問題等)涌上心頭；涌入腦海(P2)Too m

31、any uncomfortable thoughts were crowding in on her.她心亂如麻。Good memories crowded in on me when I looked through the old photos.瀏覽那些舊照片時(shí)，美好的往事一齊涌上我的心頭。Memories came crowding into her mind.往事一齊涌上她的心頭。We all crowded around the stove to keep warm.我們都擠在爐邊取暖。This car accident drew a large crowd around the s

32、ite.這場(chǎng)車禍招來一大群人圍在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。A crowd of people crowded around the speaker.一群人聚集在演講者的周圍。歸納拓展crowd n.人群，觀眾a crowd of一群the crowd群眾；百姓crowd into ones mind / head(crowd in on sb.)涌上心頭，涌入腦海crowd in / into sp.涌入/ 擠進(jìn)某場(chǎng)所crowd around / round(sb./sth.)聚集在(某人/ 某物)周圍be crowded with擠滿了 即境活用完成句子事故的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)很快圍了一大群人。_ _ _ soon gath

33、ered at the scene of the accident.人們擠在事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的四周。People_ _the scene of the accident.答案：A big crowdcrowded round14. She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.她激勵(lì)著人們?yōu)閶D女們的成就而歡呼喝彩。她激勵(lì)著人們?yōu)閶D女們的成就而歡呼喝彩。 inspire （v）鼓舞；激發(fā)；其實(shí)）鼓舞；激發(fā)；其實(shí) inspiration （n）鼓舞，啟示，靈感）鼓舞，啟示，靈感inspiring（adj）令人鼓舞的）令人鼓舞的

34、 inspired（adj）受到鼓舞的）受到鼓舞的She was an _ to all of us.The president made an _ speech at the meeting yesterday.3. I am _ by this book. inspiringinspiredinspirationHe was an _ poet at that time andhis _ poems spread through all thecountry. inspired; inspired B. inspiring; inspiredC. inspired; inspiring D

35、. inspiring; inspiringD常用句型：常用句型：（1）inspire sb to do sth 激勵(lì)某人做某事。激勵(lì)某人做某事。例如：例如： _ 這首詩激勵(lì)他繼續(xù)工作。這首詩激勵(lì)他繼續(xù)工作。（2）inspire sb with courage 鼓起勇氣。鼓起勇氣。 例如：例如： _我的家人和朋友們使我鼓起勇氣面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)我的家人和朋友們使我鼓起勇氣面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí).The poem inspired him to go on his work .My family and friends inspired me with courage to face the fact.1. The a

36、greement strengthened the _ (聯(lián)系聯(lián)系) between the two countries.2. A bird lays eggs in the _ (巢巢) it has built.I. 根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示母或漢語提示, 寫出該單詞的正確形式。寫出該單詞的正確形式。bond(s)nest3. Their _ (舉止舉止) towards me shows that they do not like me.4. She had a happy _ (童童年年).5. Television provides

37、 knowledge as well as _ (娛樂娛樂).behaviourchildhoodentertainment6. She is so _ (直言的直言的) that she has hurt the feelings of all her friends.7. There are no trees or bushes to give s_ in this area, so it is very hot here.outspokenhade1. He finds it hard to train children to _ (behave) well at the table.2. It didnt seem _ (worthwhile) writing it all out again.3. The police have been _ (obse