《Module4GreatScientists(精)

1、Module 4 Great Scientists功Talking about numbers（談?wù)摂?shù)字）1.Revisionofthepassive voice（復(fù)習(xí) 被動(dòng)語 態(tài)）2.by+加g form（by+動(dòng)詞的zzg結(jié)構(gòu)）14. clear vi（煙霧）消散15. educate“教育education加教育educator n.教育家16. agriculturen.農(nóng)lkagricultural adj農(nóng)業(yè)的17.originaladj.最初的originn.起點(diǎn)，開端18. pn）ducer半產(chǎn)者一producE丸生產(chǎn)production兒產(chǎn)M：19. graduate vi.

2、畢業(yè)graduation n.畢業(yè)graduatc n.畢業(yè)生2Q.explode W爆炸explosion況爆炸，爆炸聲n3.publish w.出版4.supportW支持5.convert w.改變：轉(zhuǎn)換6.export vt. Ill口7.replace w.取代；以.代替8.quantity數(shù)ht9.diagnose vt.診斷I O.victim n.受害者11強(qiáng)皿/簡短的： 簡潔 的12,personal曲/個(gè)人的13,escape W.逃跑：逃避巫點(diǎn)詞匯及拓展名4.earn ones li惋ng謀生1.The key to doing sth.was/is to do sth.

3、做某事的關(guān)鍵是做2. Rice is the second most important crop.水稻是第二重要作物3.2/3 of the worlds population regularly eat rice世界人口 中有三分之二的人經(jīng)常吃大米。要點(diǎn)一單詞1. leadingadj.主要的，領(lǐng)先的歸納拓展(1 ) play a leading role/part in sth在某事中起主導(dǎo)作用(2 ) lead v:領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，帶領(lǐng)lead to通向，通往，導(dǎo)致lead aIife過. 的座活(3 ) leadern.領(lǐng)袖，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)G育當(dāng)尋勻網(wǎng)知識要點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)句型嚴(yán)AM.丄卍.5-come to p

4、ower鼻權(quán)6.bring來，引進(jìn)7.wel done做得好8.be known1 -bring up培養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育2.the重點(diǎn)短例句:The company is the leading software provider in the PCmarkets.這家公司是電腦市場上主要的軟件供應(yīng)商。The bank has offered a reward for any information leading tothe arrest of the men.銀行懸賞情報(bào)，以便將這些人繩之以法。We are leading a happy life now.我們現(xiàn)在過著幸福的生活。One need

5、s to work hard to realize his or her dream, as thesaying goesuHard work_ success11.A. lies inB. results fromCeads toD.begins with【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。lie in“在于”；resultfrom起因于.”，后面跟原因；lead to“専致；通往”；begin with11首先，起初”,句意為：一個(gè)人需要努 力工作來實(shí)現(xiàn)他/她的夢想,正如諺語所說的那樣“努力工 作通往成功”。根據(jù)題意，選0【答案】C2. supportv.支持；支撐，供養(yǎng)門.支持，支援；給予幫助歸納

6、拓展(1 ) support sb.in sth.在.方面支持某人support on靠支撐(2 ) in support后備的，準(zhǔn)備給予支援的in support of sb./sth.支持或支援某人/某事物come to ones support援助某人例句：We support the police whole-heartedly in their workagainst crime.我們?nèi)χС志酱驌舴缸锘顒?dòng)。She n eeds a high in come to support such a large family.她需要一份高收入來養(yǎng)活這么一大家子。Thank you for

7、 all your support at this difficult time.謝謝你們在這個(gè)困難時(shí)刻所給予的一切幫助。Mr Wang spoke in support of the proposal.王先生發(fā)言支持該項(xiàng)提議。育羞尋勻網(wǎng)知識要.知識要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】The proposal_ by a large majority of theteachers.A. was supportedB. was forC. was in favour of.supported【解析】句意為：這項(xiàng)提議得到了大多數(shù)老師的支持。 主語是theproposal,與support為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語 態(tài)，答

8、案為A。B、C項(xiàng)屬錯(cuò)誤用法?！敬鸢浮緼3. quantityn.量；數(shù)量歸納拓展(1 ) in quantity大量地a large/fair quantity of大量的large quantities of大量的；午多的(2 ) a quantity of后面跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù) 數(shù)；后面跟不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。large quantities of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞 用復(fù)數(shù)。G育旁尋勻網(wǎng)WWW肓旁尋勻網(wǎng)Aquantity of money has been spent in bringing up his children=Quantities of mo

9、ney have been spent in bringing up hischildren.他在教育孩子方面花了許多錢。A. number;hasB. qua ntity;hasC. nu mber;haveD. qua ntity;have【廨析】a large number of后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，不能選為答 案,故排除A、C項(xiàng)；a large quantity of可修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù) 數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，Ifs alotcheaper訐youbuyit inquantity.如果你大批量購買要便宜得多。desert是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞要填haSo綜上，選B?！敬鸢浮緽5. graduate門.（

10、大學(xué)）畢業(yè)生；研究生v.（使）（大學(xué)）畢 業(yè)歸納拓展（1 ） graduate from從.畢業(yè)graduate in畢業(yè)于（某專業(yè)）graduate （from sthjto.從（某處）升級到.（2） graduate school研究生院，研究生時(shí)期（3 ） graduation門.畢業(yè)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】The burglar_ the prison and_beingsenten ced.A.escaped; escapedB.escaped from; escapedC.escaped; escaped fromD.escaped from; escaped away【解析1 escape

11、from意為“從.中逃出來”；escapedoing意為“避免做，逃避做”。根據(jù)題意，選B.【答案】B肓去尋勻網(wǎng)6. clearadj.清楚的；顯然的；明白的 S掃除;清除;adv.清楚地；清晰地；完全地歸納拓展(1 ) make.clear講清楚，弄明白keep clear of不接觸，避開(2) clear away把. 清除掉，收拾clear off離去；迅速地離弄某地clear out除掉；整理clear up解釋；整理；(天)放晴例句:I made it clear to him that I rejected his proposal.我清楚地告訴他我拒絕了他的建議OBefore

12、you start your work youd better clear up your desk,and this will make you work effectivel y在你開始工作以前你最好把桌子收拾干凈這樣會使你工 作看效率。The father told his son to clear away the earth in the garden.父親告訴兒子把花園里的土運(yùn)走。WWW【鏈接訓(xùn)練】It has been raining for three dayshope_A. it will clean upB. it will clear upC. it to be clea

13、red upD. it to be cleaned up【解析】句意為：接連下了三天的雨了。我希望天能很 快放晴。clearupu天放晴”，符合題意。C項(xiàng)表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤;clean up“打掃干凈”，烏題意不符?！敬鸢浮緽G富旁尋勻網(wǎng)知識要點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)二短語1. earn ones living謀生歸納拓展earn a fortune掙大錢.make a/ones living謀生earn sb.praise/a reputation為某人贏得贊揚(yáng)/名聲例 句:He earned his liv/hg by singing on the street and got themoney from the p

14、assing people.他靠在街上唱歌從路過的人那里得到一些錢。The girl earned her living by writing to magazinesMF個(gè) 女孩靠給雜志寫稿子謀生。Her perfectionism earned her a reputation as a difficult star.她力求完美的勁頭給她帶來了 “難纏”明星的名聲。富圭尋勻網(wǎng)知識要.3. bring in招來，引進(jìn)，請進(jìn)；賺錢；收割莊稼歸納拓展bring along隨身攜帶bring on導(dǎo)致；促成；使. 發(fā)展/進(jìn)步bring forth生兀產(chǎn)生bring out使罷工，使顯現(xiàn)；闡明；出版

15、例 句：Researchers were brought in from all over China to developthe new system.全國各地的研究者們被召集在一起開發(fā)新的水稻品種。Farmers in thesouth have also brought in good crops.南方的農(nóng)民也獲得好收成。The fine weather is bringing the crops on nicely.這樣的好天氣使莊稼更加茁壯成長。G育羞尋勻網(wǎng)知識要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Advaneed ways of management must be_ tomake things bet

16、ter.A. brought downB. brought inC. brought onD. brought up【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意為：必須引進(jìn)先進(jìn)的 管理方式夜事情變得更好。bring in意為引進(jìn)”，與龜意相符。bring downu倒下，使落下”；bring onu導(dǎo)致, 促成”；bring upC培養(yǎng)，教育”。【答案】B【鏈接訓(xùn)練】After several years* research,scientists now have abetterunderstanding of the HIV.A. veryB. farC. fairlyD. quite【解析】從句子結(jié)構(gòu)可

17、看出使用了比較級，而四個(gè)選項(xiàng) 中只有far能修飾比較級，故答案為B?！敬鸢浮緽www.0 r *著.知識要點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)三句它的產(chǎn)量比巴基斯坦所種植的其他品種的水稻產(chǎn)童都要高得多.歸納拓展much修飾比較級，意為“得多”。常見的修飾比較級的詞還有：alittle,abit,alot,rather,byfar,far,even,still,a ny等。例句:ShespeaksEnglishfarbetterthanherclassmates.她講英語比她的同學(xué)好得多。Afterthefirstfailure,hestudiesevenhardernow.第一次 失敗后，他學(xué)習(xí)更加努力了。八、Jp口1.復(fù)

18、習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)（1）各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成例句:English is taught in most schools in China.中國大多數(shù)學(xué)校都教英語。（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）They were given a warm send oft他們受到熱烈的歡送。（一般過去時(shí)）Hm afraid I am being followed.恐怕我被人跟蹤了。（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）;肓旁宇勻網(wǎng)知識要點(diǎn)一般時(shí)態(tài)亠進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) 2完成時(shí)態(tài) Q現(xiàn)在 3am/is/are-H-1過去分詞 2分詞 Qhas/have-H- been+過去分詞亠過去 3was/were-H-1過去分詞 2was/w8re4being+過去分詞心had

19、+been-H-過去分詞心將來 QshalVwill+4- be+過去分詞心shall/will+1have been+過去分詞 9過去將來 ashould/wouldz be+過去分詞 ashouldJwould2have been+3去分詞 a;肓蚩宇勻網(wǎng)The case has recently been tried案子最近已經(jīng)審過了。（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）Their wedding will be held in the church.他們的婚禮將在教堂里舉行。（一般將來時(shí)）All the tickets had been sold out when they arrived.他們到達(dá)時(shí)，所有

20、的票已經(jīng)售完了。（過去完成時(shí)）不及物動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞吋，不能變被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例句：We study hard.我們勢力學(xué)習(xí)。動(dòng)詞have不論表示“有”，還是表示其他動(dòng)作，雖是 及物動(dòng)詞，用于主動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)可以帶賓語，但不可變?yōu)楸?動(dòng)語態(tài)。例句：We have three meals a day.我們一天吃三餐。join, lack, mean, resemble, suit等。 勻止匕才刖以的look like,consist of, become of, belong to等不可變?yōu)楸粍?dòng) 語態(tài)。例句:I think itll fit me quite well before long.我想它很

21、快就會適合我。4短語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：有些短語動(dòng)詞在意義上相當(dāng)于 及物動(dòng)詞，所以也有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。短語動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)申 是一個(gè)不可分割的詞組，在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中也是如此，不可 去掉后面的介詞或副詞。;肓蚩宇勻網(wǎng)例句:That old man was often laughed at.那位老人常受人嘲笑。例句:The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible.計(jì)劃必須盡快執(zhí)行。6帶雙賓語的動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：由其中一個(gè)賓語作主 語，常為表示人的間接賓語。例 句:He was given some books.Some books were gi

22、ven （to ） him.有人給了他一些書。7帶賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：由賓語作主語，原 來的賓語補(bǔ)足語變?yōu)橹髡Z補(bǔ)足語。彳列句：We elected him our monitor.我們選他當(dāng)我們的班長。He was elected our monitor by us.他被我們選為班長。8不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)句中的賓語如果是不帶to的不定式，在變成被動(dòng)句中 的主語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，to不能省去。例句:She heard him sing a song just now.He was heard to sing a song just now.她聽到他剛才唱了 一首歌。9被動(dòng)語態(tài)和“連系動(dòng)詞be+

23、表語（過去分詞）”的區(qū)別 被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示動(dòng)作，而連系動(dòng)詞be+表語（過去分詞）”表示狀態(tài)。例句：The door was locked by the monitor.門是班長鎖的。（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）The door was locked.離蚩宇勻網(wǎng)IT 1w . g k x x例吏要點(diǎn)G離圭宇勻網(wǎng)知識要點(diǎn)門鎖著。（連系動(dòng)詞+表語）www 0 r * ar .1知識要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Many new opportunities and challenges_ inthe future for those with a university education.A. are openB. have been

24、 openedC. are open upD. will be opened up【解析】句意為：對那些受過高等教育的人來說，將來 新的機(jī)會和挑戰(zhàn)是很多的。這是“動(dòng)詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，根 據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該用將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故選D。【答案】DO育蚩宇勻網(wǎng)r r ir g FJT;r 知識要點(diǎn)Thirty percent of Janes in come_ on clothingevery year.A. is spentB. had been spentC. is being spentD. has been spent【解析】句意為：簡每年收入的百分之三十都花在衣服 上。Janesincome與spend之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系；注意時(shí)間 狀語every year,所以購一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)?！敬鸢浮緼If Newt