高一英語-定語從句講解及練習-(ppt)講課教案

1、高一英語-定語從句講解及練習-(ppt)典型錯誤典型錯誤Thank you for the record that you gave it to me.()Thank you for the record that you gave me.()無論是關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞，都在定語從句中無論是關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞，都在定語從句中取代了先行詞，因此，先行詞在定語從句中不復(fù)取代了先行詞，因此，先行詞在定語從句中不復(fù)出現(xiàn)。出現(xiàn)。限制性定語從句限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句和先行詞的和先行詞的關(guān)系密切關(guān)系密切（刪去（刪去后影響整個句子意義的表達）后影響整個句子意義的表達）和先行詞和先行詞

2、關(guān)系不密切關(guān)系不密切（是一種補（是一種補充說明，刪掉后不影響整個意思充說明，刪掉后不影響整個意思的表達。）的表達。）不用逗號不用逗號分開分開一般一般使用逗號使用逗號分開分開可用關(guān)系代詞可用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)不可以用不可以用關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)可以可以省略省略（that, who, which在從句中擔當賓語時可以省在從句中擔當賓語時可以省略）略）不不可以可以省略省略可以替代（可以替代（whom作賓語時，作賓語時，可用可用who或或that替代）替代）不能替代不能替代只可以只可以修飾先行詞修飾先行詞，不可以，不可以修飾主句或主句的一部分修飾主句或主句的一部分修飾整個文句或文句的

3、一部分修飾整個文句或文句的一部分，此時定語從句前有逗號分開，只此時定語從句前有逗號分開，只能由能由which或或as引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)兩種定語從句在意義上的區(qū)別兩種定語從句在意義上的區(qū)別In their classes there are 15 students who can In their classes there are 15 students who can speak English well.speak English well.In their classes there are 15 students, who can In their classes there are 15 st

4、udents, who can speak English well.speak English well.She has two sons who are P.L.A. men.She has two sons who are P.L.A. men.She has two sons, who are P.L.A. men.She has two sons, who are P.L.A. men.不止個學(xué)生不止個學(xué)生只有個學(xué)生只有個學(xué)生不止兩個，其余的可能不當兵不止兩個，其余的可能不當兵只有兩個，都是解放軍只有兩個，都是解放軍先行詞是先行詞是one, anyone, those, he時宜用時

5、宜用who.Anyone who breaks the law shall be punished.Those who are against the plan put up your hands please.在非限制性定語從句中在非限制性定語從句中His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.（一）只用（一）只用whowho的情況的情況當先行詞與定語從句被其他詞所分隔時當先行詞與定語從句被其他詞所分隔時I met a foreigner in the street yesterday who could ask me que

6、stions in Chinese.在在there be開頭的句子中開頭的句子中There is an old man who wants to see you.一句中有兩個定語從句，前一個定語從句一句中有兩個定語從句，前一個定語從句的關(guān)系詞是的關(guān)系詞是that，另一個只用，另一個只用whoThe boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard.（二）只用（二）只用thatthat的情況的情況當先行詞是當先行詞是everything, anything, nothing, all, none, few,

7、 little，或當先行詞被，或當先行詞被every, any, some, no, little, few, much等詞修飾時等詞修飾時Is there any question thatthat troubles you much?當先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級當先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級, the only, the very, the last等詞修飾時等詞修飾時Is this the first time thatthat you have come to our city?Li ming is the only one thatthat got full marks in ou

8、r class.當先行詞是由人和物構(gòu)成的名詞詞組時當先行詞是由人和物構(gòu)成的名詞詞組時Do you know the things and persons thatthat they are talking about?主句是以主句是以who, which開頭的疑問句或先行詞是疑開頭的疑問句或先行詞是疑問代詞問代詞who時時:Which is the dictionary thatthat he used yesterday?5. 當先行詞在定語從句中作當先行詞在定語從句中作be表語時表語時Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.6注意

9、：注意：thatthat只能用在限制性定語從句中，非限制只能用在限制性定語從句中，非限制性定語從句中永遠不用性定語從句中永遠不用thatthat，介詞后也不能跟，介詞后也不能跟thatthat（三）（三）whosewhose的使用的使用 whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中作定語，中作定語，后面要緊跟被修飾的名詞后面要緊跟被修飾的名詞 There are some people whose faceswhose faces you can never forget. I saw some trees whose leaveswhose leaves were

10、 black because of the polluted air.the faces of whomthe leaves of which（四）只用（四）只用whichwhich的情況的情況非限制性定語從句中只用非限制性定語從句中只用which，不用，不用thatBeijing, whichwhich is the capital of China, is a very beautiful city.關(guān)系代詞緊跟在介詞或介詞短語之后，只關(guān)系代詞緊跟在介詞或介詞短語之后，只能用能用which或或 whom，不能用，不能用thatThis is the hotel in whichwhich

11、you will stay.This is the hotel which/ thatwhich/ that you will stay in.TipsTips1. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時,關(guān)系代詞可省略關(guān)系代詞可省略.eg. This is the house _ I visited.2. what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句不能引導(dǎo)定語從句;且且what = all thatI will do all that I can to help you.= I will do what I can to help you.which/that/不用不用3. one of + pl.

12、n. +關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 +動詞復(fù)數(shù)動詞復(fù)數(shù) the (only) one of +pl.n. +關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 +單數(shù)動詞單數(shù)動詞The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings _ _ (draw) lots of visitors. Titanic is the only one of the most wonderful movies _ _ (have be) produced in Hollywood.thatdrawthat has beenExerciseExercise 1 11. I can still remembe

13、r the sitting room in _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.2. A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan.3. Finally the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police.4. We visited a factory _ makes toys for children.5. The man _ you just talked to was a friend of mine. whichwhich

14、whosewhosethatthatthat/whichthat/whichwho(m)/thatwho(m)/that作作的賓語的賓語 6. Please pass me the dictionary _ cover is black. 7. Mr. White is one of the foreign experts _ are working in China. 8. Is this the museum _ you visited the other day? 9. This is the worker with _ my father worked. 10. To get the

15、job started, all _ I need is your permission.whosewhosewho/thatwho/thatthat/ whichthat/ whichwhomwhomthatthatExercise11. Is this the factory _ you have been to last year?A. which B. in which C. where D. the one 2. Is this factory _ you have been to last year?A. which B. in which C. where D. the one3

16、. Is Mr. Smith the person _ you know this?A. that B. whom C. from whom D. by whom4. I attended the meeting the importance _ I did not realize at that time.A. who B. of which C. which D. its ADCB5. Whats that _ flashed in the sky just now?A. which B. that C. who D. as6. This book is _ Im looking for.

17、A. that B. what C. which D. one7. This is the most interesting one _ I have ever read.A. which B. that C. of which D. in that8. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest.A. once they grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grewABBC關(guān)系副詞的用法關(guān)系副詞的用法關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞先行詞

18、先行詞功能功能使用范圍使用范圍when (= during/in/on which)表示表示時間時間的的名詞名詞作作時間時間狀語狀語限制性和非限制性和非限制性定語限制性定語從句從句where(=in/ at which)表示表示地點地點的的名詞名詞作作地點地點狀語狀語限制性和非限制性和非限制性定語限制性定語從句從句why(=for which)reason作作原因原因狀語狀語限制性定語限制性定語從句從句that/ whichthat/ which和和whenwhenDo you remember the days when we first spent together? ( )Do you

19、remember the days which/ that we first spent together? ( )析：先行詞是表示時間的名詞，定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞是用析：先行詞是表示時間的名詞，定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞是用關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”that/which”還是關(guān)系副詞還是關(guān)系副詞”when”，取決，取決于該先行詞在從句中充當主語、賓語還是時間狀語。在于該先行詞在從句中充當主語、賓語還是時間狀語。在這句中先行詞這句中先行詞the day在定語從句中作在定語從句中作spent的賓語，因的賓語，因此要用此要用that/whichthat/ whichthat/ which與與wherewhereIll

20、never forget the school where we visited last Sunday. ( )Ill never forget the school (that/ which) we visited last Sunday. ( )析：先行詞是表示地點的名詞，定語從句的引導(dǎo)析：先行詞是表示地點的名詞，定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞是用關(guān)系代詞詞是用關(guān)系代詞”that/which”還是關(guān)系副詞還是關(guān)系副詞”where”，取決于該先行詞在從句中充當主語、賓語還是地點取決于該先行詞在從句中充當主語、賓語還是地點狀語。在這句中先行詞狀語。在這句中先行詞the school在定語從句中作在定語從句

21、中作visited的賓語，因此要用的賓語，因此要用that/which.that/ whichthat/ which與與whywhyTell me the reason _ you are late .Is this the reason _ he told you?whywhythatthat先行詞是先行詞是reason時，定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞是關(guān)系時，定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞是關(guān)系代詞代詞thatwhich還是關(guān)系副詞還是關(guān)系副詞why，取決于該，取決于該先行詞在從句中的成分。句中先行詞在從句中的成分。句中reason在從句在從句中作原因狀語，句中中作原因狀語，句中reason在從句中作在從句中作te

22、ll的的賓語。賓語?！敖樵~+關(guān)系代詞”介詞的選擇：介詞的選擇：一般介詞與定語從句中的動詞是一種習慣性搭一般介詞與定語從句中的動詞是一種習慣性搭配配The person to whom I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在動詞的后面因此不能使用動詞的后面因此不能使用“介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)如：如：look for, look after, take care of.Is this the watch which he was loo

23、king for?Is this the watch which he was looking for? Is this the watch for which he was looking? (Is this the watch for which he was looking? () )Exercises 2Exercises 2 1. Do you still remember the day _ we first came to Tibet?A. which B. that C. when D. where 2. Is this the company _ all employees

24、are treated well?A. that B. which C. in that D. where3. This summer Ill return to the small village _ I grew up.A. which B. where C. that D. when4. Is that the reason _ you had a few days off?A. why B. when C. what D. whereCDBA5. The doctors and nurses did all _ they could to help those _ were infec

25、ted with SARS.A. which; which B. that; why C. that; who D. what; who6. Is there a restaurant around _ we can have something to eat?A. where B. that C. what D. why7. We came to the place _ they had never paid a visit before.A. to where B. to which C. that D. when8. He often helps the students _ he th

26、inks are not quick at their studies.A. whom B. when C. who D. whereCABCAs, whichAs, which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句aswhich例句例句引導(dǎo)的定語引導(dǎo)的定語從句既可以從句既可以放在主句前，放在主句前，也可以放在也可以放在主句后主句后引導(dǎo)的定語引導(dǎo)的定語從句，只能從句，只能放在主句之放在主句之后后He turned out to be very successful, which was more than we could expect.As is known to all, Edison

27、invented the telephone.=Edison invented the telephone, as is known to all.意為意為“正正如如”后面后面的謂語動詞的謂語動詞多是多是see, know, expect say, mention, report等等意為意為“這一這一點點”關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞as as引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句：引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句：(1) such + 名詞名詞/so + 形容詞形容詞 + 名詞名詞 + as “像像一樣的一樣的”、“像像之類之類” the same + 名詞名詞 + as “和和同樣的同樣的”Such peo

28、ple as you describe are thought to be fools nowadays. (as作賓語作賓語)He is not the same man as he was. (as作表語作表語)This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthat

29、asthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。(定語從句定語從句)這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句)This is the same pen as I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.這本書和我丟的那本一模一樣。這本書和我丟的那本一模一樣。這本書就是我丟的那本。這本書就是我丟的那本。定語從句中的謂語動詞與先行詞保持定語從句中的謂語動詞與先行詞保持一致的問題，完成下列句子。一致的問題，完成下列句子。1. 1. The Great Wall is one of the world-famous The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings that (draw/ draws) lots of visitors.buildings that (draw/ draws) lots of visitors.2. The Great Wall is the (only) one of the buildings 2. The Great Wall is the (only) one of the buildings on the earth that (is/are) see