句子結(jié)構(gòu)及從句

1、高中英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)及從句復(fù)習(xí) (2008-04-14 16:29:30)轉(zhuǎn)載標(biāo)簽： 高考 英語 名詞性從句 形容詞性從句 句子結(jié)構(gòu) 雜談 句子按結(jié)構(gòu)可分為簡單句, 并列句, 復(fù)合句基本句型（1）    簡單句主+ 謂+ ( 賓/ 間賓+直賓/ 賓+賓補 )He works.I bought a book.My father bought me a cell phone.Tom made them laugh.主+ 系 + 表She is a student（2）復(fù)合句 (主語從

2、句,表語從句, 賓語從句, 定語從句, 同位語從句,狀語從句)主句 連詞 從句連詞 從句 ，主句(3)   并列句 (and, or , but等并列連詞或分號破折號把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起的結(jié)構(gòu))句1 連詞 句2I learn English and he learns Chinese.The students are bright; the teachers work hard. 基本概念（1）有主語、有謂語方可稱為句子，否則為短語。（2）主句和從句必須有連接詞銜接。連接句可在兩個句子中間，亦可放置于句首。l從句（一）主語從句(由that w

3、hether, what, whatever, who, whoever, when, whenever, how, why 引導(dǎo).)Whoever leaves the office should tell me.What he said at the meeting is important.1、主語從句的位置:That light travels in straight lines is known to all.  /  It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.When th

4、e plane is to take off has not been announced.  /  It has not been announced when the plane is to take off.What he wants is a book.                         

5、;    Has it been settled who will be sent to carry out the task?2、it作形式主語的主語從句結(jié)構(gòu)：It is + 名詞詞組 + 從句It is a fact/question that               It is good news that       

6、0;     It is common knowledge that(常識)It is + 形容詞 + 從句It is necessary/ clear/ (un)likely/ important that.It is + 過去分詞 + 從句It is said/ reported that                It has been proved that 

7、60;          It must be pointed out thatIt is + 不及物動詞 + 從句It seems that好象是     It happened that碰巧   It follows that由此可見    It has turned out that 結(jié)果是 *it引導(dǎo)的強調(diào)句,分析如:   Joh

8、n bought a toy plane for his son yesterday.主 語        賓 語    狀 語    狀 語It was John that (who) bought a toy plane for his son yesterday.  強調(diào)主語It was a toy plane that John bought for his son yesterday.  

9、;     強調(diào)賓語It was for his son that John bought a toy plane yesterday.       強調(diào)目的狀語It was yesterday that John bought a toy plane for his son.       強調(diào)時間狀語 （二）賓語從句(由that  if , whether, what, wh

10、atever, who, whoever, when, whenever, how, why 引導(dǎo).)1、作動詞的賓語：       He wondered how the pyramids were built.                She told me where she lived.2、作介詞的賓語：    &

11、#160; This depends on how hard you work.             Is there anything wrong in what I said?3、作形容詞的賓語： They are confident that they can do it well.  Im not certain whether(if) they will arrive on time.4、賓語從句注意點：形式賓語it：&#

12、160;            He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.否定前移：  I dont think he has time to play chess with you.              I dont suppose

13、it is the rush hour yet.插入語語序：When (do you think) John will arrive?              Who (do you believe) will be given the prize?*肯定: I think so.     I hope so.        

14、       否定: I dont think so.       I hope not.      Im afraid not. （三）表語從句(由that  whether, what, whatever, who, whoever, when, whenever, how, why 引導(dǎo).)My idea is that this plan should be

15、carried out immediately.                 It looks that (as if) it is going to rain.That is why we called off the meeting.               

16、0;                   This is how we did it.The reason (why) he was late was that he missed the bus.他遲到的原因是誤了車。（四）同位語從句（功能：加以闡明、解釋）(只以that作引導(dǎo)詞)I have no idea when he will return.    

17、0;     They are faced with the problem whether they should continue the work. （五）定語從句（功能：進行修飾和限定）(由that, which, who, whom, where, when, whose, whyThe man whom (that) you saw just now is our manager.            

18、Is there anyone here whose name is Wang Lin?The building whose roof we can see from here is a supermarket. *當(dāng)先行詞是all, everything, something, nothing等不定代詞, 或被first, last, only, few, much, some, any, no以及形容詞最高級等詞修飾時, 應(yīng)該用關(guān)系代詞that，不用 which。I am interested in all that you have told me.  &#

19、160; He asked for the best book that there was on the subject.*當(dāng)并列的兩個先行詞分別表示人和物時，要用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句。We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited there. The reason that (=why) you were absent is groundless.          

20、;   I dont like the way (that) (=in which) he talks.This was the second time that I had seen the film.                     This is the same watch as (that) I have lost.No one will

21、believe such stories as he told.                            He works in the same shop as (that) I do.限定性: I want to buy the house which (=that) has a garden.

22、60; 非限定性: I want to buy the house, which (that) has a garden. This is the place where (=in which) I spent my childhood.            This is the place which I visited last summer.The first person who opens that door will get a shock

23、.          Those who will go to tomorrows show will have to come this afternoon to get their ticket (六) 狀語從句時間狀語從句(when, as, while, as soon as, no sooner than, hardly when, since, before, after, till (until) )I will tell her the news as soon as

24、I see her.When I was young, I went to the town myself.I was doing my homework while my brother was playing games.He smiled as he left me. 2) 地點狀語從句(whre, wherever)Go where you want.Wherever there is smoke, there is fire. ( no matter where)3)原因狀語從句(because, since, as, for, now that)Because (因為)表

25、示的是直接的理由,for(因為)表示推斷的理由, since (既然)和as(由于)表原因時常放在句首.He is disappointed because he failed again.The day breaks because the sun is rising. (必然的因果關(guān)系)The day breaks, for the birds are singing.(不是直接的原因,而是推斷的結(jié)果)Since everyboday is here. Lets begin.As you request it, I will come.4)條件狀語從句(if(假如,如果), unless(除非),If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.I wll not go unless I hear from him.= I wont go if I dont hear from him.5) 目的, 結(jié)果狀語從句目的( that, so that, sothat, in order that)結(jié)果( so that, so that, such that, so many/muchthat)I will run slowly so that you can catch up with me. (目的)I