名師整理最新中考英語新冠專題重要詞匯及閱讀理解考點(diǎn)精練含答案

1、2020新型冠狀病毒英語必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)重點(diǎn)詞匯新型冠狀病毒：novelcoronavirus(2019-nCoV)/k?,r?un?vai?r?s/肺炎：pneumonia/nju?m?ni?/新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎：pneumoniacausedbythenovelcoronavirus/novelcoronavirus-causedpneumonia感染：beinfectedwith確診病例：confirmedcase疑似病例：suspectedcase重癥患者：patientincriticalcondition病死率：fatalityrate密切接觸者：closecontact接受醫(yī)學(xué)

2、觀察：beundermedicalobservation隔離：quarantine/?kw?r?nti?/解除隔離：bedischarged潛伏期：incubation/?kju?be?n/period老年人：elderlypeople治愈：aIreadycured人傳人：human-to-humantransmission飛沫傳播：droplet/?dr?pl?t/transmission發(fā)熱、咳嗽、呼吸困難：fever,coughanddifficultyinbreathing急性呼吸道感染病狀：acute/?kju2/respiratory/r?sp?r?tri/infectionsym

3、ptom輸入性病例：importedcase*輸入性病例：指來自疫情流行區(qū)的病例，也稱一代病例二代病例：secondaryinfectioncase*二代病例：指被一代病例感染的本土病人隱性感染：asymptomatic/?e?s?mpt?m?t?k/infection*隱性感染：指感染了病毒，但無明顯癥狀的病例疫情防控：epidemic/?ep?dem?k/preventionandcontrol口罩：(face)mask體溫計(jì)：thermometer防護(hù)®:protectiveclothing/suits護(hù)目鏡：goggles一次性手套：disposablegloves醫(yī)學(xué)檢查：

4、medicalinspectionmedicalsupplies疫苗：vaccine國際關(guān)注的突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件：PublicHealthEmergencyofInternationalConcern(PHEIC)封城：thelockdownofacity/acityisonlockdown應(yīng)急醫(yī)院：makeshifthospital重大突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件一級(jí)響應(yīng)：first-levelpublichealthemergencyresponse國家衛(wèi)生健康委員會(huì)：NationalHealthCommission(NHC)衛(wèi)生主管部門：healthauthorities相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)1. “冠狀病毒”與

5、“新型冠狀病毒”英文怎么說？coronavirus/k?ron?va?r?s/冠狀病毒這個(gè)詞，可分解為兩部分：corona:冠狀物(我們所說的“日冕”與“光圈”，也是這個(gè)詞)virus:病毒【例句11Nowthefatalinfectiousdiseasecausedby"Coronavirus"iscalledas"ChinesePneumonia"現(xiàn)在，由于“冠狀病毒”所引起的致命性傳染病，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上被稱之為“中國肺【例句2】Beforethisoutbreak,sixcoronaviruseshadbeenidentifiedinhumans.Fou

6、rcausedrelativelymildcold-likesymptomswhiletheothertwo,SarsandMiddleEastrespiratorysyndrome（Mers）,canbefatal.此次疫情爆發(fā)之前，已知的人類冠狀病毒有6種。四種引起相對(duì)輕度的類似感冒癥狀，而另外兩種一一非典和中東呼吸綜合征（MERS）-可能致命。2. “新型冠狀病毒”英文怎么說？“新型冠狀病毒”的英文是novelcoronavirus這里的novel不是“小說”而是一個(gè)形容詞，表示“新型的”比如anovelfeature（新特性）3. 其他常用詞匯解析fatal/?fe?tl/:a.致命的

7、；毀滅性的；災(zāi)難性的（對(duì)于目前的狀況來看，這的確是很喪的一個(gè)詞兒?。?#169;infectiousdisease/?n?fek?sd?zi2/:傳染病infectious/?n?fek?s/：a.傳染的由infect（v.傳染；感染）+ious（形容詞后綴）構(gòu)成）+fect（做）構(gòu)成infect/?n?fekt/：v.傳染；感染由in（進(jìn)入，使咱可以想一下兒：傳染或感染，不正是有害物質(zhì)或病毒，侵入體內(nèi)，對(duì)健康的肌體做壞事兒進(jìn)行破壞嗎？infection/?n?fek?n/：n.傳染由infect+-ion（名詞后綴）構(gòu)成pneumonia/nu?md?n?/n.肺炎這個(gè)詞，是由pneumon

8、-（肺）+-ia（疾病名詞后綴）構(gòu)成4.冠狀病毒的傳播途徑theairbycoughingandsneezing經(jīng)由空氣傳播，比如咳嗽、打噴嚏closepersonalcontact,suchastouchingorshakinghands通過人與人之間的近距離接觸傳播，比如觸摸或者握手touchinganobjectorsurfacewiththevirus通過觸摸物品或感染病毒的用品表面?zhèn)鞑?，原因在于沒洗手就觸摸嘴、鼻和眼睛rarely,fecalcontamination比較少見的，是通過糞便傳染5、如何預(yù)防“冠狀病毒” Cleanhandswithsoapandwateroralcoh

9、ol-basedhandrub.用月巴皂或者用含酒精的洗手液洗手。 Covernoseandmouthwhencoughingandsneezingwithtissueorflexedelbow.咳嗽或打噴嚏時(shí)，用面巾紙或屈肘捂住口鼻。5避免跟有感冒或避免在未加防護(hù)的情況 Avoidclosecontactwithanyonewithcoldorflu-likesymptoms.流感癥狀的人密切接觸Thoroughlycookmeatandeggs.將肉類和雞蛋徹底煮熟。Avoidunprotectedcontactwithlivewildorfarmanimals.下接觸野生動(dòng)物或家畜。一、

10、完形填空（10小題，每小題1分，共10分）先通讀短文，掌握其大意，然后從ABC、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)可以填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳答案Asthesayinggoes,“Aheroisknowninthetimeofmisfortune（不幸）”.Zhong6Nanshanisaherolikethis.HeisadoctorinGuangdong,who1manypeople'slivesin2003.In2003,SARS2inGuangdong.Later,itspreadacrossChinaandotherpartsoftheworld.Patientscoughedalotandg

11、otfevers.Hundredsof3evendiedfromthedisease.EvenmanydoctorsandnursesgotSARSwhentheytreatedpatients.Soeveryonewasafraidofit.ButZhongwas4enoughtofightthedisease.Zhongspentdaysandnightstofindthecause5thedisease.Andwithhiswayoftreating,manypatientsbegantogetbetter.Zhongfinallywonpeople'strust.Inearly

12、2020,adiseasecalledNovelcoronaviruspneumonia（新型冠狀病毒肺炎）hitWuhan.Itspread6aroundtensofthousandsofChinesepeoplewereinfected（感染）.Zhong,84,led7teamtoWuhantofightthe川ness.Zhong'steamtookmanymeasurestocurethepatientswithNovelcoronaviruspneumonia.Headvisedpeopletowearmasks,8handsfrequently（頻繁地）,stayatho

13、meandnottogotocrowedplaces.Zhonglikessportsverymuch.9hewas67,hecouldstillplaybasketball.Nowattheageof84,Zhongstilltreatspatientsinthehospitaland10youngdoctors.“Iamjustadoctor."Zhongsays.Butwethinkheisaheroandafighter.1.A.helpedB.savedC.likedD.influenced2.A.tookoutB.foundoutC. gaveoutD. brokeout

14、3.A.patientsB.adults4.A.kindB.poorsilent5.A.withB.toD.in6.A.quicklyB.slowlyckily7.A.myB.hisD.their8.A.weighB.polluteash9.A.WhenB.Although10.A.thinksB.trustsC.animalsD.birdsC.braveD.C.ofC.safelyD.luC.herC.shakeD.wC.UnlessD.BecauseC.teachesD.asks、閱讀理解閱讀下文，從每小題所給的AB、GD四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。InlateJanuary,adonat

15、ionofmasksandthermometersfromtheJapanYouthDevelopmentAssociationinTokyotoHubeiProvincecausedastironChinesesocialmedia.Thiswasbecauseofthepowerfulpoeticmessagewrittenoneachbox:“山異域，風(fēng)月同天。”.Itliterallytranslatesto“Mountainsandriversonforeignlandwindandmoonunderthesamesky."orofficially,“Landsapart,

16、skyshared“Besidestheheartfeltregardandtheelegantlanguage,thequotealsoalludedasignificantmomentinthehistoryofculturalexchangebetweenthetwocountries.ThelinecomesfromaseventhcenturyBuddhisthymnbyprinceNagaya,apoliticianfromtheNaraperiod(710-794)ofJapan,titled“EmbroideredonKasayaRobesforgoodKarma”:Lands

17、apart,skyshared.ForthedisciplesofBuddha,tonurturegoodkarma.Thehymnwasembroideredon1,000BuddhistrobeswhichPrinceNagayahadmadeandsenttotheTangcourtinChina.It'sapartofhisinvitationforChineseBuddhistmonkstovisitJapan.ThepoemwasalsoIncludedIntheCompleteTangPoems.thelargestexistingcollectionofTangpoet

18、ry.InspiredbythePrince'shymn,Jianzhen,decidedtogoonavoyagetoJapan.Aftersixattemptsandthelossofhiseyesight,Jianzhenfinallyarrived,andmadeasignificantcontributiontothespreadofBuddhisminJapan.Thereferencedoesnotonlyinvokesharedhistory,butalsomutualappreciationforancientpoetryintheChineselanguage.Ma

19、nyinchinaweretouchedbythepoeticexpressionofsupportfromJapanesecitizensduringtheCOVID-19outbreak.1、Whydidthedonationcauseastir?ABecauseitcamefromJapanB、BecauseitwasdonatedtoHubeiprovinceCBecauseofthepoeticmessageonboxes。D>Becauseitwasfromchina。2、“Landsapart,skyshared."expressesalotEXCEPTAtheh

20、eartfeltregardB、theelegantlanguage10C、thesignificantmomentinthehistoryDJapan'sloveforChineseculture3、Whowrotethepoem"EmbroideredonKasayaRobesforGoodKarma"?AApoetfromChinaB、ApoetofJapanC、AmonkfromChinaD|ApoliticianofJapan4、Whatdoes“thereference"refertointhelastparagraph?AForthedisc

21、iplesofbuddhatonurturegoodkarma.B、TheCompleteTangPoems.C、ThelargestexistingcollectionofTangpoetry.DLandsapart,skyshared.5、WhatcanweknowfromParagraph4andv5?AThepoemwasembroideredon10,000BuddhistrobesB、JianzhenwasinspiredbytheprinceshymnanddecidedtobeatravelerC、Thepoemwasincludedinthelargestexistingco

22、llectionofTangpoetry.DAftersixattemptsandthelossofhishearing,JianzhenfinallyarrivedinJapan.11、完形填空（10小題，每小題1分，共10分）先通讀短文，掌握其大意，然后從A、RC、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)可以填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳答案疫情逐漸好轉(zhuǎn)，離不開國家研發(fā)和使用的一些高科技設(shè)備。比如可以送餐的機(jī)器人，遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)，AI診斷系統(tǒng)等等，它們?cè)谶@場艱苦的戰(zhàn)役中起到了很重要的作用。Doctorsdiagnose（診斷）patientsonline.Robotshelptosendfoodto_1_.Drones（

23、無人機(jī)）moMtorpeopleincrowds.Weareusingnewwaystofightthenovelcoronavirus.Theyaresafe.Theycanhelppeople_2_incontactwitheachother.Let'smeetthesehigh-techhelpers!12TelemedicinesystemWithremotevideosystem,doctorscandiagnosepatientswithoutseeingtheminperson.Also,doctorsfromdifferenthospitalscanhaveameeti

24、ngbyusingthesystem_3_.Thissavesalotoftime.BothHuoshenshanandLeishenshanhospitalshavethissystem.DroneswarnpeopleingroupsInsomeruralplaces,policeusedronestomonitorpeopleingroups.Whenthedrone_4_biggroupsofpeople,policewillwarnthemthroughtheloudspeakeronthedrone.Insomeplaces,peoplealsousedronestodisinfe

25、ct（消毒）their_5_.3D"hospital”AcompanyinShanghai_6_15roomsbyusing3Dtechnology.TheysenttheroomstoHubeiforpatientstolivein.Eachroomisaboutthe_7_ofyourbedroom.A3Dprintertakes24hourstobuildtherooms.AIsystemcheckforfeverAttheMudanyuansubwaystationinBeijing,anAIsystemcancheckpeopleincrowdstosee_8_theyha

26、vefevers.Whenpeople_9_,thesystemscanspeople'sfaces.Thesystem13cancheckabout300peopleinoneminute.SmartrobotsTimetoeat!Insomehospitals,smartrobotshelptodeliverfoodtopatients.Therobotscanalsohelpto_10_medicineandshowthewaytopeople.1、A.consumersB.customersC.patients2、A.avoidB.keepC.develop3、A.allthe

27、timeB.attimesC.atthesametime4、A.imaginesB.findsC.records5、A.relativesB.handsC.communities6、A.builtB.producedC.printed7、A.sizeB.shapeC.pattern8、A.thatB.ifC.why9、A.passbyB.passawayC.passdown10、A.handinB.handonC.handout四、閱讀理解閱讀下文，從每小題所給的A、RC、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)14TheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）hasdeclared（宣布

28、）thenewcoronavirus（冠狀病毒）outbreakaglobalpublichealthemergencyafterthespreadofthediseaseacrosstheworld.WHOnadethedecisioninitsthirdmeetingaboutthecoronavirus,afteritdecidednottotakesuchastepinthefirsttwomeetings.OfficiallycalledaPublicHealthEmergencyofInternationalConcern（PHEIC）,itisconsideredtobeapub

29、lichealthriskthroughtheinternationalspreadofdisease.Itsuggestsaserious,suddenandunusualsituationinwhichtheworldmustactquickly.Since2009,therehavebeenafewglobalhealthemergencies,includingthe2009swineflupandemic（豬流感）andthe2014outbreakofebolainWestAfrica.Thenewcoronavirushasgotattentionbecauseofitssimi

30、laritytoSARSwhichkilledabout800peopleacrosstheworldin2002-2003.Sofar,thenewcoronavirusdoesnotseemtobeasdeadlyasSARS,buttherehavebeenmorecases.Itsdeclarationcouldcausetradeandtravelrestrictions（限制）.Thosewhohavemadeholidayplansmighthavetheirplansaffected（受影響的）insomepartsoftheworld.TheWHQaiditsgreatest

31、worrywasthepotential（潛在性）forthevirustospreadtocountrieswithweakerhealthsystems,whomightnotbeabletohandle（處理）it.“Weareallinthistogetherandwecanonlystopittogether,“saidtheWHOsDirectorGeneral,TedrosAdhanomGhebreyesus.1. Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“takesuchastep"meaninthefirstparagraph?15A. Spreadt

32、hecoronavirusacrosstheworld.B. Declarethecoronavirusaglobalpublichealthemergency.C. Holdthethirdmeetingaboutthecoronavirus.D. Restricttradeandtravelacrosstheworld.2. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A. The2009swineflupandemicwasaglobalpublichealthemergency.B. SARSkilledabout800peopleacrosstheworl

33、din2009.C. ThenewcoronavirushasfewcasesthanSARS.D. Thespreadofthecoronavirushasnorisk.3. Whatcouldthedeclarationofglobalpublichealthemergencycause?A. Biggeroutbreakofthecoronavirus.B. Tradeandtravelrestrictions.C. Aweakerhealthsystem.D. Immediatestopofthecoronavirus.五、語篇填空(10小題，每小題1分，共10分)閱讀短文，從方框中選

34、擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。work,when,see,try,appear,trouble,all,neighbor,begin,theyYanoKoji,anactorfromJapan,isnostrangertoChinesepeople.Theactorhas(1)onmanyChineseTVshows.ThisJanuary,whenhelearnedthatthenovel16coronavirus(新型冠狀病毒)hitChinahard,hedecidedtodosomethingtohelpChinesepeople.He

35、was(2)inJapanthenandhegot130,000masks(口罩)withthehelpofhisfriends.Thenhedonated(捐贈(zèng))(3)thesemaskstoWuhan,theworst-hitcityinChina.Later,YanogotmanythankfulmessagesfromChinesepeople.“IjustdidwhatIshoulddo.I(4)workinginChinain2000.DuringthoseyearsIworkedthere,IgothelpandencouragementfrommanyChinesepeople

36、.Becauseof(5),IamwhereIamtoday.I'mthankfultoChinaandtheChinesepeople,"hesaid.“IfeelsadseeingChinainsuch(6).ItmakesmehappytodoanythingIcantomakemyChinesefriendshappy.”Yanowasalsoglad(7)thatmanyotherJapanesepeoplehadtouchedtheChinesewiththeirtimelyhelpandkindwords.“Wetwocountriesare(8)andshou

37、ldhelpeachother.(9)wehaddifficulties,wegothelpfromtheChineseaswell."hesaid.TalkingaboutWuhan,Yanosaid,“Itraveledtheretoworkandstayedforaboutaweek.I(10)thefoodtherewhichwasreallydelicious.Whenthebadtimesareover,Iwillcertainlygothereagain.”六、語篇填空(10小題，每小題1分，共10分)閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完

38、整。每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。17do,health,lock,attention,forget,they,support,brave,fun,heroWuhanisthecapitalcityofHubei.Itisabeautiful,largeandveryimportantcityinChina.DuringthisSpringFestival,thecityreceivedtonsof(1)becauseanovelcoronavirus(新型冠狀病毒)appearedthereandspreadaroundthecountry.SeveraldaysbeforetheSpring

39、Festival,Wuhanwas(2)andthecitybecamequietandstill.However,abigfightwasgoingonthere.Itwasthefightagainstthenovelcoronavirus.Thedoctorsandnursestherebecame(3)warriors(勇士)inmasks(口罩)，glassesandprotectivesuits.Theywereracingagainsttheclock.Lotsof(4)hadtoworkovertenhourseveryday,drinkinglittleornowater.T

40、heyriskedtheir(5)andevenlivestotreatthepatients.Insuchcases,almostnoonesteppedbackorgaveup.ThousandsofdoctorsandnursesfromothercitiesandprovincesinChinawenttoWuhan(6)them.Thereisnodoubtthattheywereall(7)inthefight.Besidesdoctorsandnurses,everyoneinourcountrywas(8)theirownpartinthefightagainstthenove

41、lcoronavirus.ThisSpringFestivalwasnotas(9)asitusuallyis.Itevenbroughtustotearsmanytimes.However,wewillnever(10)thosedifficultdays,notonlyfortheawfulvirus,butalsofortheeffortswemadetogetherandthelessonswelearned.18七、語篇填空（10小題，每小題1分，共10分）閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。Whothatillfill

42、cityrecordbefromwhetherprovideUSGovernmentWearegroupofconcerned1fromWUHAN.Wearewondering2thecurrentnewvirus（病毒）COVID-19,whichisseverelyjeopardizing（嚴(yán)重危害）theworld,originallyoriginated（最初起源）3Wuhan.SomeU.S.military（軍隊(duì)的）athletes（運(yùn)動(dòng)員）whoparticipated（參加）inWuhanMilitaryWorldGame2019inOctoberlastyeargottrea

43、tmentbecauseofillnessinourhospital.Wearewonderingiftheirhealthand4arerelatedtothesubsequent（隨后的）outbreakinWuhan.Astheresidents（居民）ofWuhan5werethefirstvictims（受害者）oftheepidemic（流行?。?wehereby（特止匕）askyourgovernment:19I.Pleaseprovidethe6listofUSathletesandlogistics（后勤）personnelparticipatingintheWuhanMil

44、itaryGameslastyear,andtheirphysicalhealth7beforeandaftertheGame.2.Inparticular,please8thephysicalconditionrecordsof9USpersonnel（全體人員）who10admittedtotheemergency（突發(fā)事件）departmentinWuhan.WuhanChinaMarch16th,2020Wuhanresidents:1:TianLiweii2:QiuLinzhu3:LiuSha4：TianGuilan2020/3/16八、完形填空（10小題，每小題1分，共10分）當(dāng)新

45、冠疫情肆虐全國，有一群人沖在最前面：他們是科室主任，是普通師生，是新手護(hù)士;20他們中有些人已過耳順之年，有些則是畢業(yè)不久，初入工作崗位的青年，他們有一個(gè)共同的名字，叫“醫(yī)生”。DoctorsDeservePraise“Chinaisalwayswell_1_bythebravestofthem,"formerUSsecretaryofstateHenryKissingeroncewrote.Indeed,inthefightagainstthenovelcoronavirus,itismedicalworkerswhoareriskingtheirlivesonthefrontli

46、nesoftheepidemic.AsofFeb17,morethan32,000medicalworkersfromalloverChinahavebeensenttoHubei,thecenteroftheviral（病毒的）outbreak.Theyareworkingunderunusualconditions,unimaginable_2_andintensive（密集的）schedules.21InWuhanmobilecabinhospitals,medicalworkerstakeshifts（輪流）totreatpatients.Theyusuallyhavetoworkconsecutively（連續(xù)地）forsixhours,aswellastakeonehourtoputonand_3_theirprotectiveclothing