新課改高中英語語法填空解題技巧浙江

1、語法填空解題技巧語法填空是2014年新課標卷高考英語科新推出的一種題型，這種題型能全面檢測學生在英語詞匯、語法，甚至是句法上的運用能力，能更科學地反映學生的英語綜合水平。本題型分兩種情況：一種為已給單詞提示，一種為不給單詞提示. 語法填空考查的內(nèi)容與特點1、 語法填空主要考查哪方面的內(nèi)容?語法和詞匯（考試重點） 上下文連貫性（語境）2、語法填空命題特點是什么 ?側(cè)重語境加語法語 法 占 關(guān) 鍵 ,共10個小題 ,每題1.5分,滿分15分,須在10分鐘內(nèi)完成短文長度150-200詞左右,每格不一定1個詞（特別是謂語或非謂語動詞形式 ）語法填空考哪些語法項目？1、名詞；2、代詞；3、數(shù)詞；4、介詞

2、和介詞短語；5、連詞；6、形容詞；7、副詞；8、冠詞；9、動詞；10、時態(tài)；11、被動語態(tài)；12、非謂語動詞；13、構(gòu)詞法；14、句子種類；15、句子成分；16、簡單句基本句型；17、主謂一致；18、并列復合句；19、主從復合句；20、間接引語；21、省略；22、倒裝；23、強調(diào)；24、虛擬語氣。語法填空題能力要求1、閱讀/理解語篇的能力; 2、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力;3、熟練運用語法的能力。 4. 單詞拼寫能力和邏輯推理能力 語法填空題解題方向 重在基礎(chǔ)語法和句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：從語法角度去考慮，填的是語法詞，包括功能詞和詞形變換兩個方面。不限定一個詞。句子方面，要學會正確分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，如主謂賓等；

3、還要會區(qū)分主從句的層次。特別是動詞的成分，是否謂語動詞。 Test points(考點) 動詞 時態(tài)，語態(tài)主謂一致 非謂語動詞：-ing，-ed，to do 3-4空 名詞：單復數(shù) 有提示詞 形容詞/副詞：比較級、最高級 詞性轉(zhuǎn) 換 10空 連詞（并列句）：and, but, or 引導詞（從句themselves）：who, that, what 6-7空 代詞：they, him, our, 無提示詞 介詞：in, on, to, for 冠詞： a/an, the 連接性副詞：however, therefore Test methods1. Logic thinking（邏輯推理) 2

4、.Sentence analysis（分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)）3. Grammar knowledge（語法知識） 4.Phrases or sentence patterns（固定結(jié)構(gòu))5. Changes of words（詞性變化）Test point 1: Logic thinking（邏輯推理）1. Now Ill give you some tips on how to make friends with others. One way is being _ because honesty is very important if you want to get along well wit

5、h those around you.2. Soon after David left college, one of his uncles, who was rich and had no _ of his own died and left David a lot of money, so he decided to set up his own company.3. To their surprise, the stolen car had been returned and there was a note in it that said: “I apologize for takin

6、g your car. My wife was having a baby and I had to send her to the _ as soon as possible. Please forget the inconvenience. Honest,children, hospitalTest point 2: Sentence analysis（分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)） Put what the sentence needs into the blank Whats the function of the blank in this sentence?(1) The number of pe

7、ople _ (speak) Chinese continues to rise. speaking(2) Some 134,000 Chinese students went to study abroad, and 120,000 of _ were self-funded students(自費生). ThemTest point 3: Grammar knowledge（語法知識）1. 從句-引導詞(1) As soon as a child begins school, he enters a world of examinations_ will decide his future

8、 of job. that/ which(2) My face turned red on hearing _ my mother said. what(3) _ we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we will not really learn the language. If2. 并列句-并列連詞（and, but, or, so, while然而, when這時，etc）Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems.If tourism create

9、s too much traffic, the inhabitants will become annoyed and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists, _ they treat them impolitely. So3. 動詞（謂語、非謂語）- using the verbs given Analyze the sentence to find out whether you need the Finite Verb(謂語動詞) or Non-finite Verb(非謂語動詞)A. (1) The city has already had h

10、omes, stores, and offices _ (build) on the Mediterranean Sea. built(2) A very strong wind blew into my room. My valuable notes, lying on my desk in the room, _ (fly) high into the air. flew(1) 謂語動詞 時態(tài) 語態(tài) 主謂一致A. I was certain that she would like it because I _ (tell) by my classmates that she loved h

11、ot food. had been toldB.I was certain that she would like it because I _ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. had brokenC. He was one of the students who _ (invite) to the meeting. were invited(2) 非謂語動詞 ing ed to doA. We must practise speaking and _(write) the language whenever you can.w

12、ritingB. We must also consider the reaction of the person _ (receive) the gift. receivingC. With the problem _ (solve), I was proud of my achievement.solvedD. and it is important _ (memorize) some basic grammar rules.to memorize代詞(1) Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear _ spoken. it

13、 (2) they can never do anything quite right, then they will regard _ as unfit or unable persons. Themselves(3) The little boy pulled _ right hand out of the pocket and studied a number of coins in it.His5. adv. however, therefore, instead, also, still, too, either, besides, otherwise * Ive never bee

14、n to China and _ I dont know much about it. therefore6. art.a, an, the(1) When you meet _ new word, look it up in your dictionary. Your dictionary is your most useful book.a (2) But my mood quickly changed when I saw _ first question. The7. PrepsitionsFirst, they fail to find suitable words to expre

15、ss themselves due to a limited vocabularyThe third reason is that not enough attention is paid_listening. to(2) There is no easy way to success _ language learning. In8. Comparative,Superlative degrees(1) I have spent most of my career as a travelling salesman. There is nothing lonelier _ eating mea

16、ls in a coffee shop.than(2) The words you know are called your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabulary _ (big). Read as many books as we can. biggerTest point 4: Phrases or sentence patterns（固定結(jié)構(gòu))1. _ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldnt eat that food! I learn

17、ed she couldnt eat that food only after I heard she became sick. 強調(diào)句式 it2. I was so careless _ I had forgotten all about that. thatTest point 5: Changes of words（詞性變化）1. Mr Chen has taught me English since Junior 1, and to show my _ (appreciate) I decided to get her a present. appreciation2. They ca

18、n see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind, not to mention the latest _ (excite) football match. exciting3. I must know how to care for others and try not to _ (understand) them. misunderstand4. In the small towns of the United States in the _ (nineteen) century, the general store was where

19、everyone bought the things he couldnt make or grow at home.nineteenthHow to do grammatical fillings?Steps: 1. Look through the whole passage to get a general idea. 2. Deal with the simple ones first, such as those fixed patterns or the ones giving certain words. 3. When coming across difficult ones,

20、 just leave till the end. 4. Check what you have filled in the blanks and deal with the blanks you missed just now.1.根據(jù)語法知識進行填充2.根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系進行填充3.根據(jù)語篇標志進行填充 語篇是指比單個句子長的語言單位（句群、段落、篇章等）。語篇間往往有標明內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞，我們稱這些詞為“語篇標志詞”。如表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的有first, second, third, finally等；表示邏輯關(guān)系的有thus，therefore，so等；表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系或變換話題的有however, bu

21、t, by the way等。“語篇標志詞”對迅速理清文章的脈絡(luò)，弄清上下文關(guān)系很有幫助。4.根據(jù)固定詞組進行填充熟練掌握一些常見的詞組，如as a matter of, be proud of, by the way, come from, congratulateon, devoteto, earn ones living, keep ones word, make up ones mind等，對解題很有幫助。 5. 根據(jù)句型搭配進行填,就是根據(jù)一些常用的句型搭配，如so/suchthat, it is(for sb.) to do sth., There is no doubt that

22、, there is no sense in doing sth.等來解題。6. 根據(jù)詞匯知識進行填充 指根據(jù)某些詞語在用法上的特殊搭配來解題。如下列各類動詞必須牢記：只能接動詞的-ing形式作賓語的動詞，只能接to do作賓語的動詞，接to do作補語的動詞，接do作補語的動詞，接doing或done作補語的動詞，對句式搭配要求較為特別的詞語，等等。7. 根據(jù)生活常識進行填充課堂練習（Group Work)專題練習1In the past a gentleman would offer his seat _(1)_ a lady on a crowded bus. But now, he w

23、ill probably look out of the window or hide behind his newspaper, _(2)_(leave) the lady standing _(3)_ someone else gets off. You cant entirely blame men for this change in manners. _(4)_(go) are the days when women could be referred to the weak. A whole generation has grown up demanding _(5)_(equal

24、) with men in jobs, in education and in social life. Hold a door for some women _(6)_ you are likely to get _(7)_ angry lecture on treating women _(8)_ weaklings. Take a girl out for a meal and shell probably insist on paying _(9)_ share of the bill. All these, according to some sociologists, will c

25、hange mens attitude towards women and the conventional active politeness is perhaps slowly being _(10)_(replace) by true consideration for the needs and feeling of women, so that men can see women as equal human beings.1. to 2. leaving 3. until 4. Gone 5. Equality 6. and 7. an 8. as 9. her 10. repla

26、ced課堂小結(jié)：Ways to improve:1. focus on main grammar points while reading“聚焦”語言點閱讀過程中，將注意力放到語言點上，“捕捉”文章中出現(xiàn)的各種語言點、對不理解的語法、句型進行必要的分析。2. basic grammar knowledge 掌握基礎(chǔ)語法知識 The more difficult, the better？No. 要牢牢掌握最常用的語法要點，達到運用自如。3. words and phrases 單詞、短語的積累對于單詞，不僅要背誦其意義和拼寫，還好掌握基本的詞形變換。拓展練習1In China today the

27、 public holiday _(1)_ (last) for three days, but the Spring Festival is _(2)_ oldest and most important festival in China, so _(3)_ (tradition), the festival continues _(4)_ the 15th day of the lunar month _(5)_ the Lantern Festival is held. Everywhere is decorated _(6)_ a variety of different-sized

28、 lanterns and there is music and dancing in the streets. One special feature is the dragon dance, where a huge dragon head and body, _(7)_ (support) by a team of dancers, weaves _(8)_ way around the streets _(9)_ (collect) money from houses on its route. Once again food plays its part and Yuanxiao i

29、s served. This is a sweet dumpling made from glutinous rice flour that is either boiled or _(10)_ (fry).1. lasts 2. the 3. traditionally 4. until 5. when 6. with 7. supported 8. its 9. collecting 10. fried專題練習2We may be very _(1)_ (please) with the rapid progress we have made in every field of study

30、, but we have almost done nothing to improve our present _(2)_ (exam) systems which focus _(3)_ testing the students memory instead of their _(4)_ (able). As soon as a child begins school, he enters a world of examination _(5)_ will decide his future or job. In fact a good examination system should

31、encourage students to think for themselves, but the examination now does anything but that. It forces the students to remember _(6)_ is taught to get high marks. Thus the students who come out first in the examination often may not be the _(7)_ (good) in their studies. In addition, such _(8)_ examin

32、ation system often drives teachers to cram（填鴨式教學）all the time and forces them to train students what to do with the _(9)_ (come) examination. There must be a better way to test a students true ability as _(10)_ as their knowledge.1. pleased 2. examination 3. on 4. ability5, that/which 6. what 7. best 8. an 9. coming 10, well專題練習3Some 160 years