仁愛(ài)英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit1topic2重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)eva

1、Unit 1 The Changing WorldTopic 2 The population in developing countries is growing faster.1 重點(diǎn)句型：Section A 1.  We got lost and couldnt find each other. 我們走失了，互相找不到對(duì)方。get lost 意為“走失，迷路”，其中l(wèi)ost 為形容詞，其近義詞有missing 和gone.2. Have you found him yet? 你已經(jīng)找到他了嗎? （1） yet 用于疑問(wèn)句及否定句，談?wù)撋形窗l(fā)生但可能發(fā)生的事，通常位于句末。（2）

2、 already 常用于肯定句中，指動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，或比期望發(fā)生的要早，一般用于句子中或者句末； Have you had your lunch yet?-Yes, Ive already had it. 你吃過(guò)午飯了嗎？-是的，我已經(jīng)吃過(guò)了。3. Lets call him up now. 我們現(xiàn)在給他打電話吧。 （1）call up 意為“給.打電話”，名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以放在up后面或是兩詞之間；賓語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)，必須放在兩詞之間。 Ill called you up as soon as I come back. 我一回來(lái)就給你打電話。 （2）call up = ring up = make

3、a telephone call = telephone sb.4. I really hate to going to a place like that. So do I.我真的很討厭去那樣的地方。 我也是。 （1）So do I .為倒裝句，表示前面提到的肯定情況也同樣適合另外一個(gè)主體，表“某某也一樣”，結(jié)構(gòu)為“so + be /情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/ 助動(dòng)詞 + 主語(yǔ)”。 如：    Jim is a student, so is Tom. 吉姆是一名學(xué)生，湯姆也是。    Jim can swim, so can Tom.&#

4、160; 吉姆會(huì)游泳，湯姆也會(huì)。    Jim likes sports, so does Tom. 吉姆喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)，湯姆也喜歡。  （2）如表前面不怎樣，后面“也不”怎樣時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“ neither/ nor + be /情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/ 助動(dòng)詞 + 主語(yǔ)”。 如：  Jim wasnt Chinese, neither/ nor were they.吉姆不中國(guó)人，他們也不是。  Jim cant speak Japanese, neither can I .吉姆不會(huì)說(shuō)日語(yǔ)，我也不會(huì)。  Jim didnt go there,

5、neither did I .吉姆沒(méi)去那兒，我也沒(méi)去。 （3）如前后兩句表達(dá)的是同一個(gè)主體，則不能倒裝，表“的確如此”。如：  Jim is a good student. So he is. 吉姆是一名好學(xué)生，的確如此。5. Ive never been there before. 我從前沒(méi)有去過(guò)那里。 before（表示時(shí)間）以前，是副詞而不是介詞或者連詞，屬較模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，表示到說(shuō)話時(shí)間為止之前發(fā)生的事，大多使用完成時(shí)。 I have read that novel before. 我從前看過(guò)那本小說(shuō)。6. There were such many people that t

6、hey couldnt find each other. 那里太多人了以至于他們找不到對(duì)方。 Such. that. & so.that. 意為“ 如此.以至于.”， 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。 A. so + 形容詞/副詞 + that +句子She is so lovely a girl that everyone likes her. 她是如此可愛(ài)的女孩，人人都喜歡她。 B. so + many/much/little/few +名詞 +that +句子He drank so much wine that an accident happened to him on his way ho

7、me.他喝了那么多的酒，以至于在回家的路上發(fā)生了事故。 C. such +a/an +形容詞 +單數(shù)名詞 +that +句子She is such a lovely girl that everyone likes her. 她是如此可愛(ài)的女孩，人人都喜歡她。 D. such +形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞 +that +句子It was such bad weather that nobody was on the street. 天這么糟糕，街上空無(wú)一人。Section B1. What a large population!這么多人口！ population為不可數(shù)名詞，表示人口的多少只

8、能用 “l(fā)arge”或 “small”修飾，A. 提問(wèn)人口: whats the population of .；B. have a population of 意為“ 有.的人口”；The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. 上海的人口比北京多。 What's the population of China?= How many people are there in China? 中國(guó)的人口有多少？ 2. It is increasing by 80 million every year. 人口每年正以800

9、0萬(wàn)的速度增長(zhǎng)。 （1）increase 可作及物動(dòng)詞也可作不及物動(dòng)詞。其含義是“增長(zhǎng)，增加，加強(qiáng)”等。 （2）increase by +倍數(shù)或者百分?jǐn)?shù)， 指“增加了倍或百分之.”; Compared with last year, our pay has increased by three time. 與去年相比，我們的工資增長(zhǎng)了三倍。（3） increase to +具體的增長(zhǎng)后的數(shù)字，指 “增加到” Our rice output has increased to six million tons this year. 我們今年的糧食產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)到600萬(wàn)噸。3. What problem

10、s does the large population cause? 眾多的人口導(dǎo)致了什么問(wèn)題？ cause 意為“帶來(lái)，造成，引起，導(dǎo)致”， 相當(dāng)于 bring about. The bad weather is causing trouble for many farmers. 惡劣的天氣給許多農(nóng)民帶來(lái)了麻煩。Section C1.and about one fifth of the people in the world live in China. 而且世界上大約五分之一的人口生活在中國(guó)。 one fifth 是分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法。英文分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法：分子為基數(shù)詞，分母為序數(shù)詞，先讀分子后讀分母。

11、當(dāng)分子大于1時(shí)，分母的序數(shù)詞則變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)，直接在詞尾加“s”。eg: one fourth 四分之一； three fourths 四分之三； one second 二分之一； two thirds 三分之二 注：分?jǐn)?shù)修飾名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和所修飾的名詞保持一致。四分之一 也可以 a quarter, 百分?jǐn)?shù)讀作“基數(shù)詞+percent(無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)）；2. Because of the large population, there is less living space for each family. 由于人口多，每個(gè)家庭的居住面積更小了。 because of + n. / v.ing

12、因?yàn)?= because + 句子 Now most family have only one child because of our countrys one child policy.= Because our country has one child policy, now most families have only one child. 由于我國(guó)實(shí)施了獨(dú)生子女政策，現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)家庭只有一個(gè)孩子。3. The large population has caused many other difficulties for the whole nation.人口多也給整個(gè)國(guó)家?guī)?lái)了很多

13、其他問(wèn)題。(1) whole 著眼于整體，接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式。 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 The whole family likes watching TV.全家人都喜歡看電視。(2) all 著重于全體中的各個(gè)部分，接不可數(shù)名詞或是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。All the people in the ship lost their lives. 輪船上所有人都遇難了。4. It is hard for China to supply energy and water to satisfy peoples daily needs. 中國(guó)很難提供足夠的能源和水來(lái)滿足人們的日常需求。A. supply

14、n. 供應(yīng)量，供給量,儲(chǔ)存； The water supply is not enough. 水的供給不足。B. supply v.（尤其大量）供應(yīng)，供給，提供； supple sth. to sb. = supply sb. with sth.Our country supplies free textbooks to children. = Our country supplies children with free textbooks. 我國(guó)給孩子們提供免費(fèi)的教科書。注： provide, offer 與supply意思相近，但是用法不同。 provide sth. for sb. =

15、 provide sb. with sth. offer sth. to sb. = offer sb. Sth.Section D1. I live in a small mountain town called Fairmont. 我住在一個(gè)名叫費(fèi)爾蒙特的小山城里。 called Fairmont 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)放在名詞后作后置定語(yǔ)，called = named = with the name of The boy called / named / with the name of Lilei is my brother. 名叫李雷的那個(gè)男孩是我的弟弟。2 重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法-現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) () 1.現(xiàn)

16、在完成時(shí)的用法：表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響。 I have just posted the letter. 我剛把信郵寄了。 2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與不明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)副詞before，just，already，yet，ever等連用。 Have you heard from your friend lately?你最近有收到你朋友的來(lái)信嗎？現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與下列表不明確的狀語(yǔ)連用：1already 和 yetalready “已經(jīng)”（多用于肯定陳述句），如：He has already gone home. 他已經(jīng)回家了。yet “已經(jīng); 還”（用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句），如：H

17、ave you found him yet? 你已經(jīng)找到他了嗎？I havent finished my homework yet.  我還沒(méi)完成作業(yè)。 already 也可用于疑問(wèn)句，表“出乎意料或驚奇”Have you finished your homework already?   難道你已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了？2ever 和 neverever “曾經(jīng)”（多用于疑問(wèn)句，問(wèn)初次經(jīng)歷），如：I have ever been abroad.   我曾出過(guò)國(guó)。never“從未；從來(lái)不”（多用于否定陳述句），?；卮餰ver的句型。如：I have ne

18、ver seen him before.-Has he ever been abroad?  他曾出過(guò)國(guó)嗎？-No, never.  不，從來(lái)不。3just just “剛剛”（多用于肯定句，位于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前），如： I have just tried to call you.  我剛剛打電話給你。4beforebefore  “之前”（一般位于句末；常與never呼應(yīng)）， 如：He says he has never seen such beautiful scenery before.他說(shuō)他以前從來(lái)沒(méi)看過(guò)這么美的風(fēng)景。 3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)也可以

19、和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如this week, this year,this morning, today等。 They have moved three times this year. 今年他們已經(jīng)搬了三次家。 4. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和明確表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。如 yesterday, last week, in 1999, two days ago, just now, when I came in 等。語(yǔ)法練習(xí)：1.Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _whats happened to him.A. knew B. have known

20、C. must know D. will know2. He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?A. already B. never C. ever D. still3. Have you met Mr Li _？A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago3 重點(diǎn)詞組：1 be in = be at home 在家；2 get lost 迷路；3 each other 彼此；4 call sb. = call sb. up = ring sb. up = make a telephone call = telephone s

21、b. 打電話給某人；5 not .any more = no more 不再（頻率上的不再）；6 hate to go shopping          討厭去購(gòu)物；7 central park 中心公園；8 department store 百貨商場(chǎng)；9 lose one way 迷失方向，迷路；10 the largest population 最多人口；11 developing country 發(fā)展中國(guó)家；12 developed country 發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家；13 carry out 實(shí)行,進(jìn)行，

22、執(zhí)行；14 the one-child policy        獨(dú)生子女政策；15 control the population     控制人口；16 take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事；17 one fifth 五分之一；18 because of + n. / v.ing = because + 句子 因?yàn)椋?9 living space 居住面積；20 at the same time 同時(shí)；21 thanks to(介詞）

23、 = because of / with the help of . 多虧了., 由于.的幫忙；22 thanks for + 名詞 / 代詞 / 動(dòng)詞ing 為.感謝；23 be known as = be famous as.作為而著名24 satisfy daily need 滿足日常需求；25 work well in doing在方面起作用；26 比較級(jí) and 比較級(jí) 越來(lái)越.；27 have a long way to do sth. 做某事有很長(zhǎng)的路要走； 28 offer more job opportunities 提供更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)；29 deal with 處理；30

24、solve the problem 解決問(wèn)題；31 social problem 社會(huì)問(wèn)題；32 government measure 政府措施；33 be surrounded by 被. 環(huán)繞；34 cut trees 砍伐樹木；35 close to 接近；36 be careful with / about / of sth. 小心，謹(jǐn)慎地對(duì)待某物或某事；37 discouraged + v. ing 勸阻， 阻止38 help each other 互相幫助；39 have a long history 擁有很長(zhǎng)的歷史；40 places of interest 名勝古跡；41 pu

25、blic transportation 公共交通設(shè)施；42 cause some problems 引起一些問(wèn)題；43 extended family 大家庭（幾代同堂的家庭）；44 nuclear family 核心家庭，小家庭；（只包括父母及子女）4 練習(xí)：A. 選擇題：( ) 1._the population of the U.S.A. in 2005?It_about 296 million.A. What is; isB. What was; was C. How many is; wasD. How many was; is( ) 2.Have you returned the

26、library book_? Yes, Ive_ returned it.A. already; alreadyB. yet; yet C. already; yetD. yet; already( ) 3.The worlds population problem will be serious _all the countries do something to control it.A. orB. butC. unlessD. and( ) 4.I have never visited a paper factory. _. A. So have I. B. So I have. C.

27、Neither have I.D. I havent now.( ) 5._ of the students_ boys in our class.A. One fifth; areB. One fifths; areC. First fifths; isD. One five; is( )6._the strong wind, they had to shut up all the windows.A. Because ofB. BecauseC. Thanks toD. Thanks( ) 7.Its unfair,_ ? A. isnt itB. is itC. isnt heD. is

28、 he( )8. What do you know about China? Its the one-child policy that has _controlling the population in China.A. been good atB. taken good care ofC. worked well inD. got on well in( ) 9. Japan is a_country while China is a _ country. A. developing; developed B. developed; developing C. developing; d

29、eveloping D. developed; developed( )10. She asked me_. A. how many chairs are there in the classroom B. how many chairs there are in the classroom C. how many chairs there were in the classroom D. how many chairs there had in the classroom( ) 11.We must the policy to control the heavy traffic in the

30、 city. A.carry out B.take out C.bring out D.look out( )12. The population of Shanghai is larger than _ of Shenyang.A. thatB. itC. oneD. this( ) 13. _ the population of the U.S.A. in 2005?It _ about 296 million.A. What is; isB. What was; wasC. How many is; wasD. How many was; is( ) 14._ of the teache

31、rs are women in our school.A. Two thirdB. Two threes C. Two thirds D. Second three( )1 5. Hes read this book before, _?A. hasnt heB. doesnt heC. isnt heD. wasnt he( ) 16.Kangkang is good at English. .He often speaks to foreigners. A.So is he. B.So he is. C.So was he D.So he was. ( ) 17.The little gi

32、rl has _ finished reading the book you lent her.A. already B. yet C. stillD. onceB.閱讀理解。Most people in Britain live in small family groups. More than a quarter of homes in Britain have only one person living in them. Some of these persons are old but some are of twenty to thirty who choose to live a

33、lone. 35% of homes have two people living in them, and another 17% have three people. 15% have four people living in them, and the other homes have five or more.The families in Britain are small. It is unusual for parents to have more than two children. When children are about eighteen or nineteen, they leave their parents home, and they often go to other cities. Sometimes they only visit their parents two or three times a year.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正(T)誤( F)。( )1.The passage is a report.( )2.35% of homes in Brit