初中虛擬語氣

1、GrammarGrammarthe Subjunctive Mood英語動(dòng)詞有三種語氣: 陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣陳述語氣：用來表示所說的話是事實(shí)或提出疑問，廣泛用語陳述句，疑問句和感嘆句。祈使語氣：表示所說的話是請求，命令，指示或勸告等。虛擬語氣虛擬語氣：表示說話人的所說表示說話人的所說的話的話不是事實(shí)不是事實(shí)，一種假設(shè)、猜測、懷疑等一種假設(shè)、猜測、懷疑等( (在在條件條件從句從句中或中或讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句中中) )；一種表示說話人的愿望、要求、命一種表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等令、建議等 ( (在在賓語從句、表語從賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句句、同位語從句) )。Eg

2、: We met in this room . 陳述語氣陳述語氣 Do come to the meeting next Friday . 祈使語氣祈使語氣 If I were you , I would study hard . 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣一：虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法.條件句有真實(shí)條件句和非真實(shí)條件句兩種。條件句有真實(shí)條件句和非真實(shí)條件句兩種。真實(shí)條件句真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的所表的假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的,是與是與事實(shí)相符的。事實(shí)相符的。非真實(shí)條件句非真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的， 與事實(shí)相反的情況

3、。與事實(shí)相反的情況。If it is fine tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandma. If I were a bird, I would fly to America.1 1、 真實(shí)條件句真實(shí)條件句：用于陳述語氣，：用于陳述語氣，假設(shè)的情況假設(shè)的情況可能發(fā)生可能發(fā)生，其中，其中 if if 是是如果的意思。如果的意思。時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)系：時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)系：主將從現(xiàn)主將從現(xiàn) 主情從現(xiàn)主情從現(xiàn) 主祈從現(xiàn)主祈從現(xiàn)If he comes, he will bring his violin.If he wants to go to university, he must stu

4、dy hard.If it rains tomorrow, please dont come . 一、虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件句中一、虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件句中與與過去過去事實(shí)相事實(shí)相反的假反的假設(shè)設(shè)would should have+過去分詞過去分詞could might與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在相反的相反的假設(shè)假設(shè)與與將來將來相反的相反的假設(shè)假設(shè)虛擬條件句虛擬條件句主句主句If+主語主語+過去式過去式（be用用were)If+主語主語+had +過去分詞過去分詞If+主語主語+過去式過去式（be用用were)If+主語主語+were to+ 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形If+主語主語+should +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形主語

5、主語would動(dòng)動(dòng)詞原形詞原形(should/could/might)主語主語would動(dòng)動(dòng)詞原形詞原形(should/could/might) 1. If I had time, I would go for a walk. (事實(shí)上事實(shí)上我現(xiàn)在沒有時(shí)間，不能去散步）我現(xiàn)在沒有時(shí)間，不能去散步） 2. If I were invited, I would go to the dinner. （事實(shí)上沒有人邀請我，我也不能去參加宴會(huì)） 3.If I had a million dollars, I would put it in the bank. （事實(shí)上我沒有一百萬美圓，也不可能存在銀行）

6、現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反I would buy an expensive car. I would buy a villa. I would travel around the world.If I won the lottery,現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反1. If I had enough money, I would travel around the world.2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.A 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反3 If they were here, they would help you.4 They

7、would help you if they were here.If I _time last night, I _ to see the film with you .had hadwould have goneB 與過去事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反If he_ more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.2. If he had been there, it would

8、nt have happened.3 If she had seen you yesterday ,she would have asked you about it . 要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你問起這件事要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你問起這件事 。4 If you had taken my advice，you wouldnt (couldnt) have failed in the exam.如果你按照我的建議去做，你一定不會(huì)如果你按照我的建議去做，你一定不會(huì)(不可能不可能)考試不及格?？荚嚥患案?。與過去事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反 I _ a party for you . should g

9、et If you_gotWere to get a full mark next time,C 與與 將來事實(shí)相反將來事實(shí)相反would hold 1 If it were Sunday tomorrow, I should /(would) go to see my grandmother. 如果明天是星期天，我就如果明天是星期天，我就 (可能可能)去看去看望我奶望我奶 奶。奶。2 If it were to snow this evening, they would not go out. 如果今晚下雪，他們將不出去了。如果今晚下雪，他們將不出去了。C 與將來事實(shí)相反與將來事實(shí)相反3 I

10、f you succeeded, everything would be all right. 4 If you were to succeed, everything would be all right. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.If it rained tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing.現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反與將來事實(shí)相反要是你早來幾分鐘的話，你就能見到

11、他了要是你早來幾分鐘的話，你就能見到他了。If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.明天要是天氣好的話，我來看你明天要是天氣好的話，我來看你。If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.假如我是你的話，我會(huì)馬上走。假如我是你的話，我會(huì)馬上走。與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If I were you, I would go at once. 與過去事實(shí)相反與將來事實(shí)可能相反1) 假如我有一百萬假如我有一百萬,我會(huì)把錢捐獻(xiàn)給醫(yī)學(xué)研究我會(huì)把錢捐獻(xiàn)給醫(yī)學(xué)研究. _2) 如果我是你

12、如果我是你,我會(huì)穿襯衣打領(lǐng)帶我會(huì)穿襯衣打領(lǐng)帶._ 3) 假如我是你假如我是你,我就會(huì)遲一點(diǎn)去我就會(huì)遲一點(diǎn)去._ 4) 假如我是你假如我是你,我就會(huì)帶一個(gè)小禮物我就會(huì)帶一個(gè)小禮物._ 5) 如果我是你，我會(huì)在睡覺前好好的散步。如果我是你，我會(huì)在睡覺前好好的散步。_6) 如果我是你如果我是你,我就會(huì)和看上去很友好的人交談我就會(huì)和看上去很友好的人交談. _ 7）如果我是你，我會(huì)更加努力學(xué)習(xí)英語。）如果我是你，我會(huì)更加努力學(xué)習(xí)英語。_. 8）如果昨晚你在這兒，就什么事都不會(huì)發(fā)生了。）如果昨晚你在這兒，就什么事都不會(huì)發(fā)生了。 _. 9） 如果我早到一點(diǎn)的話，我就會(huì)趕上那輛公共汽車了。如果我早到一點(diǎn)的話，

13、我就會(huì)趕上那輛公共汽車了。_. 10）明天要是周日的話，我們就不參加考試了。）明天要是周日的話，我們就不參加考試了。_.A用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. If I _(find) a purse, I _(give) it to the police.2. If I _(be) a bird, I _(fly) in the blue sky.3. If you _(have) something important, you _( can go) now.4. If I _(be) you, I _(choose) this one.用虛擬語氣完成下列句子。1. 如果我是一只小鳥，我會(huì)飛到月球

14、上去。If I a bird, I to the moon.2. 如果她和我們在一起，我們會(huì)更早完成任務(wù)。If she us, we the task earlier.3. 如果有人給我錢的話，我明天就去買輛車。If someone me money, I a car tomorrow.4. Ill travel around the world if I have a lot of money.（改為虛擬語氣的句子）I around the world if I a lot of money.PRACTICE 1PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks. a. If th

15、ey _ (be) here,they _ (take) your advice. b. If the world-war _ (break) out again,what _ (happen) to our people on earth?c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room now, it _ (be) very dangerous.d. If I _ (be) in your position,I _(ask) for teachers help.werewould takebrokewould happenwere notcould b

16、ewerewould askPRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks e. If Tom _ (be) more careful in theexam, he _ _ (pass) it already. f. If you (get) up earlier,you _ _ (catch) the first train. g. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ _ (go) to the concert together.had beenwould have passedhad gotwould have caughthad metwou

17、ld have gone二、虛擬語氣用于賓語從句中 Wish 的賓語從句現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：未來未來：過去時(shí)（過去時(shí)（were）過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)would/could/might+V. I wish I were a bird I wish I hadnt made such a mistake We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. I wish I _(be)as tall as you.wereI wishevery day _(be)my birthday.wereI wish I _ (eat) so much watermelon.ha

18、dnt eaten用于賓語從句用于賓語從句I wish從句結(jié)構(gòu)從句結(jié)構(gòu)Example與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反一般過去式一般過去式I wish it were autumn now.與過去事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反過去完成式過去完成式He wishes(wished) he had not lost the chance.與將來事實(shí)相反與將來事實(shí)相反would+V.原形原形I wish you would come soon.I wish I were as tall as you.I wish I became as famous as Yao Ming.I wish I were a bird.I wish I could fly like a bird.I wish every day were my birthday.He wish he hadnteaten so much watermelon.I wish the lunch time would come soon.I wish it would rain tomorrow.Practice 1 He is not a pilot, but