考研英語二_圖表作文寫作方法和模板_非常全(1)

1、考研英語之圖表作文看圖作文中的圖表又可分為三種：圓形圖作文、曲線圖作文和條狀圖作文。(1) 圓形圖圓形圖(Pie chart)也稱為餅狀圖或圓面分割圖。圓形圖因為比較形象和直觀，各部分空間大小差別容易分辨，所以常用來表示總量和各分量之間的百分比關系。整個圓表示總量，楔形塊表示分量。有時圓形圖還有數(shù)值表，兩者結合可把各分量表示得更準確、清楚。(2) 曲線圖曲線圖(Line graph)也稱為線性圖或坐標圖。曲線圖最適合表示兩個變量之間關系的發(fā)展過程和趨勢。一般來說，曲線所呈現(xiàn)的形狀比某一點所代表的變量的值更有意義。曲線圖有橫軸和縱軸。一般先看橫軸所代表的數(shù)量或時間等，然后再看縱軸所顯示的意義。同

2、時必須找出線條所反映的最高或最低的變化。(3) 條形圖條形圖(Bar graph)也稱為立柱圖或圓柱圖。條形圖由寬度相同但長度不同的條塊代表不同的量。當要比較幾個項目或量時，常用不同顏色來區(qū)分。條形圖主要用來表示：1)同一項目在不同時間的量;2)同一時間不同項目的量。閱讀條形圖時，要先看圖例，再看橫軸、縱橫各代表什么量，每一個刻度所代表的值是多少，最后找出圖中各長條所表示的數(shù)據(jù)及各長條間的相互關系。第二節(jié) 圖表作文示例紅色代表大的自然災害（單位/次） 黃色代表死亡的人數(shù)（單位/ 萬）The Changes in Great Natural Disasters Worldwide1. 簡述所給圖

3、表中的變化。2. 說明引起變化的主要原因。3. 分析這些變化對全球的影響第三節(jié) 圖表作文的寫作要領圖表作文著重說明事實，常常是通過對圖表中所反映的具體數(shù)據(jù)的說明、分析、比較，對某種事物或現(xiàn)象的事實或變化情況等加以說明，并提出結論或看法。因此，圖表作文常常采用議論文體的寫作方法。寫好圖表作文，關鍵在于能否讀懂圖表中所提供的信息，把握各信息間的聯(lián)系，用準確流暢的語言把這一信息表達出來，并就這一信息發(fā)表自己的看法。圖表作文的寫作步驟寫圖表作文時，要注意遵循以下步驟：1)認真分析圖表的含義，弄清圖表中所含的信息及不同信息間的關系;2)確定文章的主題思想，構思出文章的基本框架，篩選出能說明圖表主題思想的

4、典型數(shù)據(jù);3)編列文章的提綱;4)根據(jù)文章的提綱，將各段的提綱內容擴展成段落，然后將各個段落組成文章，注意段與段之間的銜接與過渡;圖表作文常用的句型(1)常用的開篇句型(即概述圖表內容時常用的表達法) According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph, we can see/conclude that 根據(jù)該表/圖，我們可知 The table/graph reveals (shows/indicates/illustrates/ represents/points out) that 該表/圖表明 As we can see from

5、 the table As can be seen from the line/bar graph As is shown (illustrated/indicated) in the pie chart 如表/圖所示，(2) 描述增減變化常用的句型 Compared with is still increased by The number of grew/rose from to An increase is shown in ; then came a sharp increase of In the number remains the same/drops to There was

6、a very slight (small/slow/gradual) rise/increase in 1990.There was a very steady (marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/ dramatic) drop (decrease/ decline/ fall/ reduction) in 1998/ compared with that of last year).下面是根據(jù)例子的題目要求寫的范文。As can be seen from the graph, there have been rapid changes in the great natura

7、l disasters worldwide over the past period from 1960s to 1990s. To be concrete, there were only 16 terrible natural disasters, causing 300,000 deaths in 1960s while the ratios went up respectively to 131 and 1,100,000 in 1990s. The changes are disturbing, so it is necessary for us to go into the why

8、s and wherefores of them first.Some changes, such as those in earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, result from the movement of plates along the weaknesses in the earths crust, but many others have much to do with mans activities. In the first place, mans mindless and excessive exploitation of natural

9、 resources has done a lasting damage to the ecosystem, only to invite more floods, landslides and mud-rock flows. The rare flood to which China was subjected in 1998 is typical of the evil seeds man had sowed for himself. In the second, in order to feed their more and larger families, people from al

10、l over the world have had to overwork their farming land as well as their grassland, which in turn has accelerated the desertification of the land on which they have been relying for existence. In the third, mans blind application of scientific findings has caused unfavorable and permanent changes i

11、n the global living environment. Among these changes are the depletion of ozone layer, the worsening of greenhouse effect, the recurrence of hurricanes and the extinction of more species.The list of causes could go on, but they are already enough to indicate that these changes are producing more and

12、 more negative effects on the world. They have not only made it impossible for the natural systems to recover their balance but also made it harder for man to ensure his better survival. If allowed to run its course, I am afraid, this trend will certainly bring more serious threats to all the living

13、 things on the Earth, mankind included. 一、圖表作文寫作常識1、圖形種類及概述法：泛指一份數(shù)據(jù)圖表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table餅圖：pie chart直方圖或柱形圖：bar chart / histogram趨勢曲線圖：line chart / curve diagram表格圖：table流程圖或過程圖：flow chart / sequence diagram程序圖：processing/procedures diagram2、常用的描述用法The table/chart diagram/

14、graph shows （that）According to the table/chart diagram/graphAs （is） shown in the table/chart diagram/graphAs can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures，figures/statistics shows （that）It can be seen from the figures/statisticsWe can see from the figures/statisticsIt is clear from the figu

15、res/statisticsIt is apparent from the figures/statisticstable/chart/diagram/graph figures （that） table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how3、圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)（Data）具體表達法數(shù)據(jù)（Data）在某一個時間段固定不變：fixed in time在一系列的時間段中轉變：changes over time持續(xù)變化的data在不同情況下：增加：increase / raise / rise / go up 減少：decrease /

16、grow down / drop / fall 波動：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave 穩(wěn)定：remain stable / stabilize / level off 最常用的兩種表達法：動詞+副詞形式（Verb+Adverb form）形容詞+名詞形式（Adjective+Noun form）二、相關常用詞組1、主章開頭圖表類型：table、chart、diagramgraph、column chart、pie graph描述：show、describe、illustrate、can be seen from、clear、apparent、reve

17、al、represent內容：figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion2、表示數(shù)據(jù)變化的單詞或者詞組rapid/rapidly迅速的，飛快的，險峻的dramatic/dramatically戲劇性的，生動的significant/significantly有意義的，重大的，重要的sharp/sharply銳利的，明顯的，急劇的steep/steeply急劇升降的steady/steadily穩(wěn)固的，堅定不移的gradual/gradually漸進的，逐漸的slow/slowly緩慢的，不活躍的slight/slightly輕微的、略微地stab

18、le/stably穩(wěn)定的3、其它在描述中的常用到的詞significant changes圖中一些較大變化noticeable trend明顯趨勢during the same period在同一時期grow/grew增長distribute分布，區(qū)別unequally不相等地in the case of adv.在的情況下in terms of / in respect of / regarding在方面in contrast相反，大不相同government policy政府政策market forces市場規(guī)率measure n.尺寸，方法，措施v.估量，調節(jié)forecast n.先見，

19、預見v.預測三、英語圖表寫作套句精選1.the table shows the changes in the number ofover the period fromto該表格描述了在年之年間數(shù)量的變化。 2.the bar chart illustrates that該柱狀圖展示了3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding該圖為我們提供了有關有趣數(shù)據(jù)。4.the diagram shows （that）該圖向我們展示了5.the pie graph depicts （that）該圓形圖揭示了6.this is a cure gr

20、aph which describes the trend of這個曲線圖描述了的趨勢。7.the figures/statistics show （that）數(shù)據(jù)（字）表明8.the tree diagram reveals how該樹型圖向我們揭示了如何9.the data/statistics show （that）該數(shù)據(jù)（字）可以這樣理解10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that這些數(shù)據(jù)資料令我們得出結論11.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram

21、/graph/chart/table如圖所示12.according to the chart/figures根據(jù)這些表（數(shù)字）13.as is shown in the table如表格所示14.as can be seen from the diagram，great changes have taken place in從圖中可以看出，發(fā)生了巨大變化。15.from the table/chart/diagram/figure，we can see clearly thator it is clear/apparent from the chart that從圖表我們可以很清楚（明顯）看

22、到16.this is a graph which illustrates這個圖表向我們展示了17.this table shows the changing proportion of a & b fromto該表格描述了年到年間a與b的比例關系。18.the graph，presented in a pie chart， shows the general trend in該圖以圓形圖形式描述了總的趨勢。19.this is a column chart showing這是個柱型圖，描述了20.as can be seen from the graph，the two curves

23、 show the fluctuation of如圖所示，兩條曲線描述了的波動情況。21.over the period fromtotheremained level.在至期間，基本不變。22.in the year betweenand在年到期間23.in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 19981995年至1998三年里24.from then on/from this time onwards從那時起25.the number ofremained steady/stable from （month/year） to （month/year

24、）。月（年）至月（年）的數(shù)量基本不變。26.the number sharply went up to數(shù)字急劇上升至27.the percentage ofstayed the same betweenand至期間的比率維持不變。28.the figures peaked atin（month/year）的數(shù)目在月（年）達到頂點，為29.the percentage remained steady at比率維持在30.the percentage ofis slightly larger/smaller than that of比例比的比例略高（低）。31.there is not a gre

25、at deal of difference betweenand與的區(qū)別不大。32.the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of該圖表表明的數(shù)目增長了三倍。33decreased year by year whileincreased steadily.逐年減少，而逐步上升。34.the situation reached a peak（a high point at） of%.的情況（局勢）到達頂（高）點，為百分點。35.the figures/situation bottomed out in數(shù)字（情況）在達到底部。36.the

26、 figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough.數(shù)字（情況）達到底部（低谷）。37.a is times as much/many as b.a是b的倍。38.a increased bya增長了39.a increased toa增長到40.high/low/great/small/ percentage.比低高（低）41.there is an upward trend in the number of數(shù)字呈上升趨勢。42.a considerable increase/decrease occurred fromto到發(fā)生急劇上升

27、。43.fromtothe rate of decrease slow down.從到，下降速率減慢。44.from this year on，there was a gradual declinel reduction in the，reaching a figure of從這年起，逐漸下降至45.be similar to與相似46.be the same as與相同47.there are a lot similarities/differences betweenand與之間有許多相似（不同）之處48.a has something in common with ba于b有共同之處。4

28、9.the difference between a and b lies ina與b之間的差別在于50（year）witnessed/saw a sharp rise in年急劇上升開頭段轉述題目常用句型 The line graph describes/ illustrates/ demonstrates/ summarizes/ outlines/ shows 后面跟名詞或者從句 開頭段或者主體段引出數(shù)據(jù)或者趨勢常用句型 According to/ As shown in/ As can be seen from 后面跟圖表的類型 It can be seen from 后面跟圖表的類型

29、 that It is manifest from后面跟圖表的類型 that 表示上升的動詞 Go up(went up) /rise(rose)/ grow(grew)/ increase(increased)/ ascend(ascended) , 其中rise和increase 也經(jīng)常作名詞, grow-growth 表示急劇上升的動詞 Jump(jumped)/ surge(surged)/shoot up (shot up)/ soar(soared) 其中surge也可以做名詞 表示下降的動詞 Decline/ fall/ drop/ sink/ dip/ decreas

30、e/ descend, 其中decline/ fall/ drop/ decrease也經(jīng)常做名詞 表示急劇下降的動詞 Plummet/ plunge 表示速度快的形容詞 Sharp/ dramatic/ drastic/ rapid/precipitous/steep 副詞加 -ly 表示幅度大的形容詞 Marked/ substantial / significant, 副詞加 -ly 表示緩慢,逐漸的形容詞 Gradual/ steady/ gentle / slow, 副詞加 -ly 表示小幅度的形容詞 Modest/ moderate/ slight, 副詞加 -ly 表示波動的動詞

31、 Fluctuate, 不及物動詞,名詞fluctuation 表示穩(wěn)定在一個水平上的動詞 Level off at/ level out at/ hover at/ stabilize at/ reached a plateau at 表示達到最高的動詞 Peak at/ reach the highest point at , peak 也可以做名詞 表示達到最低的動詞 Reach the bottom at/ the lowest point at/ bottom out at, bottom 也可以做名詞 表示經(jīng)歷了某種變化的及物動詞 Experience/ witness/ see

32、表示達到了多少數(shù)量的及物動詞或詞組 Reach/arrive at/ amount to / hit/ register/ stand at 表示占(后面跟百分數(shù)或數(shù)字)的及物動詞或詞組 Account for/ represent / constitute / make up 表示數(shù)據(jù)由某幾個部分組成的既無動詞或者詞組 A is composed of/comprise/ is made up of/ consists of B,C and D. 注意和include 區(qū)別 表示對未來數(shù)字的預測的及物動詞 Project/ predict / forecast 表示"分別"

33、;的副詞 Respectivelyin the 2004 Olympics, China and Russia won X and Y gold medals respectively. 表示"大約"的副詞或者詞組 About, around, approximately, roughly, just over, just under圖表作文（三）作文1 DIRECTIONS: A. Study the following graphs carefully and write an essay in at least 150 words. B. Your essay mus

34、t be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET II. C. Your essay should cover these three points: 1. effect of the countrys growing human population on its wildlife 2. possible reason for the effect3. your suggestion for wildlife protection 【段落類型分析】第一段        &

35、#160;      第二段              第三段圖畫/圖表描述段       原因闡釋段          建議措施段【參考范文一】From these graphs, we can draw a conclusion that, with the growth o

36、f human population, the number of species has decreased rapidly in America, and some species have even vanished from our planet.There are numerous reasons accounting for the phenomenon and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here. Above all, as the human population grows rapidly

37、, a growing number of people came to live where some wild species have been living. Then these species have to move to other places. Some of them probably can not adapt to the new environment and die. In addition, although many people look on the wildlife as their friends, some people may not think

38、so. They catch a lot of wild animals and sell them in order to get more money. Consequently, the natural balance and the ecologic environment are destroyed. The clear cutting has become increasingly serious. So some of the wildlife become homeless and extinct.In order to protect the wildlife, I have

39、 some suggestions. First, the governments should make laws to prevent them from being caught and killed. Second, the governments should educate people to love nature and protect it. Third, as for ourselves, we should take practical actions to protect our living environment. (210 words) 【參考范文二】T

40、he two charts show that the increase in the U.S. population has been accompanied by a corresponding decline in the number of wildlife species. Far too many species have been lost already. This poses a danger to the ecological balance.As the human population expands, wild animals in mounting numbers

41、are hunted for food, or because they are thought to present a threat to man. But studies show that one of the primary causes of the disappearance of wildlife is pollution, which is one of the consequences of population growth and economic development. This makes us wonder if men are able to share th

42、is planet in harmony with other life forms.In my opinion, it is imperative for us to take steps to reverse the disturbing trend illustrated in the charts. One measure would be to forbid the building of cities in areas where wild life is threatened with extinction. But, more importantly, men must lea

43、rn to stop polluting the environment, or he himself will be extinct. (167 words) 【參考范文三】As is seen from the two graphs, it is clear that with the rapid growth of U.S. population from 1800 to 1990, the number of its wildlife species no longer existing soared during the same period. Naturally, we

44、 can draw the conclusion that the sharp decline of wildlife species resulted from the population growth.Several reasons may account for this phenomenon. To begin with, as the population grows, people consume much more natural resources. Second, with the increase of human activities, modern people ta

45、ke up more and more space which exerts a great influence on other species. Finally, the problem of pollution becomes more and more serious with the development of modern industry. More and more animals have to adapt themselves to the decaying environment or move to a totally different place, but not

46、 all of them are fortunate enough to survive the changes.Solving this problem calls for, above all, the governments efforts to control population growth, to decrease industrial pollution and to enhance the laws to forbid wildlife hunting. Moreover, common citizens should be aware of this ecological

47、crisis and take on the responsibility of wildlife protection. In a word, only when the government and the common people make joint efforts can we hope to find a satisfactory solution to this problem. (216 words)作文2 圖略 The line graph illustrates how the number of people using a London underground sta

48、tion fluctuates over the course of 16 hours (6am to 10pm). As we can see from the graph, at 6am the number of people at the station stands at only 100. The number shoots up over the next two hours, peaking at 400 at 8am. Then the number descends drastically for two hours, bottoming out at 180 at 10a

49、m. The period between 10o'clock and 12o'clock witnesses a moderate growth in the number of people in the station, with the number reaching 280 at midday. Numbers in the following two hours stabilize at just under 300 people. Then the number plummets to only 100 from 2pm to 4pm. Then the next

50、 two hours see a dramatic rise again, with 6pm registering 380 people. After 6pm, the number dips again, reaching the lowest point of 130 at 8pm. The period from 8pm to 10pm experiences a slight rise, but then the number of people declines again from 180 at 9pm to 135 at 10pm. This line graph clearl

51、y demonstrates that rush hours in the early morning and the early evening are periods when the station is used by the most people. 作文3 The diagram illustrates in four stages the recovery of the forests in Yellowstone National Park after a devastating forest fire. In the first picture, while the old

52、forests still exist, they drop bad wood to the soil under them, which renders the soil more fertile. Then lightning and fire strike, destroying the forests completely. And the growth of new forests starts right at this point. The second picture demonstrates that in the first 50 years after the devas

53、tating fire, saplings grow in build while descend in overall number. In the next two centuries, the young trees continue to thrive in Yellowstone, because of the fertile soil and the ample sunlight. Then, three hundred years after the fire, the number of trees decline to roughly the same as the old

54、forests. These five pictures show us that it takes as long as three centuries for a destroyed forest to fully recover. Further, they vividly explain to us the natural law of "survival of the fittest". The number of trees that a region can support is not limitless, which means the forests o

55、n earth will not be an inexhaustible resource. 作文4 The table below gives information about changes in modes of travel in England between 1985 and 2000.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. 范文1The table indicates the number o

56、f miles by the average English person in 1985 and 2000, using various means of transport.The number of miles walked, cycled and travelled by local bus all decreased. Of these, the number of miles travelled by local bus decreased the most, from 429 miles in 1985 to 274 miles in 2000.The number of miles travelled by car, long distance bus, train and taxi all increased. The number of miles driven by car was 3,199 in 1985 and rose by 50% to 4,806 in 2000. The number of miles travelled by long distance bus more than doubl