第七章植物生長(zhǎng)物質(zhì)

1、第七章 植物生長(zhǎng)物質(zhì)一 填空題1 Of the chemical nutritions, _ deficiency can lead to the lack of IAA. _ is the constituent of cell wall.2 The two plant hormones that play antagonistic roles in controlling seed germination and dormant are _ and _.3 Plant growth substances are now widely utilized in agriculture, for

2、 example, _ can promote root development of quicksets, _ can keep fresh of flowers, and _ can accelerate the ripening of fruits.4 植物體內(nèi)激素的特點(diǎn)是_，_，_。5 植物激素共有五大類(lèi)：_，_，_，_和_。6 影響植物體內(nèi)生長(zhǎng)激素含量的重要因素是_，_和_。7 可以誘導(dǎo)瓜類(lèi)產(chǎn)生雌花的激素是_和_。8 植物激素中的_能延遲葉片衰老。9 植物體內(nèi)常見(jiàn)的生長(zhǎng)素是_和_。10 IAA的生物合成是以_為前體，經(jīng)_和_兩條主要途徑合成。11 為了解除大豆頂端優(yōu)勢(shì)，應(yīng)噴灑_。12

3、 脫落酸的作用方式是控制_和_的合成。13 乙烯能促進(jìn)_的合成，對(duì)_也有影響。14 IAA貯存必須避光，是因?yàn)開(kāi)。15 細(xì)胞分裂素有拮抗_的作用，使側(cè)芽生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育。二 是非題1 Most plant secondary metabolites have very important ecological value. （ ）2 The first discovered plant hormone is GB. ( )3 乙烯和IAA都能誘導(dǎo)雌花的形成。（ ）4 B9抑制果樹(shù)頂端分生組織細(xì)胞分裂。（ ）5 促進(jìn)離層形成及脫落酸形成的內(nèi)源激素是ETH。（ ）6 赤霉素、類(lèi)胡蘿卜素都屬于類(lèi)萜。（ ）7

4、 植物體內(nèi)的細(xì)胞分裂素主要是根尖合成的。（ ）8 生長(zhǎng)素在磁性介質(zhì)中保存是比較穩(wěn)定的。（ ）9 細(xì)胞分裂素防止衰老，是在轉(zhuǎn)錄水平上起作用的。（ ）10 脫落酸在逆境下有減少脯氨酸含量的效應(yīng)。（ ）11 黃瓜田里熏煙可以促進(jìn)雌花的形成，這是因?yàn)闊熤泻幸蚁┑木壒?。?）12 氧氣充足，有利于乙烯前體ACC的合成。（ ）三 選擇題1 The precursor of ethylene is .A. ACC B. AVG C. AOA D. Met2 What is auxin? A. a growth hormone B. a photosynthetic pigment C. a macronu

5、trient D. a micronutrient 3 An increase in auxin concentrations causes _. A. a decrease in stem curvature B. an increase in stem curvature C. an enlargement of cotyledons D. an elongation of cucumber roots4 A decrease in 2,4-D will cause _. A. a decrease in cotyledon size B. an increase in cotyledon

6、 size C. an elongation of roots D. a decrease in stem curvature 5 An increase in gibberellic acid will cause _. A. a decrease in cotyledon size B. an increase in cotyledon size C. an elongation of roots D. a decrease in stem curvature 6 What is a major function of auxin? A. controls the abscission o

7、f leaves B. promotes stem elongation C. absorbs light and affects seed germination D. a component of proteins 7 How would gibberellic acid be beneficial to plants? A. By suppressing lateral buds, the plant will not have too many leaves to block each other's availability to light. B. By hastening

8、 the ripening of fruit, the plant's seeds will be dispersed sooner. C. By promoting leaf senescence, the plant can save energy by reabsorbing photosynthetically important molecules. D. By increasing stem and internode elongation, the plant will be able to grow taller and gain access to light. 8

9、What plant hormones stimulate cell division in the presence of auxin, promote chloroplast development and bud formation, and delay leaf aging? A. abscisic acid B. cytokinins C. gibberellins D. ethylene9 對(duì)IAA濃度最敏感的植物器官是_ A. 芽 B. 葉 C. 根 D. 莖10 果實(shí)催熟可選用下列激素中的_ A. GA B. KT C. 乙烯 D. ABA11 生長(zhǎng)素類(lèi)的主要功能是_ A. 誘

10、導(dǎo)器官分化 B. 加速細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng) C. 促進(jìn)衰老 D. 加速成熟12 肉質(zhì)果實(shí)呼吸高峰的到來(lái)時(shí)由于果實(shí)內(nèi)以下哪種物質(zhì)產(chǎn)生誘導(dǎo)的 A. 生長(zhǎng)素 B. 乙烯 C. 赤霉素 D. ABA13 乙烯的生物合成收到外界因素的促進(jìn)，該因素是_ A. 有氧條件 B. AOA C. 高溫 D. AUG14 赤霉素對(duì)植物細(xì)胞的生理作用是_ A. 促進(jìn)細(xì)胞伸長(zhǎng) B. 促進(jìn)細(xì)胞分化 C. 只促進(jìn)細(xì)胞分裂 D. 促進(jìn)細(xì)胞分裂和分化15 插枝上不定根的形成，可施用下列哪種物質(zhì)來(lái)促進(jìn)_ A. 吲哚乙酸 B. 赤霉素 C. 細(xì)胞分裂素 D. 2，4-D四 名詞解釋1 植物激素（plant hormone）2 植物生長(zhǎng)物質(zhì)3 三重反應(yīng)4 靶細(xì)胞五 解釋現(xiàn)象1 敵稗殺死稗草而對(duì)水稻幼苗無(wú)害。2 生長(zhǎng)素濃度過(guò)高可殺死植物。3 ETH催熟果實(shí)。4 生長(zhǎng)素處理芽梢，引起伸長(zhǎng)。5 用矮狀素處理小麥能防止小麥倒伏。6 用生長(zhǎng)素與乙烯處理植物，都可以促進(jìn)雌花形成。六 問(wèn)答題1 Explain how each of the growth hormones, micronutrients, and macronutrients might be useful to farmers.2 What are the fun