現(xiàn)代大學英語聽力3Unit 12 Life Philosophy 聽力原文及答案

1、Unit 12 Life Philosophy 現(xiàn)代大學英語聽力3聽力原文及答案 Task  1【答案】1) £229.2) The Spanish.3) Italians.4) They view most of their meals as refueling.5) Higher quality food.6) Low-fat alternatives (such as sushi and organic salads).【原文】UK residents spend an average £229 a year on food c

2、onsumed in transit, the highest in Europe, the research group Datamonitor says. In contrast, Spanish people spend only £56 a year, while Italians spend £128 a year on average.The report's author says the difference is due to the greater amount of time Britons spend at work and commutin

3、g. In the UK people spend on average 48 minutes a day traveling to and from work. The Spanish and Italians spend 34 and 24 minutes respectively.Attitudes towards food are also important, the study claims."There are a lot of people in the UK who view most of their meals as refueling," says

4、Lawrence Gould, the report's author.But it is not all bad, he adds."One thing emerging is a greater demand for higher quality food, even if it is food-on-the-go," says Mr. Gould.Traditional fast food such as burgers and chips are now competing with low-fat alternatives. While the food

5、may have been eaten in transit, people are increasingly being offered healthy fare: from sushi to organic salads.Task  2【答案】A.Stress in Everyday LifeTermsParenting as a task and a problem, rather thansomething that comes naturallysingle mother, one-parent familyPeople wanting to be parents

6、 but not being able to for various reasonssurrogacy, test-tube babiesBehaviour of childrentruantingWhat do these terms suggest?There really is a kind of crisis or a breakdown in old-fashioned family life.B.1) Word such as "stressed out", "rage", "road rage".2) The Unite

7、d States.3) In the 1960s.4) It means that a person is capable of feeling, expressing and sharing emotions, and it implies that emotion is something you can learn.【原文】1) There was an increasing amount of stress in everyday life for ordinary people, particularly so for families. And so you get a lot o

8、f language generated out of these social problemsterms like "single mother", "one-parent family", the whole idea of parenting being a task and a problem, rather than something that comes naturally. You get things like "surrogacy', "test-tube babies", the kind o

9、f thing where people want to be parents and can't for various reasons. You get the behavior of children: You've got "truanting", another keyword that used to be called "playing truant"staying away from school. And all of these suggest that there really is a kind of crisis

10、 or a breakdown in old-fashioned family life.2) Stress was a real social problem, not of course only in Britain, but particularly in Britain. And this gave rise to a whole lot of words, words for stress itself: "stressed out", "rage", "road rage". We needed a new langua

11、ge to express this new kind of emotionalism. We took it of course from the US, from the United States, where there had been a whole language of therapy and of feeling, and expressing emotions, and sharing emotions, which had started in the 60s but hadn't really spread to Britain until the 90s. A

12、nd you have all this language like "caring and sharing", "getting in touch with your feelings", "emotional literacy" and the idea that you could become "emotionally literate", that emotion is something you can learn, like learning to read. Task  

13、;3【答案】A. 1) c)   2) c)    3) a)    4) b)B.1) F    2) T    3) F     4) T【原文】“You have to grab life by the throat and go for itthere are few second chances.”That is the life phi

14、losophy of Somerville cancer survivor Carolynn Merks, who is learning to fly in spite of the limitations of two artificial knees.The 53-year-old registered nurse, who works in pathology in Hastings, can bend her knees only partially but said learning to fly was a goal she was determined to achieve.“

15、Three years ago I was hit with breast cancer and them I lost a close friend with the same disease,” she said. “It made me take stock of my life and totally changed my thinking. I realized you only have one chance in life as there are no dress rehearsals. I dont want to wait around for my cancer to c

16、ome back ,so I decided to try to achieve my dreams and goals in life.”Mrs. Merks has already completed 34 out 150 hours of solo flying time and is about to sit in her second of seven major exams to gain the difficult commercial helicopter pilots license.The only constraint she acknowledges is that o

17、f financesit is predicted to cost about $55,000 in total to gain her license.“Draining the fuel, checking for water in the fuel line and checking for oil are the only tricky parts, because I have to bend my knees as far as they go, but I manage it because I am determined,” she said. “Not even my hus

18、bands distinct lack of enthusiasm was going to change my mind. Helicopter flying is a lot more difficult than fixed wingit is the harder of the two, but it is something I have always wanted to do. I feel I have to give it my best shot, try hard, and if I fail at least I can go to my grave saying, we

19、ll at least I tried. And when I complete this, my next goal is learning to play the saxophone!” Task  4【答案】A.1) What truly is logic? Who decides reason?2) It is only in love that any logic or reasons can be found.3) Harvard Law Schools Graduation Ceremony4) "The law is reason fre

20、e from passion.”5) The speakers 65th birthday.6) They go by in a blink.B.1) numbers, logics, reason, physical, mysterious equations of love2) passion, a key ingredient, law, life, courage of conviction, strong sense of self, first impressions, have faith in people, have faith in yourself3) sneak awa

21、y, glorious, memory, ups and downs, for a night, break precedent, one-candle wish, as lucky as mine, I don't want anything more【原文】Extract 1John Nash:Thank you. I've always believed in numbers and the equations and logics that lead to reason. But after alifetime of such pursuits, I ask, &quo

22、t;What truly is logic? Who decides reason?"My quest has taken me through the physical, the metaphysical, the delusional, and back. And I have made the most important discovery of my career, the most important discovery of my life: It is only in the mysterious equations of love that any logic or

23、 reasons can be found.I'm only here tonight because of you his wife, Alicia.You are the reason I am. You are all my reasons.Thank you.Extract 2:Professor Stromwell:I am, personally, very honored to introduce this year's class-elected speaker. After getting off a quite interesting start here

24、at Harvard, she graduates today with an invitation to join one of Boston's most prestigious law firms. I am sure we are going to see great things from her. Ladies and Gentlemen: Elle Woods.Elle Woods:On our very first day at Harvard, a very wise Professor quoted Aristotle: "The law is reaso

25、n free from passion.”Well, no offense to Aristotle, but in my three years at Harvard I have come to find that passion is a key ingredient to the study and practice of law, and of life. It is with passion, courage of conviction, and strong sense of self that we take our next step into the world, reme

26、mbering that first impressions are not always correct. You must always have faith in people. And most importantly, you must always have faith in yourself.    Congratulations, class of 2004we did it!Extract 3:William Parrish:I thought I was going to sneak away tonight. What a glor

27、ious night! Every face I see is a memory. It may not be a perfectly perfect memory. Sometimes we've had our ups and downs. But we're all together. You're minefor a night. And I'm going to break precedence and tell you my one-candle wish: that you would have a life as lucky as mine, w

28、here you can wake up one morning and say, "I don't want anything more."Sixty-five years, don't they go by in a blink Task  5【答案】A.Title: The New Ethics: A Guided Tour of the Twenty-First Century Moral LandscapeAuthor: Anita Allen (Professor of law and

29、philosophy at the University of Pennsylvania)Description: A professional and personal look at how life in America is changing with an eye on this question: Dow we need new ethics in this new age?B.1) Where?the business sector, politics, government, education, journalism, spo

30、rtsWhat?lying, cheating, fraud, plagiarism; violation of clear-cut rules2) What?options offered by science and technology3) What?not knowing how to deal with other people  underinvolvement in the political process, in our neighborhoods and in the community【原文】Joe Palca: Is behaving ethical

31、ly getting more complicated in the early years of the 21st century? Is it more acceptable to lie, cheat or just bend the rules a little bit in order to succeed in our highly competitive world? Are the scandals involving Enron, Tyco and Martha Stewart the exceptions, or are they just the ones we know

32、 about? And what about the new problems brought on by science? If we could use genetics to make our children smarter, should we? Anita Allen has been grappling with questions like these. She is a professor of law and philosophy at the University of Pennsylvania and the author of a new book called

33、60;The New Ethics: A Guided Tour of the Twenty-First Century Moral Landscape. Her book is a professional and personal look at how life in America is changing with an eye on this question: Do we need new ethics in this new age? Thanks very much for joining us on the show today.Prof. Allen: Good to be

34、 with you.Joe Palca: So you say in your book that our ethical map used to be clear, or at least clearer. What do you mean by that?Prof. Allen: Well, it used to be that you grow up and, you know, if you were a girl, you were probably going to be a mom, a teacher, a wife, learn how to cook and sew, an

35、d you had to simply learn how to master the roles set out for you with grace and poise and virtue. And if you were a guy, you had to learn how to take care of a family and mow the lawn, and so forth. But nowadays, we have a perplexing array of ethical problems that seem to be not adequately handled

36、by turning to traditional values. And we have a lot of choices to make. And these choices that we have to make call upon us to really bend over backwards to figure out what to do.Joe Palca: So you break these problems down basically into three distinct areas, or three distinct kinds of problems, tha

37、t are caused by these changes. Can you tell us about them?Prof. Allen: Sure. So I look out on the ethics scene and I see sort of three predominant features. The first one is massive ethical failure in just about every sector: the business sector, politics, government, education, journalism, sports.

38、There's lying, cheating, fraud, plagiarism; violation of clear-cut rules. That's one huge area of concern. The second area of concern is the area of ethical novelty. And this is where, you know, science and technology are giving us all these options. We can use genetic testing; we can donate

39、 organs; we can become guinea pigs in experiments; we can eat meat or not eat meat because of, you know, radiation and genetic engineering. And all these new things require us to make choices that we didn't have to make before, and we're all suddenly feeling very perplexed and clueless. And

40、then finally, the last big feature I focus on in the book is something I call complacent island syndrome. And what 1 mean by that label is there are a lot of us who just don't know how to deal with other people. We don't like other people who aren't like ourselves, we don't tolerate

41、other groups. We don't care adequately about one another. And so this gets reflected in our underinvolvement in the political process, in our neighborhoods and, in general, in the community.Task  6【答案】1) Because of the Internet, radio and television/24-hour news coverage.2) She thinks

42、there is more social equality (there are better racial equality laws, better gender equality laws; people are more concerned about the poor; they have more poverty programs, more social safety nets).3) Congress announced in 1998 that there were record levels of youth crime and pregnancy and teen pre

43、gnancy and substance abuse.4) Twelve suggestions on better ethics.5) To take themselves more seriously, to realize that they have a unique capacity to figure out what's right and then to do it; to resist temptations, to accept blame and to learn from their mistakes; to be cleaner competitors; to

44、 nurture fair-minded youth; and to acknowledge interdependence.6) She wants people to look for the hidden ethical issues.【原文】Joe Palca: Well, lets take these one at a time because I think theyre all three very interesting areas to think about. But lets talk about this concept of, you know, this lyin

45、g and cheating. And youre absolutely right. There seems to be no day that that passes where we dont hear about some malfeasance of even some well-respected person. The question I have really, though, is: Is it worse? I mean, is it the fact that we have a 24-hour news cycle, that there's so much

46、more investigative things that an example of malfeasance that might have taken place or a cheating scandal or fraud or something that took place in the hinterlands 20 or 30 years ago might be overlooked by the national media, now, you know, it's front page everywhere and the media covers it? I m

47、ean, is it really different, or are we just seeing more of it?Prof. Alien: Well, my own view is that we're seeing more of it. I do think that in the past, as you point out, you could do something quite horrible and yet no one would know about it outside your immediate community. But now with the

48、 Internet, with radio and television, people know about what's going on all over. So things seem to be generally in a spiraling-down mode. But I do think in some ways things are better, because we do have more social equality. We have better racial equality laws, better gender equality laws. You

49、 know, in some ways, we're more concerned about the poor than we were in our great-grandparents' generation. We have more poverty programs, more social safety nets. So, in some ways, we're better. But there is this sense that things are really bad. And, you know, in 1998, Congress announ

50、ced that there were record levels of youth crime and pregnancy and teen pregnancy and substance abuse, and sort of. saw this as the symbol of a great spiraling down. So while you might say that there are some things that are better, you might also say there are things that are a little worse.Joe Pol

51、ca: So one of the things, also, that I like about the book is at the end you've provided some.Well, they're not rules, but they're suggestions for a better ethics. Can you talk a little bit about what people should be doing?Prof. Allen: Well, you know, I didn't want to try to rewrite

52、 the Ten Commandments, but it struck me that.Joe Palca: No, they did a pretty good job with those, huh?Prof. Allen: They did a pretty goodMoses did a pretty good job when he came down from the mountain. But I did want to offer people something concrete and kind of a take-away message, and so I have

53、this Agenda for Better Ethics. It has 12 imperatives on it, and they arc intended to be directly responsive to our current context, yon know. So I urge people to, for example, take themselves more seriously, to realize that they have a unique capacity to figure out what's right and then to do it

54、. I urge people to resist temptations, to accept blame and to learn from their mistakes. I urge people to be cleaner competitors. I think one of the reasons why we're so concerned about the upcoming presidential debates is that we're afraid that we won't see clean competition, that we

55、9;ll see dirty competition. But I think being a cleaner competitor is a very important ethical goal for our times. I think not trying to outthink ethics is an important goal; that is to say, trusting that if you do follow the ethical rules, you won't end up in the poorhouse. You'll do okay i

56、n business, you'll do okay in school, you'll do okay in the Olympics, if you follow the rules. We need to nurture fair-minded youthget kids to think about fairness and to behave fairly, to look for the hidden ethical issues that lay behind, you know. So I talk about cosmetic surgery in my bo

57、ok. A lot of people are quite comfortable getting breast jobs or nose jobs, but I raise the question, you know: Might there be some hidden ethical issues behind some of the choices we make that may actually have impacts on others or may say things about ourselves that we really don't intend? Tha

58、t's an important one. So most of them are things I talk about in the book. And I think that a couple of the rules that I suggest, like acknowledging interdependence, go directly to my last theme of the complacent island syndrome. I mean, I think that one reason to get out there and vote in Novem

59、ber is because we are interdependent. We are dependent upon one mother for our political futures, and by not expressing our vote we're kind of saying, "Well, l don't think my preferences matter" or "I don't care enough about other people's lives in order to share my pe

60、rspective with them."Joe Palca: Okay, Anita Allen, we have to stop there. Thanks so much for joining us. Task 7【答案】.the best thing a man can do with his life, goal, objective.A. Enjoying refined pleasures, work an unfulfilling and unrewarding jobB. Earning a good name for yoursel

61、f, a career in public serviceC. Appreciating and understanding the universeD. personal and financial independence.A. skills, knowledgeB. live well, fare well.A. the best thing in the worldB. politics, economics, wisdom.A. rationalB. Discipline, education.B. contemplation of god, the irrational part of the soul.entirely excellent activity, moderate good fortune【原文】Every young man asks