海淀二模英語作文講評(píng)復(fù)習(xí)進(jìn)程

1、海淀二模英語作文講評(píng) 主要考查考生根據(jù)寫作任務(wù)的要求主要考查考生根據(jù)寫作任務(wù)的要求進(jìn)行英語書面表達(dá)的能力進(jìn)行英語書面表達(dá)的能力 1. 根據(jù)不同文體，使用恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z言形式根據(jù)不同文體，使用恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z言形式完成書面交際任務(wù)；完成書面交際任務(wù)； 2. 運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)木涫?、詞匯和語法，敘述、運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)木涫?、詞匯和語法，敘述、描述、表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度；描述、表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度； 3. 做到文章扣題、內(nèi)容充實(shí)、結(jié)構(gòu)完整、做到文章扣題、內(nèi)容充實(shí)、結(jié)構(gòu)完整、邏輯性強(qiáng)、語義連貫。邏輯性強(qiáng)、語義連貫。情景作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)情景作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第一檔 優(yōu)秀（18 20分）：完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。 覆蓋了所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)覆蓋了所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)；

2、運(yùn)用了多樣的句式多樣的句式和豐富的詞匯豐富的詞匯； 語法或用詞方面有個(gè)別錯(cuò)誤，但為盡可能表達(dá)豐富的內(nèi)容所致；體現(xiàn)了較強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用能力； 有效地使用了語句間的連接成分，所寫內(nèi)容連貫內(nèi)容連貫、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。 完全達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。 應(yīng)考慮內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)的完整性、上下文的連貫、應(yīng)考慮內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)的完整性、上下文的連貫、詞匯詞匯和句式的多樣性及語言的準(zhǔn)確性和句式的多樣性及語言的準(zhǔn)確性。情景作文情景作文 假設(shè)近日你在網(wǎng)上參加了一場(chǎng)假設(shè)近日你在網(wǎng)上參加了一場(chǎng)關(guān)于高考英語是否應(yīng)該一年關(guān)于高考英語是否應(yīng)該一年多考的討論多考的討論，人們對(duì)此見解不一。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表提示，用英，人們對(duì)此見解不一。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表提示，用英語寫

3、一篇稿件，語寫一篇稿件，簡述兩種觀點(diǎn)并表明你的態(tài)度。簡述兩種觀點(diǎn)并表明你的態(tài)度。 注意：注意：1.稿件的開頭已為你寫好。稿件的開頭已為你寫好。 2.詞數(shù)不少于詞數(shù)不少于60。支支 持持擔(dān)擔(dān) 憂憂迎合高考改革的需要迎合高考改革的需要增加師生負(fù)擔(dān)增加師生負(fù)擔(dān)學(xué)生能獲得更多機(jī)會(huì)學(xué)生能獲得更多機(jī)會(huì)浪費(fèi)人力、財(cái)力及其他社浪費(fèi)人力、財(cái)力及其他社會(huì)資源會(huì)資源減輕家長和學(xué)生的壓力減輕家長和學(xué)生的壓力話題：話題：Whether more MET opportunities should be provided each year.文體：文體：論說：觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比類論說：觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比類 （簡述兩種觀點(diǎn)并表明自己的觀點(diǎn)）（簡

4、述兩種觀點(diǎn)并表明自己的觀點(diǎn)）時(shí)態(tài)：時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主 人稱人稱：第三人稱（簡述兩種觀點(diǎn)）第三人稱（簡述兩種觀點(diǎn)） 第一人稱（個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)）第一人稱（個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)）審文字審文字要點(diǎn)和細(xì)節(jié)要點(diǎn)和細(xì)節(jié)段落一：問題和現(xiàn)象（已給出）段落一：問題和現(xiàn)象（已給出）段落二：段落二： 有一些人持支持態(tài)度有一些人持支持態(tài)度（主題句）（主題句）： 1）迎合高考改革的需要）迎合高考改革的需要 2）學(xué)生能獲得更多機(jī)會(huì)）學(xué)生能獲得更多機(jī)會(huì) 3）減輕家長和學(xué)生的壓力。）減輕家長和學(xué)生的壓力。段落三：段落三： 有一些人持擔(dān)憂的態(tài)度有一些人持擔(dān)憂的態(tài)度（主題句）（主題句）： 1）增加師生負(fù)擔(dān)）增加師生負(fù)擔(dān) 2）浪費(fèi)人力

5、、財(cái)力及其他社會(huì)資源）浪費(fèi)人力、財(cái)力及其他社會(huì)資源段落四：我的觀點(diǎn)是段落四：我的觀點(diǎn)是-（主旨句）。原因一二?？偨Y(jié)。（主旨句）。原因一二?？偨Y(jié)。問題：問題：1. 書寫不規(guī)范書寫不規(guī)范, 涂改不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，卷面亂，難辨認(rèn)涂改不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，卷面亂，難辨認(rèn)2. 整體時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤；過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在時(shí)混用整體時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤；過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在時(shí)混用3. 不按英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)組建句子。不按英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)組建句子。4. 簡單翻譯，句式簡單，羅列。沒有連接詞，沒簡單翻譯，句式簡單，羅列。沒有連接詞，沒 有適當(dāng)?shù)奶砑?，缺乏邏輯性，語言質(zhì)量低。有適當(dāng)?shù)奶砑?，缺乏邏輯性，語言質(zhì)量低。5.文章結(jié)構(gòu)安排不合理，兩種觀點(diǎn)沒有分段寫，文章結(jié)構(gòu)安排不合理，兩種觀

6、點(diǎn)沒有分段寫，個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)篇幅過長或缺乏個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)篇幅過長或缺乏個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。6. 表達(dá)不準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)不準(zhǔn)確問題：問題：1.影響文章主旨的單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤（嚴(yán)重）影響文章主旨的單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤（嚴(yán)重） testtext reformevolution/revolution vainvein resourcesource2.時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤（表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)識(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤（表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)識(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)） 三單的動(dòng)詞形式，三單的動(dòng)詞形式，3.語言表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤多語言表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤多 cater for/to the need offit meet the need of4.用詞不考慮詞性用詞不考慮詞性 get rid of ne

7、rvous- opposite adj oppose （v.）5.文章結(jié)構(gòu)不清，正反方意見放在同一段落。文章結(jié)構(gòu)不清，正反方意見放在同一段落。6.名詞的數(shù)名詞的數(shù) more chances/more opportunities much more pressure many more resources7. because引導(dǎo)的從句（只有從句沒有主句）引導(dǎo)的從句（只有從句沒有主句）典型錯(cuò)誤舉例典型錯(cuò)誤舉例 雙謂語：雙謂語：There are people support (正確應(yīng)該用：正確應(yīng)該用：supporting) that 詞匯選擇：改革：不能用詞匯選擇：改革：不能用revolution

8、，應(yīng)該用，應(yīng)該用reform a waste of money, people (labor人力人力) and other social resources. 搭配：搭配：provide students (with) more opportunities Match (meet) the needs of (for) MET reform feel stressful (stressed) 連接詞：連接詞：on the one hand, on the other hand 詞性錯(cuò)誤：詞性錯(cuò)誤：It can relief (relieve) stress. They (are) agains

9、t the idea. 迎合高考改革的需要：迎合高考改革的需要：cater to/for the needs for MET reform meet the requirements/demands for MET reform 學(xué)生能獲得更多的機(jī)會(huì)：學(xué)生能獲得更多的機(jī)會(huì)：Students can gain/get/obtain more chances Students can be provided with/be offered more opportunities 減輕家長和學(xué)生的壓力：減輕家長和學(xué)生的壓力：reduce/relieve the stress/pressure of b

10、oth parents and students 增加負(fù)擔(dān)：增加負(fù)擔(dān)：lay/place/impose a burden on sb. 浪費(fèi)人力、財(cái)力及其他社會(huì)資源浪費(fèi)人力、財(cái)力及其他社會(huì)資源waste (v.) money, labor/work force and other social resourcesa waste (n.) of money, labor and other social resources正確表達(dá)正確表達(dá)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)范文標(biāo)準(zhǔn)范文 Recently I have joined in a discussion on the Internet about whether mo

11、re MET opportunities should be provided each year. Of course, different people have different opinions on the issue. Some are in favor of this idea, while others express their worries about it.（與首句銜接）（與首句銜接） Those who are for this idea think that more test opportunities each year meets the need for

12、MET reform. It allows students to have more chances and also helps reduce the stress of both parents and students. Those who feel worried believe that more test opportunities each year will add too much of a burden to both students and teachers. Besides, it will be a waste of money, labor and other

13、social resources. As far as I am concerned, the more chances the better. More test opportunities each year will improve the fairness of MET.優(yōu)秀范文優(yōu)秀范文 抄寫抄寫 Recently I have joined in a discussion on the Internet about whether more MET opportunities should be provided each year. Different people have di

14、fferent opinions about the suggestion.(與與首句銜接首句銜接)Some people are supportive of the idea that MET should be held more than once in a year. （本段主題句）（本段主題句）They claim that such kind of action meets the demand for the MET reform. And despite that more opportunities of MET will surely provide students wi

15、th more chances, they may also help reduce the heavy stress of parents and students. Considering these benefits, they hold an optimistic attitude towards the change. （本段（本段總結(jié)）總結(jié)）On the contrary, there are people expressing their reasonable worries about the issue.（本段主題句）（本段主題句） They doubt the idea t

16、hat more chances will reduce stress and they believe, however, the increasing times of exams will actually become a heavier burden. Whats more, since to organize an exam of such a grand scale will definitely require lots of labor, money and other social resources, they dont regard it as a good idea

17、to hold the event several times each year. （本段總結(jié)）（本段總結(jié)） In my opinion, I am in favor of the latter that there is no need to provide more MET opportunities each year. （個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，主題句）（個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，主題句）Besides the points shown above, I also believe that as long as we students have made efforts and done our best, on

18、e chance is totally enough to evaluate the achievement of our studies.（原因）（原因） In a word, it is more important to improve your English than to have more exams that will give you a good grade. （總結(jié)）（總結(jié)） 4班班 王一丹王一丹 16分分 觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比作文觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比作文贊成贊成： agree to/with; be for; support; be in favor of；approve of, 贊成者贊成者

19、：supporters/defenders/ boosters/proponents/ those who are for/agree with/approve of 反對(duì)反對(duì)： object to; disagree to/ with; be against；be opposed to sth；反對(duì)者反對(duì)者: opponents/objectors/ rejecter/those who are against/disagree with/disapprove of同一說法注意用不同方式表達(dá)。同一說法注意用不同方式表達(dá)。句型： 總起總起: （不同的人有著不同的觀點(diǎn)）（不同的人有著不同的觀點(diǎn)）

20、 Different people hold different opinions. Opinions are mainly divided into two groups. People have（take/adopt/assume）different attitudes towards sth People have different opinions on this problem. People take different views on this question/issue. Opinions on this point differ from person to perso

21、n. 表達(dá)不同觀點(diǎn)表達(dá)不同觀點(diǎn): There are % of the people agreeing that/agreeing to sth. There are some people who agree/disagree that .% of the people are for/against sth. Half of the people are completely for sth. One third of the people are totally against sth. The majority of the people approve of the idea tha

22、t % of the people oppose/object to the idea that of them hold the opinion that . of them are in favor of the idea that People who are for/against the idea think Some people believe that. Others argue that 不同觀點(diǎn)之間的銜接不同觀點(diǎn)之間的銜接: However, of them hold a different view. / of them hold the opposite opinion

23、. People who are against it dont think so. However, each coin has two sides. Different from those., people think . On the other hand, people object that . Although more and more people come to believe, there are still others who insist that Some people argue thatOthers, in contrast, believe that On

24、the contrary, there are other people in favor of 60% of the students are for the idea, while 40% of the students think otherwise. 用于陳述個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的套句用于陳述個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的套句 In my opinion, we should attach more importance to. As far as I am concerned, I believe From my point of view/Personally, both sides are partly rig

25、ht in that As for my own idea about, I think My own point of view is that I support the statement that As for me, Im in favor of the opinion that 常用連接詞常用連接詞 遞進(jìn)：遞進(jìn)：firstly, first of all, in the first place, to begin/start with ,secondly , also, besides, in addition (to), moreover, furthermore, finall

26、yetc. for one thing,. for another thing 轉(zhuǎn)折：轉(zhuǎn)折：although, even though, however, on the other hand, therefore, in contrast ，on the contrary, nevertheless, while, despite, in spite of觀點(diǎn)作文模板觀點(diǎn)作文模板不同觀點(diǎn)列舉型（選擇型）不同觀點(diǎn)列舉型（選擇型） There is a widespread concern over the issue that (作文題目作文題目). But it is well known t

27、hat the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that (觀點(diǎn)一觀點(diǎn)一). In their views, there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows. In the first place, (原因一原因一). Furthermore, in the second place, (原因二原因二). So it goes without saying that (觀觀

28、點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)一) People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that (觀點(diǎn)二觀點(diǎn)二). In their point of view, For one thing, (原因一原因一). For another thing, (原因二原因二). Therefore, there is no doubt that(觀點(diǎn)二觀點(diǎn)二). As far as Im concerned, I firmly support the view that (觀點(diǎn)一或二觀點(diǎn)一或二). It is

29、 not only because _, but also because_. The more_, the more _. 利弊型的議論文利弊型的議論文 Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)(作文題目作文題目). In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in (題目議題目議題題). Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as f

30、ollows. Firstly, (優(yōu)點(diǎn)一優(yōu)點(diǎn)一) And secondly, (優(yōu)點(diǎn)二優(yōu)點(diǎn)二). Just as a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides.”(討論議題討論議題)is no exception, and in other word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, (缺點(diǎn)一缺點(diǎn)一). In addition, (缺點(diǎn)二缺點(diǎn)二). To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of (討論議題討論議題)into

31、full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the (討論議題討論議題). 1）分類：）分類： 今昔對(duì)比、 正反觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比、數(shù)據(jù)分析對(duì)比2）審題：）審題： 文體：文體：對(duì)比類記敘文/說明文/議論文 時(shí)態(tài)：時(shí)態(tài)：一般過去時(shí)；一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 人稱：人稱：根據(jù)文字提示而定2、對(duì)比類、對(duì)比類結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：三段式：今昔對(duì)比：今昔對(duì)比：主題句-描述過去情況-描述現(xiàn)在情況-總結(jié)句正反觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比：正反

32、觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比：提出問題-介紹兩種不同觀點(diǎn)-對(duì)兩種不同觀點(diǎn)的論據(jù)逐項(xiàng)進(jìn)行對(duì)比-個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)及理由數(shù)據(jù)分析對(duì)比：數(shù)據(jù)分析對(duì)比：提出現(xiàn)象-數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比-得出結(jié)論2、對(duì)比類、對(duì)比類3）表達(dá)技巧：）表達(dá)技巧：a) 采用何種對(duì)比方式？采用何種對(duì)比方式？ b)如何過渡？如何過渡？c)語言特點(diǎn)？語言特點(diǎn)？ 策略策略1 1：(1)(1)集中比較或?qū)Ρ龋姓f明一個(gè)對(duì)象的諸種特征）集中比較或?qū)Ρ龋姓f明一個(gè)對(duì)象的諸種特征）(2)(2)逐條比較或?qū)Ρ龋ㄒ粭l一條地說明兩者的異同）逐條比較或?qū)Ρ龋ㄒ粭l一條地說明兩者的異同）Compared withDifferent fromUnlike; besideson the other

33、 handjust on the oppositewhats more/worse In short/brief/conclusion策略策略2 2：突出主題句、支持方，層次分明，語言簡潔，：突出主題句、支持方，層次分明，語言簡潔，用詞準(zhǔn)確用詞準(zhǔn)確usedto,butnow inthepast,butnow once,butnow Wevehadafiercediscussionoverwhetherweshouldmakefriendsonline. Opinionsaredividedonthequestion. Opinionsonthispointdifferfrompersontop

34、erson. Everycoinhastwosides. 76%ofthestudentsagreetohaveatry,while/whereas24%disagreewiththeidea. Thesupportersthink.Whatsmore,.Moreover,. However,thoseagainsttheideaarguethatforthefollowingreasons.Firstly,Secondly,今昔對(duì)比今昔對(duì)比觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比數(shù)據(jù)分析數(shù)據(jù)分析語言附件 必須有一段對(duì)圖片的描寫；必須有一段對(duì)圖片的描寫； 議論必須建立在描寫的基礎(chǔ)上；議論必須建立在描寫的基礎(chǔ)上； 只有

35、議論為第三檔，只有描述最高只有只有議論為第三檔，只有描述最高只有5分；分； 觀點(diǎn)能夠自圓其說，語言要跟上自己的邏輯；觀點(diǎn)能夠自圓其說，語言要跟上自己的邏輯； 只講一方面不注重全局，最高只講一方面不注重全局，最高8分；分； 雙立意，如果立意都可接受，最高雙立意，如果立意都可接受，最高9分。分。開放作文評(píng)分參考開放作文評(píng)分參考開放作文開放作文 請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面提示，寫一篇短文。詞數(shù)不少于請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面提示，寫一篇短文。詞數(shù)不少于50。 In your English class, you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to

36、 your classmates how you understand it.劃船：劃船：row the boat 槳：槳：paddles淺：淺：shallow （adj.）寫作思路寫作思路1、圖畫中的要素是什么？、圖畫中的要素是什么？2、要素之間有何關(guān)系？、要素之間有何關(guān)系？3、如何理解這幅圖？、如何理解這幅圖？ 4、從中得到什么觀點(diǎn)？、從中得到什么觀點(diǎn)？篇章結(jié)構(gòu)：篇章結(jié)構(gòu)：描圖描圖-解圖解圖-議圖議圖-圓圖圓圖多個(gè)物象的議論多個(gè)物象的議論 圖中出圖中出現(xiàn)多個(gè)物象現(xiàn)多個(gè)物象時(shí)，描圖和時(shí)，描圖和議論時(shí)注意議論時(shí)注意抓住漫畫所抓住漫畫所表達(dá)的表達(dá)的主要主要矛盾矛盾，要有，要有的放矢、中的放矢、中

37、心突出。心突出。分析圖中要素分析圖中要素The water is too shallow.The man is rowing the boat with difficulty.Its obvious the boat cannot move. 圖中主要元素：船，水，人圖中主要元素：船，水，人主要矛盾：水淺，人再費(fèi)力可船卻劃不動(dòng)主要矛盾：水淺，人再費(fèi)力可船卻劃不動(dòng)附件 三思而后行；三思而后行； 認(rèn)清環(huán)境再采取措施；認(rèn)清環(huán)境再采取措施； 做事要注意方法得當(dāng)；做事要注意方法得當(dāng)； 其他能夠自圓其說的具有積極向上其他能夠自圓其說的具有積極向上 意義的與圖中物象能夠合情合理聯(lián)意義的與圖中物象能夠合情合理

38、聯(lián) 系起來的立意。系起來的立意。 參考答案外還可以接受的立意參考答案外還可以接受的立意附件 分清自身優(yōu)劣勢(shì)；分清自身優(yōu)劣勢(shì)； 尋求他人幫助；尋求他人幫助； 遵守自然規(guī)律；遵守自然規(guī)律； 形式至關(guān)重要；形式至關(guān)重要； 其他不能自圓其說的沒有積極向上意義其他不能自圓其說的沒有積極向上意義的與圖中物象聯(lián)系牽強(qiáng)的立意。的與圖中物象聯(lián)系牽強(qiáng)的立意。 不可以接受的立意不可以接受的立意1、審題：審題： 看不懂圖，造成立意錯(cuò)誤?？床欢畧D，造成立意錯(cuò)誤。2、寫作技巧：寫作技巧： 描圖和議論脫節(jié)。描圖和議論脫節(jié)。 展開議論時(shí)，表述不清，邏輯混亂。展開議論時(shí)，表述不清，邏輯混亂。 議論空洞，缺乏內(nèi)容。議論空洞，缺乏

39、內(nèi)容。3、思維能力：思維能力：比較簡單，不夠活躍。比較簡單，不夠活躍。4、語言基本功：語言基本功：時(shí)態(tài)、單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤多時(shí)態(tài)、單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤多 問題：問題：良好的邏輯思維能力良好的邏輯思維能力+扎實(shí)的語言基本功扎實(shí)的語言基本功標(biāo)準(zhǔn)范文標(biāo)準(zhǔn)范文 In the picture, a man is rowing a boat with great difficulty. However, the water in the river is too shallow for the boat to move on. Obviously, it is difficult to move the boat no

40、 matter how hard he tries. The picture tries to convey the message that it is important to build a solid foundation if we want to succeed. We can learn this lesson in real life. Take study for example. If we dont have basic knowledge and essential ability, we may fail to achieve our goals even if we

41、 work hard. Just like the man in the picture, he cant move forward as expected because water is not deep enough for the boat. Therefore, a good foundation is the key to success. As can be seen from the picture, a man is trying really hard to move the paddles to make his boat go ahead. However, he ac

42、tually is stuck there since the river is too shallow for the boat to move on. I think the picture conveys the message that we should find proper ways according to the situations when faced with problems. The man in the picture doesnt consider the depth of the river thus he chooses a wrong way to mov

43、e the boat and end up making effort in vain. Similarly in our life, chances are that we fail to analyze the situation, when we want to achieve a goal fast, and finally we realize that we are wasting time and effort. In order to prevent such kind of mistake from happening, what we must do before taki

44、ng action is to think twice and figure out the most efficient way of doing it. Measure the depth, and perhaps the man will come up with other ideas to go across the river much faster and with less strength. In a word, the importance of the right way to deal with things should never be too much stres

45、sed. Not only does it help us to avoid wasting time and energy, it also lets us complete tasks or solve problems more efficiently. 王一丹王一丹 12分分 兩個(gè)物象的議論兩個(gè)物象的議論圖中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)主要物象時(shí)，圖中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)主要物象時(shí)，描圖和議論時(shí)注意兩者之間描圖和議論時(shí)注意兩者之間的的對(duì)比對(duì)比關(guān)系。這是最近幾年關(guān)系。這是最近幾年高考的熱點(diǎn)。高考的熱點(diǎn)。 2006年雕塑老者和少女；年雕塑老者和少女； 2007年大鳥和小鳥；年大鳥和小鳥； 2008年的鉛筆和圓規(guī)。年的鉛筆

46、和圓規(guī)。 兩個(gè)物象的議論兩個(gè)物象的議論圖中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)主要物象時(shí)，未必一定是兩者的圖中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)主要物象時(shí)，未必一定是兩者的對(duì)比。對(duì)比。 開放作文寫作指導(dǎo)開放作文寫作指導(dǎo)（一）看圖說話類（一）看圖說話類 1、現(xiàn)象型、現(xiàn)象型 2、抽象型、抽象型 3、主題型、主題型（二）提綱類（計(jì)劃、建議、可能（二）提綱類（計(jì)劃、建議、可能性等）性等）（三）續(xù)寫類（以故事為主）（三）續(xù)寫類（以故事為主）分分 類類得分點(diǎn)：得分點(diǎn)： 文章文章是否扣題是否扣題 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整是否完整 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容是否充實(shí)、健康是否充實(shí)、健康 思維思維是否活躍是否活躍 邏輯邏輯是否清晰是否清晰 語言語言是否規(guī)范是否規(guī)范 交際交際是否得體是否得體

47、扣分點(diǎn)：？扣分點(diǎn)：？文體不對(duì)文體不對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)不全結(jié)構(gòu)不全立意跑偏立意跑偏描議脫節(jié)描議脫節(jié) 要求：思維邏輯性與嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性要求：思維邏輯性與嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性（一）看圖說話類（一）看圖說話類1、審題、審題 文體：文體：議論文議論文 結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：描圖描圖1/3文字，議圖文字，議圖2/3文字文字 時(shí)態(tài)：時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般講來時(shí)等，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般講來時(shí)等，忌用忌用過去時(shí)過去時(shí) 人稱：人稱：描圖：第三人稱描圖：第三人稱 議圖：聯(lián)系實(shí)際最好用第一人稱議圖：聯(lián)系實(shí)際最好用第一人稱2、寫作指導(dǎo)、寫作指導(dǎo)1）關(guān)鍵詞？）關(guān)鍵詞？要素-細(xì)節(jié)-聯(lián)系 2）寫作步驟？）寫作步驟？例：2010年 海淀期中 開放作文（15分）請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面提示

48、，寫一篇短文。詞數(shù)不少于50。In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.寫作步驟細(xì)節(jié)細(xì)節(jié)2：“高桌子高桌子”代表什么？代表什么？仔細(xì)找要素：仔細(xì)找要素：大狗、小狗、香腸、高桌子大狗、小狗、香腸、高桌子認(rèn)真審細(xì)節(jié)：認(rèn)真審細(xì)節(jié)： 細(xì)節(jié)細(xì)節(jié)1：“大狗的背大狗的背”代表什么？代表什么？大狗的背大狗的背-父母或他人的關(guān)父母或他人的關(guān)心、支持、幫助、愛、肩

49、膀、心、支持、幫助、愛、肩膀、力量等力量等高桌子高桌子-面臨的困難、挑戰(zhàn)、面臨的困難、挑戰(zhàn)、麻煩、壓力等麻煩、壓力等 2010年年 海淀期中海淀期中分析要素與細(xì)節(jié)的聯(lián)系，揭示要素寓意角度：分析要素與細(xì)節(jié)的聯(lián)系，揭示要素寓意角度：香腸（香腸（sausage）:desires,ambitions,dreams,goals,achievements, concerns,success, hope 大狗（大狗（the big dog）:parents, adults, teachers, friends,those who help us to realize our dreams，people wh

50、o have great power or abilities 小狗（小狗（the little dog）:children, kids, those who need help from others 從小狗角度：從小狗角度： a、借他山之石、借他山之石 The picture reminds me of the importance of other peoples help. We should catch every opportunity to get help from others on the way of longing for success. b、學(xué)會(huì)感恩、學(xué)會(huì)感恩 To

51、 my understanding, the picture conveys the message of gratitude. From the picture, I gain the message that no matter how we have reached, never can we forget who bring us up and who make the person we are today.多角度選擇立意多角度選擇立意: 大狗、小狗、兩者大狗、小狗、兩者 從大狗的角度：從大狗的角度： 父母給我們力量 In my opinion, the picture intend

52、s to illustrate the idea that its our parents who pave the road for us to achieve a new height.從兩者的角度：從兩者的角度： 學(xué)會(huì)合作學(xué)會(huì)合作 What the picture wants to convey to us is that cooperation among people is vital to success. From this picture, we can learn that cooperation is what helps us to get a win-win situa

53、tion. Cooperation can bring benefits to everyone.多角度選擇立意多角度選擇立意: 大狗、小狗、兩者大狗、小狗、兩者 描圖（白描，要素間建立聯(lián)系，為議圖作好鋪墊）描圖（白描，要素間建立聯(lián)系，為議圖作好鋪墊）構(gòu)思立意句：構(gòu)思立意句： What the picture gets across/conveys to us is the message that 建立過渡句（揭示要素與立意間的聯(lián)系）建立過渡句（揭示要素與立意間的聯(lián)系） The sausage is to the little dog what dreams and goals are to

54、 us people. The mother dogs back represents parents love and support on the way we pursue our dreams.選擇論證方法：選擇論證方法： 自圓其說，自然扣圖，邏輯清晰，交際得體自圓其說，自然扣圖，邏輯清晰，交際得體 a.釋義法釋義法 b.正反論證法正反論證法 c.例證法例證法結(jié)尾升華立意：采用強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句、呼吁等形式結(jié)尾升華立意：采用強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句、呼吁等形式3）表達(dá)技巧？）表達(dá)技巧？ 描議一體要素：要素：2個(gè)杯子個(gè)杯子+杯中物杯中物+笑臉笑臉笑臉代表什么？笑臉代表什么？杯子代表什么？杯子代表什么？

55、杯中物代表什么？杯中物代表什么？2010年年 海淀期末考試開放作文海淀期末考試開放作文 As can be seen in the picture, the two cups are smiling, regardless of how much water they each have. One cup is almost full while the other is not. The picture indicates that people should always be optimistic, no matter what they have. Just as is shown,

56、the two cups with different amount of water are both happy. I think that they are both pleased to serve people with all they have. They may represent common people in our life. Whether rich or poor, we should be happy to do something for society. Thus we can learn that giving is the source of happin

57、ess. 描圖為議論鋪墊描圖為議論鋪墊議圖以描圖為基礎(chǔ)議圖以描圖為基礎(chǔ)1）描圖：）描圖： In the picture, we can see As the picture shows/tells/presents,2）過渡句：）過渡句： What the picture gets across/conveys to us is the message that Just as the picture shows, It is the same with; As is often the case, 3、常用的表達(dá)、常用的表達(dá)3）表達(dá)個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)：）表達(dá)個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)： As for me, As fa

58、r as I am concerned, I To me, Actually, I Personally, I From my perspective, To my mind/understanding In my opinion/view,3、常用的表達(dá)、常用的表達(dá)1）現(xiàn)象型）現(xiàn)象型特征：特征： 圖片多以人與物出現(xiàn)，直觀地反映出某種現(xiàn)象。圖片多以人與物出現(xiàn)，直觀地反映出某種現(xiàn)象。結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： 1、描圖：、描圖：從人與物之間的矛盾入手，突出主題從人與物之間的矛盾入手，突出主題 2、議圖：、議圖：總分總結(jié)構(gòu)總分總結(jié)構(gòu) 過渡：過渡：點(diǎn)明現(xiàn)象，提出正面的觀點(diǎn)點(diǎn)明現(xiàn)象，提出正面的觀點(diǎn) 議論：議論：聯(lián)系

59、實(shí)際提出問題（普遍性）聯(lián)系實(shí)際提出問題（普遍性）-分析問題分析問題（危害性）（危害性）-解決問題（應(yīng)對(duì)措施）解決問題（應(yīng)對(duì)措施） 結(jié)尾：結(jié)尾：概括概括-總結(jié)總結(jié)-強(qiáng)調(diào)正面觀點(diǎn)，升華立意強(qiáng)調(diào)正面觀點(diǎn)，升華立意 2）抽象型）抽象型特征：特征：物與物結(jié)合或人與物結(jié)合物與物結(jié)合或人與物結(jié)合結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： 1、描圖：、描圖：重點(diǎn)白描要素間的主要細(xì)節(jié)特征重點(diǎn)白描要素間的主要細(xì)節(jié)特征和矛盾沖突，為議圖做鋪墊和矛盾沖突，為議圖做鋪墊 2、議圖：、議圖：總分總結(jié)構(gòu)總分總結(jié)構(gòu) 過渡：過渡：承上啟下，直截了當(dāng)點(diǎn)明立意（以正承上啟下，直截了當(dāng)點(diǎn)明立意（以正面、積極立意為上）面、積極立意為上） 闡述：闡述：揭示要素與寓意

60、間的聯(lián)系；聯(lián)系實(shí)際揭示要素與寓意間的聯(lián)系；聯(lián)系實(shí)際并扣圖說明立意。并扣圖說明立意。 結(jié)尾：結(jié)尾：倡議呼吁升華立意倡議呼吁升華立意3）主題型）主題型特征：特征：物與物結(jié)合或人與物結(jié)合，圖片直觀物與物結(jié)合或人與物結(jié)合，圖片直觀傳遞積極的主題。傳遞積極的主題。結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：1、描圖：、描圖：側(cè)重描寫物對(duì)人的影響或人對(duì)物側(cè)重描寫物對(duì)人的影響或人對(duì)物的態(tài)度兩個(gè)角度，為議圖做鋪墊的態(tài)度兩個(gè)角度，為議圖做鋪墊2、議圖：、議圖：包括解圖和圓圖兩個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)包括解圖和圓圖兩個(gè)環(huán)節(jié) 過渡：過渡：簡明扼要點(diǎn)名主題簡明扼要點(diǎn)名主題 闡述：闡述：解圖揭示人與物之間的相互影響與解圖揭示人與物之間的相互影響與作用，聯(lián)系實(shí)際闡明主題