新視野大學(xué)英語四課后題電子版

1、新視野大學(xué)英語四課后題電子版（第一、二、四、五單元課后題題）第一單元1 .As the gender barriers crumbled, the number of women working as lawyers, doctors, or bankers began to increase significantly form the mid-20th century.隨著性別障礙的瓦解，從20世紀(jì)中期開始，從事律師、醫(yī)生或銀行家工作的女性數(shù)量開始顯著 增加。2 .With the data collected each year, the owner of the shop

2、 can discern customer trends and how things like weather and economic indicators affect sales performance.通過每年收集的數(shù)據(jù)，店主可以了解顧客的趨勢，以及天氣和經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)對銷售業(yè)績的影響。3 .His supervisor pushes and motivates him in such a positive manner that he is not only able to reach but to surpass his personal goals.他的上司以一種積極的方式推動和激勵

3、他，使他不僅能夠達(dá)到，而且能夠超越自己的目標(biāo)。4 .He is a man with a(n) shrewd business sense. He has built his initial investment into a substantial and even excessively large fortune.他是個精明的生意人。他把最初的投資變成了一筆可觀的、甚至是巨額的財富。5 .The conversion of nuclear radiation directly into electricity was an exciting possibility that was be

4、ing vigorously explored in many laboratories in the 1950s.將核輻射直接轉(zhuǎn)化為電能是20世紀(jì)50年代許多實(shí)驗(yàn)室正在積極探索的一種令人興奮的可能性。1.1 was not only shocked but also disgusted that the report tried to distort the scientific facts in such a manner that even some highly-educated people were fooled.我不僅感到震驚，而且感到惡心，因?yàn)檫@份報告試圖歪曲科學(xué)事實(shí)，甚至一些

5、受過高等教育的人也被愚弄了。1.51 xty-two and blessed with his mother ' skin, the fisherman had withstood a lifetime of exposure to the sun and looked as radiant as a man in his forties.62歲的漁夫和他母親的皮膚很有福氣，他一生都在陽光下曝曬，看上去像四十多歲的人一樣容光煥發(fā)。8 .French educator Louis Braille invented a simple but ingenious code which has

6、 had an impact on the lives of generations of people who are blind.法國教育家路易斯布萊葉發(fā)明了一種簡單而巧妙的密碼，這種密碼對幾代盲人的生活產(chǎn)生了 影響。9 .The senators didn ' t expect us to ask such tough questions, and when we finally did, they got stumped and didn ' t know what to say.參議員們沒想到我們會問這么棘手的問題，當(dāng)我們終于提出時，他們被難住了 ，不知該說些什么。1

7、0 .This newly established university supports the proposition that a more diverse higher education system is desirable since it would enhance opportunities for lifelong learning.這所新成立的大學(xué)支持這樣的觀點(diǎn)：更多樣化的高等教育體系是可取的，因?yàn)樗鼘⒃黾咏K身學(xué) 習(xí)的機(jī)會。1 .Contrary to the predictions of some local economists, who always warned

8、that higher wages and benefits would lead to slower growth and business bankruptcies, these policies had exactly the opposite effect.與一些當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的預(yù)測相反，他們一直警告說，較高的工資和福利將導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)增長放緩和企業(yè)破產(chǎn)，這些政策的效果正好相反。2 .There are growing concerns about the climate effects, such as melting ice caps, droughts, floods, etc., du

9、e to rising atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations.由于大氣溫室氣體濃度上升，人們越來越擔(dān)心氣候影響，如冰蓋融化、干旱、洪水等。3 .Long considered one of the great delicacies, goose liver most commonly appears on the menu of French dishes in high-end restaurants.鵝肝一直被認(rèn)為是一道美味佳肴，在高檔餐廳的法式 菜肴菜單上最常見。4 .For the sake of the world ' s fut

10、ure prosperity and for its elimination of hunger and disease, reforms and innovations must be pursued with urgency.為了世界的未來繁榮和消除饑餓和疾病，改革和創(chuàng)新必須有緊迫感。5 .Many smart people became accountants instead of scientists because the science they were exposed to in school made accountancy seem more attractive by c

11、omparison.許多聰明人成為了會計(jì)而不是科學(xué)家，因?yàn)樗麄冊趯W(xué)校里接觸到的科學(xué)使會計(jì)相比之下更具吸引力。6 .Despite the deepening economic gloom, he believes automobile sales will likely grow vigorously over the next three years as long as loan interest rates remain low.盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)前景日益黯淡，但他相信只要貸款利率保持在較低水平，汽車銷售在未來三年可能會強(qiáng)勁增長。7 .The nearly high-tech park helps

12、 the university become a(n) magnet for some of the mostambitious young business minds form around the country.這個近乎高科技的公園讓這所大學(xué)成為吸引全國最具雄心的年輕人商業(yè)頭腦的磁石。8 .Photographs of this quality are rare among UFO Photographs, but in this particular shot you can clearly see a disc-shaped metallic object.這種質(zhì)量的照片在不明飛行

13、物照片中很少見，但在這張照片中，你可以清楚地看到一個圓盤狀的金屬物體。9 .Since the scope of agriculture is wide,the administrators and information personnel involved in it must have a good mastery of the field.由于農(nóng)業(yè)的范圍很廣，涉及農(nóng)業(yè)的管理人員和信息人員必須對該領(lǐng)域有很好的掌握。10 .Employers decide to create a(n) vacancy only when the expected profit of a filled o

14、job exceeds the hiring costs for a new employee.只有當(dāng)一份全職工作的預(yù)期利潤超過新員工的雇傭成本時，雇主才會決定創(chuàng)造一個職位空缺。11 .Parents often suffer deep feelings of guilt if their children fail to succeed, or don't into responsible and law-abiding members of society.如果孩子沒有成功或者沒有成為社會上負(fù)責(zé)任、遵紀(jì)守法的一員，父母往往會深感內(nèi)疚。12.I respect the need fo

15、r secrecy at a particular point in family life. But I do believe that family members do better when they can speak openly about things that really matter.我尊重在家庭生活中某個特定時刻保守秘密的需要。但我相信家庭成員在公開談?wù)撜嬲匾氖虑闀r會做得 更好。六Have you ever heard People say that they tend to be more of a right-brain or left-brain thinke

16、r?From books to television programs, you have probably heard the term 1)C mentioned(提至 U)numerous times, or perhaps you have even taken an online test to 2)I determine which type best describes you.Do different parts of the brain really control different bodily and mental functions? Over the years,

17、a theory that has 3)A gained in popularity is that the right brain and the left brain are 4)O responsible for different modes of thought and that the way in which a person thinks will depend on which side of his brain works more actively.People who rely more 5)F heavily on the right half of their br

18、ain tend to be more imaginative and spontaneous. They are interested in patterns, shapes and sizes, for the right brain is associated with 6)H artistic ability like singing, painting writing poetry, etc. Left-brain dominated people are quite 7)M opposite in the way they think. They tend to be more l

19、ogical and 8)K analytical in their thinking and usually stand out in mathematics and word skills.While the different functions of the two brain parts may have been 9)J distorted and exaggerated by popular psychology, understanding your strengths and weaknesses in certain areas can help you develop b

20、etter ways to learn and study. For example, if you are usually 10)D stumped in trying to follow verbal instructions, an activity often cited as a right-brain characteristic, you can benefit from writing down directions and developing better organizational skills.你聽說過人們說他們更傾向于右腦或左腦思考者嗎？從書本到電視節(jié)目，你可能聽過

21、很多次這個詞，或者你甚至參加過一次在線測試我決定哪種類型最能描述你。大腦的不同部分真的控制著不同的身體和精神功能嗎？在多年來，一個廣受歡迎的理論是右腦和左腦負(fù)責(zé)不同的思維方式，以及一個人的思維方式取決于他的大腦哪一邊工作得更積 極。那些嚴(yán)重依賴右腦的人往往更富有想象力和自發(fā)性。他們對圖案、形狀和尺寸感興趣，因?yàn)橛夷X與唱歌、繪畫、寫詩等藝術(shù)能力有關(guān)。左腦占主導(dǎo)地位的人的思維方式完全相反。他們在思維上更具邏輯性和分析性，在數(shù)學(xué)和單詞技巧上也更突出。雖然這兩個大腦部分的不同功能可能被大眾心理學(xué)扭曲和夸大了，但是了解你在某些領(lǐng)域的優(yōu)勢和弱點(diǎn)可以幫助你找到更好的學(xué)習(xí)和學(xué)習(xí)方法。例如，如果你經(jīng)常被困在遵循

22、口頭指示的過程中，這種活動通常被認(rèn)為是右腦的特征，那么你可以從寫下指示和培養(yǎng)更好的組織能力中獲益。七1 .The brick walls of the ruined buildings were dipping with green mold and moisture, and she shivered involuntarily looking down to avoid the sight.被毀壞的建筑物的磚墻被綠色的模具和濕氣浸濕了，她不由自主地打顫著往下看，以避開視線。2 .As urban populations exported finished goods in exchange

23、 for raw materials from neighboring populations,organized trade grew substantially.隨著城市人口出口制成品以換取鄰近人口的原材料，有組織的貿(mào)易大幅增長。3 .Knowing just how quickly a wildfire can spread, some residents of the village decided to leave their homes after the flames flared up nearby.由于知道野火蔓延的速度有多快，村里的一些居民決定在附近的大火燃燒后離開他們的家

24、。4 .Biology teachers often make an analogy between the heart and a pump in order to help students understand how the heart works.生物學(xué)老師經(jīng)常把心臟和泵作類比，以幫助學(xué)生理解心臟是如何工作的。5 .They would like to set a date for their wedding and announce their engagement to their families and friends as soon as possible.他們想為他們的婚

25、禮定一個日期，并盡快向他們的家人和朋友宣布訂婚。6 .He was determined not to sour a perfectly good day with the memory of one jealous classmate trying to make a fool out of him in front of the entire class. (使 變成 )他決心不讓一天過得非常愉快，因?yàn)樗肫鹆艘粋€嫉妒的同學(xué)在全班同學(xué)面前試圖愚弄他。7 .The couple made a pact never to work at the same time,so that one of

26、 them was always on full-time parenting duty,and their child wouldn ' t have to be looked after by strangers.這對夫婦約定永遠(yuǎn)不要同時工作，所以他們中的一個總是全職做父母，他們的孩子不必被陌生人照顧。8 .The president said that it's the worst earthquake ever to hit the country,and that he had appealed to the world for help, asking in par

27、ticular for heavy-lift helicopters able to carry relief supplies into the isolated mountain areas.總統(tǒng)說，這是該國有史以來最嚴(yán)重的地震，他呼吁全世界提供幫助，特別是要求能夠向孤立山區(qū)運(yùn)送救援物資的重型直升機(jī)。第二單元三1. We need to improve the quality of education so that our children will not leave school deficient in literary and reasoning skills.我們需要提高教育質(zhì)

28、量，這樣我們的孩子就不會因?yàn)槿狈ξ膶W(xué)和推理能力而輟學(xué)。2. In a society governed by the rule of law , every citizen is subject to possible prosecution if he violates the law.在一個法治社會中，每個公民如果違反法律都可能受到起訴。3. The pay gap between average workers and top corporate officers has led to pubic outrage as executives receive large packages

29、despite falling share prices.普通員工與企業(yè)高管之間的薪酬 差距，已引發(fā)公眾的憤怒，因?yàn)楸M管股價不斷下跌，高管們?nèi)阅苣玫骄揞~薪酬。4. The delicious meal appeased our hunger and made us feel warm again after having walked in the snow all day.這頓美餐使我們的饑餓感減輕了，讓我們在雪中走了一整天后又感到溫暖。5. The military insists on conformity in many areas , for example, dress and h

30、aircut , with the primary objective of promoting group unity.軍方堅(jiān)持在許多領(lǐng)域保持一致，例如服裝和發(fā)型，主要目的是促進(jìn)群體團(tuán)結(jié)。6. My daughter used to play with the dog by taking a(n) strand of its hair and then spending along time rubbing,combing and twisting it.我女兒過去常和這只狗玩耍，把它的一縷頭發(fā)剪下來，然后花很長時間揉搓、梳理和捻。7. When she left for the party

31、 , she took great care to make her necklace and shoes complement her dress.當(dāng)她去參加聚會時，她非常小心地讓項(xiàng)鏈和鞋子與她的衣服相配。8. It was necessary to provide living places for transient immigrants passing through the area on their way to more permanent dwellings.有必要為經(jīng)過這一地區(qū)前往更永久住所的臨時移民提供居住場所。9. They had just moved in , so

32、they needed to buy a number of kitchen a appliances, including a microwave oven, a toaster,and a coffee maker.他們剛剛搬進(jìn)來的，所以他們需要購買一些廚房電器，包括微波爐，烤面包機(jī)，咖啡機(jī)。10. She wanted a beautiful and elegant outfit to attend the wedding of a friend, but couldn't find anything satisfactory in the nearby shops.她想要一套漂

33、亮雅致的衣服去參加一個朋友的婚禮，但在附近的商店里找不到滿意的東西。五1. The Internet challenges the domination of traditional media such as newspapers and television as the main sources of news in modern society.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)挑戰(zhàn)了報紙、電視等傳統(tǒng)媒體作為現(xiàn)代社會主要新聞來源的統(tǒng)治地位。2. Some scientists warn that the x-ray scanners now being used to screen passengers at m

34、any airports may be harmful to the human body.一些科學(xué)家警告說，目前在許多機(jī)場用于篩查乘客的x射線掃描儀可能對人體有害。3. Many people think that a (n) humanist should have very strong morals , in addition to beliefs in a philosophy that focuses on human values and concerns.許多人認(rèn)為一個人文主義者應(yīng)該有很強(qiáng)的道德觀，除此之外，還應(yīng)該信仰一種注重人類價值和關(guān)注的哲學(xué)。4. The police i

35、nterviewed all six witnesses, but none of them could describe clearly how the confrontation began and who opened fire first.警方采訪了所有六名證人，但沒有人能清楚地描述對峙是如何開始的，誰先開槍。5. In politics, leftists are people who generally support social changes to create a more equal society and show concern for those who suffe

36、r disadvantages. 在政治上, 左翼人士通常支持社 會變革，創(chuàng)造一個更加平等的社會，并關(guān)心那些遭受不利影響的人。6. A study of mid-level administrators career orientation showed that many of these managers view their current position as a temporary step on an upward path.一項(xiàng)對中層管理人員職業(yè)取向的研究表明，這些管理人員中的許多人認(rèn)為他們目前的職位是在向上的道路上邁出的臨時一步。7. The idea that the Un

37、ited States is a melting pot implies that racial differences are to be erased and that immigrants should give up their own cultural traditions.認(rèn)為美國是一個大熔爐的觀點(diǎn)意味著種族差異將被消除，移民應(yīng)該放棄他們自己的文化傳 統(tǒng)。8. Effective measures should be taken to prevent terrorist from attacking civilians, people who have no power to de

38、fend themselves from bombs and guns. 應(yīng)該采取有效措施， 防止恐怖分子 襲擊平民，這些平民沒有能力保護(hù)自己不受炸彈和槍支的襲擊。9. Toyota is one of the world's largest manufacturers of cars , with more than 50 plants across the globe outside Japan.豐田是世界上最大的汽車制造商之一，在日本以外的全球擁有50多家工廠。10. He sent his parents some of his recent news articles in

39、a (n) binder, arranged according to their publication dates.他把他最近的一些新聞文章用活頁夾寄給了父母，這些文章是根據(jù)他們的出版日期安排的。11. This island became a colony after European imperialists decided to use it as their trading port in the 19th century.在19世紀(jì)，歐洲帝國主義者決定把這個島作為他們的貿(mào)易港口后，這個島成了殖民地。12.The concert to be held next month prom

40、otes music by composers from Africa and South America.下個月舉行的音樂會將推廣來自非洲和南美洲的作曲家的音樂。六I was once in a relationship with a woman who was the most brilliant , creative and driven person I'd ever known. I told her these things often because she didn't see herself this way despite 1)J achieving gre

41、at success and acclaim (稱贊)in her professional field. She was also 2)M gorgeous and sexy, though she seemed not to realize this either, so I told her these things too.But while I thought it was more important to praise her brilliance, it seemed to mean more to her that she was 3)L considered attract

42、ive.(被認(rèn)為)My experience with this girlfriend exemplifies a common phenomenon in life-when it comes to complimenting a woman , men often walk a very difficult line. Of course, 4)B context matters. In a professional setting, talking about appearance is often inappropriate, but at a singles club, it may

43、 be important. She will be very pleased if a man thinks her clothes and 5) I accessories arepretty, or her hair looks wonderful. However, things in between these two cases are unclear. Women have every right to be recognized and 6)A appreciated for their intelligence and creativity. But at the same

44、time, they want to be admired for their looks as well, for example, their perfect skin 7) H complexion and elegant outfits.(天然膚色)Unfortunately, most guys don ' t understand this. If we receive compliments from women, they / re usually about our achievements, not our looks. Most of us don't e

45、xpect a woman to tell us how 8)O handsome or sexy we are, and some of us would find it hard to regard such a (n) 9)D comment as sincere.I'm not saying it's very hard to be a guy these days.It is important for every man to understand how to treat women with both respect and 10)F admiration. B

46、ut as far as the right balance of these two is concerned, we really have no frame of reference, especially when it comes to looks.我曾經(jīng)和一個最聰明、最有創(chuàng)造力、最有動力的女人交往過我認(rèn)識的人。我經(jīng)常告訴她這些事情，因?yàn)楸M管我取得了巨大的成功和好評，但她并沒有這樣看待自己稱贊在她的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域。她也很漂亮性感，盡管她似乎也沒有意識到這一點(diǎn)，所以我也告訴了她這些事情。雖然我認(rèn)為贊美她的才華更重要，但對她來說，這似乎意味著她更有吸引力。我和這個女朋友的經(jīng)歷是生活中常見現(xiàn)象的

47、例證一一當(dāng)它發(fā)生時，為了贊美一個女人，男人通常會走很難的路線。當(dāng)然，背景很重要。在專業(yè)場合，談?wù)撏獗硗ǔＪ遣缓线m的，但是在 單身俱樂部，這可能很重要。如果一個男人認(rèn)為她的衣服和配飾很漂亮，或者她的頭發(fā)看起來很棒，她會非常高興。然而，這兩起案件之間的情況尚不清楚。女性完全有權(quán)利得到認(rèn)可，6)她們的智慧和創(chuàng)造力得到賞識。但與此同時，他們也希望自己的外表受到贊賞，例如，完 美的膚色和優(yōu)雅的服裝。不幸的是，大多數(shù)人不明白這一點(diǎn)。如果我們收到女性的贊美，通常是關(guān)于我們的成就，而不是我們的長相。我們大多數(shù)人都不指望女人會告訴我們自己有多英俊或性感，我們中的一些人會發(fā)現(xiàn)很難把這樣的評論視為真誠。我不是說現(xiàn)在

48、做一個男人很難。對每個人來說，重要的是理解如何既尊重又欽佩女性。但就這兩者的正確平衡而言，我們真的沒有參照系，尤其是在外表方面。七1. Every month, the Community Services Center offers several lectures on health and fitness in | hopes of introducing people to healthier lifestyles. 每個月，社區(qū)服務(wù)中心都會舉辦幾場關(guān)于健 康和健身的講座，希望向人們介紹更健康的生活方式。2. Do you know who came up with the idea

49、of having cheesecake for dessert yesterday? It was delicious and made everyone happy.你知道昨天誰想出了吃芝士蛋糕當(dāng)甜點(diǎn)的主意嗎？味道很好，讓每個人都很開心。3. The pain medication left Claudia feeling rather dull and sleepy, and soon after dinner she apologized for being such poor company and excused herself to bed.止痛藥讓克勞迪婭感到相當(dāng)?shù)某翋灪屠Ь搿?/p>

50、晚飯后不久，她就為自己的失陪而道歉，并原諒自己上床睡覺。4. When I was young, I was obsessed with maps, and I sometimes spent the whole day charting land routes from one point to another.當(dāng)我年輕的時候，我癡迷于地圖，有時我花一整天的時間繪制從一個點(diǎn)到另一個點(diǎn)的陸地路 線。5. To make immigrants comfortable reaching out to police for help, more than 70 cities now bar poli

51、ce from asking them to prove their legal status.為了讓移民們樂于向警方求助，70多個城市禁止警方要求他們證明自己的合法身份。6. Mary was often accused of“ having a strong personality " because she was not afraid to voice an opinion on subjects about which she was knowledgeable.瑪麗經(jīng)常被指責(zé)"個性很強(qiáng)” ，因?yàn)樗?不怕就她所了解的問題發(fā)表意見。7. At the end of

52、his term in office the governor was criticized for failure to live up to his campaign promise.州長任期結(jié)束時，因未能履行其競選諾言而受到批評。8. Results of a survey revealed that of the top 10 automobile makers in terms of customer satisfaction, six were Japanese and two were German. 一項(xiàng)調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示， 在消費(fèi)者滿意度排名 前10的汽車制造商中，有 6家是日本公

53、司，2家是德國公司。（根據(jù)）第四單元三1. I will conduct a top-to-bottom review of the state departments, agencies, and commissions, and seek to consolidate to eliminate them where appropriate.我將對國務(wù)院、各機(jī)構(gòu)和各委員會進(jìn)行自上而下的審查，并在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r候?qū)で蠛喜?，以消除它們?. To a 10-year-old girl, you need to offer understanding about her wishes and help

54、her differentiate between fantasy and reality.對于一個10歲的女孩 你需要理解她的愿望，幫助她區(qū)分幻想和現(xiàn)實(shí)。3. When we heard about the dreadful suffering of the children and adults, our primary instinctlike millions of others, was to shed tears.當(dāng)我們聽到孩子和大人的痛苦時 ，我們的本能 反應(yīng)，就像成千上萬的人一樣，就是流淚。（可怕的）4. It was when we started living togeth

55、er that we found, to sadness and surprise, that we were incompatible.當(dāng)我們開始生活在一起時，我們悲傷和驚訝，的發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們是不相容的5. It was alleged that he had taken a $50.000 bribe before the project was transferred toanother company.據(jù)稱，在項(xiàng)目轉(zhuǎn)移到另一家公司之前，他收受了50, 000美元的賄賂。6. The budget proposal has been described as"bizarre&quo

56、t;and"inappropriate"by people objecting to it.這項(xiàng)預(yù)算提案被反對的人形容為“奇怪的”和“不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?. It seems that what people believe and what researchers have found out about the correlation | between wealth and happiness are more different than overlappin關(guān)于財富和幸福之間的相關(guān)性，人們相信的和研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)的似乎比重疊更不同。8. Current expenditure

57、 in this museum is negligible in comparison with the huge amount whichforeign museums of similar standing spend.與國外同類博物館的巨額投資相比 ，這個博物 館的流動開支微不足道。9. The air and rivers in this area are getting cleaner, and attempts to preserve animal species andtheir habitats have been mainly successful這個地區(qū)的空氣和河流變得越來

58、越干凈，保護(hù)動物物種和它們的棲息地的努力已經(jīng)基本成功10. If you can provide rational and intelligent debates from an unbiased point of view, maybe wewill all learn something.如果你能從一個不帶偏見的角度提供理性和理智的辯論，也許我們都能學(xué)到一些東西。五1. After 24 hours of desperate fighting against the enemy, the native tribe emerged victorious,but the cost was dear在與敵人進(jìn)行了 24小時絕望的戰(zhàn)斗后，土著部落取得了勝利，但代價是昂貴 的2. The study makes clear that air emissions even at levels below those commonly held to beacceptable are potentially hazardous to the health of inner-city residents. 該研究明確指出 ,即 使空氣排放量低于通常認(rèn)為可以接受的水平，也有可能對市中心居