(完整word版)高中英語記敘文閱讀專項訓(xùn)練解析

1、高中英語閱讀專項講解 要求能力1、 理解語篇主旨大意2、 理解文章具體信息3、 根據(jù)上下文推斷生詞的詞義4、 作出簡單判斷和推理5、 理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)6、 理解作者的觀點、意圖和態(tài)度 題型動態(tài)1、 主旨大意題2、 細(xì)節(jié)理解題3、 詞義判斷題4、 推斷題5、 觀點態(tài)度題 主旨大意題文章主旨給出的四種形式:文首,文中,文尾,沒有明確主旨,需總結(jié) .雖然作者表達(dá)主題思想的方式不同，但命題常用的提問方式有以下幾種：Whats the main idea/subject/topic of the passage?The main idea of the passage is The passage i

2、s mainly about.Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?The best title for the passage is/ might be.The author s main purpose of writing this passage is. 做題要領(lǐng)：文章主旨通常會出現(xiàn)在文首,文中或文尾，因此尋找主題句或主題段往往是做好此類題的關(guān)鍵但當(dāng)文中沒有直接出現(xiàn)主題句，應(yīng)對文章意思全面理解后歸納概括主旨，但不能太籠統(tǒng)即不切主題,言過其實或以偏概全?！?練一練 】If

3、 you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly attract your attention: "Color TV, only $79. Two-day sale. Hurry." However, when you go to the store ready to buy, you may discover that the advertised sets are sold out. But thesalesman is quick to rea

4、ssure you that he has another model, a more reliable set which is "just right for you." It costs $359. This sales tactic is called "bait and switch." Buyers are baited with a sales offer, and then they are switched to another more costly item. Buying items on sale requires carefu

5、l consideration of the merchandise (商品) and the reasons for the sale.? Which sentence best expresses the main idea?A) The customer must be on his guard when purchasing items on sale.B) Color television sets which sell for $79 are sold out quickly.C) Many stores use the "bait and switch" te

6、chnique to attract customers.D) Anyone planning to buy a television set should look for a sale.【 練一練 】After completing his college studies, Larry Bird began playing professional basketball for the Huston Celtics. He remained with the Celtics for all his professional career. During those 13 years, La

7、rry Bird was named the Most Valuable Player of the year three times. He scored more than 21,000 points, and he played in 13 of the highest scoring games in his team s history. Once he scored 60 point s in just one game.? The main idea of the second paragraph is that Larry Bird.A. was the named the M

8、ost Valuable Player of the YearB. was strong and tallC. was good at shooting baskets細(xì)節(jié)理解題D. was the oldest player of the team.此這類題目是針對文章的具體事實和細(xì)節(jié)而出, 因此通常能在文章中直接或間接地找到答案 類要求查找重要事實和細(xì)節(jié)的試題通常以下列形式提出：Which of the following statements is (not) true according to the passage?Which of the following is (not) di

9、scussed/Mentioned in the passage? According to the passage , what/where/ Which/who/why/when/ how?All of the following are (not) true / mentioned / discussed exceptHow does the author/writer feel about_?（07 年高考北京卷）Lying in the sun on a rock, the cougar（ 美洲 獅 ） saw Jeb and his son, Tom,before they saw

10、 it. Jeb put his bag down quickly and pulled his jacket open with both hands, making himself look big to the cougar.It worked.The cougar hesitated, ready to attackk Jeb, but ready to forget the whole thing, too.? Why did Jeb pull his jacket open when he saw the cougar?A. To get ready to fight.B. To

11、frighten it away.C. To protect the boy.D. To cool down.【 練一練 】（ 07 高考天津卷） The city of Rome has passed a new law to prevent cruelty to animals. Allgoldfish bowls are no longer allowed and dog owners must walk their dogs.This comes after a national law was passed to give prison sentences to people who

12、 desert cats or dogs.“The civilization of a city can be measured by this. ” said Monica carina, the councilor（ 議員 ） behind the new law.? People in Rome believe that the civilization of a citycan be judged by its.A. exchanges with other citiesB. protection for ancient ruinsC.awareness of animal prote

13、ctionD. recognition of animal lover詞義語義判斷題這類考題常見的提問方式有以下幾種：According to the author, the underlined word ” means.From the passage, we can infer that the word ”is_. “” can be best replaced by_.What does the author probably mean by ”?By”, the author means that_做題要領(lǐng)做此類題時，應(yīng)在文中找線索或信息詞。根據(jù)上下文判斷新詞匯在特定句中確切意思根

14、據(jù)周圍熟悉的詞及語義判斷新單詞之意，有時還需依靠構(gòu)詞法。（07 年高考全國 卷） Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska. the19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching asa science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.? The words hooked on teach

15、ing ” underlined in Paragraph 2 probably meanA. attracted to teachingB. tired of teachingC.satisfied with teaching D. unhappy about teaching練一練 】Most women in Ghana the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as ho

16、usewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved（ 值 得的 ）.? Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word“illiterate ”A. repeatB. reiteratedC. uneducatedD. sick推斷題以原文內(nèi)容為前提,透過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)即透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思。根據(jù)

17、作者的觀點理論客觀地對文中未明顯說明的現(xiàn)象或事例給予合理的邏輯推斷，做出一定解釋。推斷題的常見形式：It can be inferred / concluded from the text that From the text we know that .The passage implies that .The paragraph following the passage will most probably discusses解推斷題的方法：解推斷題最主要的方法是根據(jù)語義關(guān)系推斷具體細(xì)節(jié)?！?練一練 】One day a man walked into a pet shop and sa

18、id to the shop assistant，“ I need twosmall mice and about five dozen roaches （ 蟑 螂 ） and two spiders. ”“What do you need these things for? ” the shop assistant was very surprised.“Well, ” replied the man,“Im moving out of my apartment and the landlord insiststhat I should leave the house in exactly

19、the same condition as I found it.”house, it wasThe passage suggests that when the writer moved into theA. very cleanB. just cleaned by the landlordC. tidy and comfortable D. dirty and full of insect 【 練一練 】（07 高考全 國 卷） Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students lea

20、rn will be interested in the memoir（ 回 憶錄 ） of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education.? Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tyler s memoir?A.Top manager B. Language learnersC.Serious educator D. Science organizations觀點態(tài)度題回答這類問題應(yīng)從篇章的體裁入手, 在說明文中作者的態(tài)度是客觀的或中立的;

21、在議論文中, 作者的態(tài)度才會顯得多種多樣. 可以根據(jù)闡述主題或有關(guān)主題的相關(guān)語句或詞語 確定作者的態(tài)度。常見的態(tài)度詞語有:positive support approval（ 贊 同的） optimistic critical negativetolerantdisappointedpessimistic（ 悲 觀 的 ） indifferent（ 冷淡的 ） doubtful Neutral（ 中立的）objective（ 客 觀 的）這類考題常見的提問方式有以下幾種What s the author s/writer s attitude to ?The author thinks/sug

22、gests/believes that_.How does the author feel about ?Which of the following will the author agree / disagree with?Which of the following can best describe the author sa ttitude towards ?練一練 】Why isn t your newspaper reporting any good news? All I read about is murder, bribery（ 行 賄 ）, and death. Fran

23、kly, I am sick of all this bad news.? This author s attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to.A.complain B. apologize C. amuse D.doubt練一練 】A month after Hurricace Katrina, I returned home in New Orleans. There lay my house, reduced to waist-high rains, smelly and dirty.Before the trip, I d had

24、my car fixed. When the office employee of the garage was writing up the bill, she noticed my Louisiana license plate.ou from New“Y Orleans?” she asked. I said Iwas,“ No charge. ” She said, ainrmd lfy shock her head when I reached for my wallet. The next day I went for a haircut, and the same thing h

25、appened.As my wife was studying in Florida, we decided to move there and tried to find a rental house that we could afford while also paying off a mortgage (抵押貸款)on our ruinedhouse. We looked at many places, but none was satisfactory. We d began to accept that we have to live in extremely reduced ci

26、rcumstances for a while, when I got a very curious e-mail from a James Kemmedy in California. Hereadd some pieces I d written about our sufferingsfor state, the online magazine and wanted to give us (“ no conditions attached ” ) a new houseacross the lake from New Orleans.It sounded a good to her re

27、turn, but I replied, thinking him for his exceptional generosity, then we to go back. Then the University of Florida offered to let him house to me. While he want to England on his one year, paid leave. The rent was rather reasonable. I mentioned the poet s offer to Jam eKsemdedy, and the next day h

28、e sent a check covering our entire rent for eight months.Throughout this painful experience , the kindness of strangers back my faith in humanity .It almso st worth losing you wordy possessions to be reminded that people really when given had a channel.56 The garage employee s attitude toward the au

29、thor was that ofA unconcern B sympathy C doubt D tolerance57 What do we know about James Kemnedy?A He was a written of an online magazine.8 He was a poet at the University of FloridaC He offered the author a new house free of charge.D He learned about the author s sufferings.58 It can be inferred fr

30、om the text thatA the author s family was in financial difficulty8 rents were comparatively reasonable despite the disasterC houses were difficult to find in the hurricane-stricken areaD the mortgage on the ruined house was paid off by the bank59 The author learned from his experience thatA worldly

31、possessions can be given up when necessaryB generosity should be encouraged in some casesC people benefit from their sad storie D human beings are kind after all. 【 練一練 】The famous director of a big and expensive movie planned to film a beautiful sunset over the ocean, so that the audiences could se

32、e his hero and heroine in front of it at the end of the film as they said goodbye to each other forever. He sent his camera crew out one evening to film the sunset for him.The next morning he said to the men, "Have you provided me with that sunset?""No, sir," the men answered.The

33、 director was angry. "Why not?"he asked."Well, sir," one of the men answered, "we're on the east coast here, and the sun sets in the west. We can get you a sunrise over the sea, if necessary, but not a sunset.""But I want a sunset!" the director shouted. &

34、quot;Go to the airport, take the next flight to the west coast, and get one."But then a young secretary had an idea. "Why don't you photograph a sunrise," she suggested, "and then play it backwards? Then it'll look like a sunset.""That's a very good idea!&qu

35、ot; the director said. Then he turned to the camera crew and said, "Tomorrow morning I want you to get me a beautiful sunrise over the sea."The camera crew went out early the next morning and filmed a bright sunrise over the beach in the middle of a beautiful bay. Then at nine o'clock

36、they took it to the director. "Here it is, sir," they said, and gave it to him. He was very pleased.They all went into the studio. "All right," the director explained, "now our hero and heroine are going to say goodbye. Run the film backwards so that we can see the 'suns

37、et' behind them."The "sunset" began, but after a quarter of a minute, the director suddenly put his face in his hands and shouted to the camera crew to stop.The birds in the film were flying backwards, and the waves on the sea were going away from the beach.1. One evening, the dir

38、ector sent his camera crew out .A. to film a scene on the seaB. to find an actor and an actressC. to watch a beautiful sunsetD. to meet the audience2. Why did the director want to send his crew to the west coast?A. Because he changed his mind about getting a sunset.B. Because he was angry with his c

39、rew.C. Because he wanted to get a scene of sunset.D. Because it was his secretary's suggestion.3. The director wanted to film a sunset over the ocean because .A. it went well with the separation of the hero and heroineB. when they arrived at the beach it was already in the eveningC. it was more

40、moving than a sunriseD. the ocean looked more beautiful at sunset4. After the "sunset" began, the director suddenly put his face in his handsA. because he was moved to tearsB. as he saw everything in the film moving backwardsC. as the sunrise did not look as beautiful as he had imaginedD.

41、because he was disappointed with the performance of the hero and heroine5. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The crew had to follow the secretary's advice.B. If you want to see a sunrise, the east coat is the place to go.C. The camera crew wasn't able to film the scene the first day.D. T

42、he director ordered his crew to stop filming the "sunset".【 練一練 】The most important holiday in spring, especially for Christians, is Easter. ThisChristian holiday is not on the same date every year， but it's always on a Sunday. Itcan be any Sunday between March 22 and April 25. Many pe

43、ople celebrate Easter by buying new clothes. Children celebrate by hunting for colored eggs that their parents have hidden around the house. People also give Easter baskets filled with candy and other goodies to one another to celebrate the day.But the holiday is more than new clothes and good thing

44、s to eat. On Easter,many people go to church to celebrate Jesus' resurrection（復(fù)活） from the dead. Mostpeople color Ester eggs. Some people hide them. Others just eat them. But no matter what one does with Easter eggs ， they are an important Easter tradition throughoutthe Western world. People from many different cultures celebrate Easter. In bothAmerica and Belgium, children look for Easter eggs hidden on lawns and in bushes.In America, children believe the eggs are hidden by the Easter bunny （兔子 ）.But inBelgium, the hidden eggs are supp