2016職稱英語(yǔ)理工A全部答案(共22頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上2016年職稱英語(yǔ)理工類A級(jí)詞匯選項(xiàng)考試真題及答案第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)（第115題，每題1分，共15分）下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或者短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。1. The revelation of his past ledto his resignation.A.imagination                   B. confirmationC.recall         &

2、#160;              D. disclosure答案為D. revelation(揭露) disclosure(揭露)2. Jensen is a dangerous man, and can bevery brutal.A.careless                      B. cruelC.strong           &#

3、160;            D. hard答案為B. brutal(殘忍的) cruel3. Youll have to sprint if youwant to catch the train.A.jump                           B.escapeC. run              

4、;             D.prepare答案為C. sprint (快速奔跑) run(奔跑)4. We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.A. changeable                      B. stableC.suitable          

5、;               D.adaptable答案為A. fluid(不穩(wěn)定的) changeable (易變的)5. The new garment fits herperfectly.A.haircut                           B. purseC. clothes           &#

6、160;              D.necklace答案為C. garment(衣服) clothes(衣服)6. The phobia may have its root in achildhood trauma.A.fear                               B. joyC. hurt      

7、60;                      D.memory答案為C. trauma(精神上的創(chuàng)傷) hurt(感情上的傷心或痛苦)7. They have to build canals to irrigatethe desert.A.decorate                           B. waterC.change &

8、#160;                           D. visit答案為B. irrigate(灌溉) water(給澆水)8. Her overall language proficiencyremains that of a toddler.A.disabled                          

9、; B. pupilC.teenager                           D. baby答案為D. toddler(學(xué)步的兒童) baby(嬰兒)9. The coastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold.A. warm              

10、;                 B.severeC.hard                                D.dry答案為A. mild(溫暖的) warm(溫暖的)10. The details of the costume weretotally authentic.A. real      

11、                         B.outstandingC.creative                            D. false答案為A. authentic(逼真的) real (逼真的)11. We are aware of the potential problems.A.

12、global                              B. possibleC.ongoing                             D. central答案為B. potential(可能的)-possible(可能的)12. The idea was quite

13、0;brilliant.A.positive                          B. cleverC.key                               D. original答案為B. brilliant(絕妙的) clever (聰明的)13. Stock market price&

14、#160;tumbledafter rumor of a rise in interest rate.A.regulated                            B. increasedC. fell                                D.ma

15、intained答案為C. tumbled(暴跌) fell(下降)14. The course gives you basic instructionsin car maintenance.A. coaching                         B. ideaC.term                        

16、     D. aspect答案為A. instructions (指導(dǎo)說(shuō)明)coaching（教導(dǎo)）15. All houses within 100 metres of theseas at risk of flooding.A. in danger                      B. out of controlC.between equals           &#

17、160;      D. in particular答案為A  in danger of （處于危險(xiǎn)中） at risk of （處于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)中）閱讀判斷The Greatest of Victorian EngineersIn the hundred years up to 1860, the work of a small group of construction engineers carried forward the enormous social and economic change that we associate with the In

18、dustrial Revolution in Britain. The most important of these engineers was Isambard Kingdom Brunel, whose work in shipping, bridge-building, and railway construction, to name just three fields, both challenged and motivated his colleagues. He was the driving force behind a number of the hugely ambiti

19、ous projects, some of which resulted in works which are still in use today.The son of an engineer, Brunel apprenticed with his father at an early age on the building of the Thames Tunnel. At the age of just twenty, he became engineer in charge of the project. This impressive plan to bore under the T

20、hames twice suffered two major disasters when the river broke through into the tunnel when the second breach(決口)occurred in 1872, Brunel was seriously injured during rescue operation and further work was halted.While recovering from his injuries, Brunel entered a design competition for a new bridge

21、over the Avon Gorge near Clifton. The original judge of the competition was Thomas Telford, a leading civil engineer of his day, who rejected all entries to the competition in favor of his own design. After considerable scandal, a second contest was held and Brunel's design was accepted. For rea

22、sons of funding, however, exacerbated(加劇) by social unrest in Bristol, the project was abandoned in 1843 with only the towers completed. After Brunels death, it was decided to begin work on it again, partly so that the bridge could form a fitting memorial to the great engineer. The entire structure

23、was finally completed in 1864. Today, the well-known Clifton Suspension Bridge is a symbol of Bristol, just as the Opera House is of Sydney. Originally intended only for horse-drawn traffic, the bridge now bears over four million motor vehicles a year.16.【題干】Brunel was an important airplane engineer

24、 in Britain during the Industrial Revolution.【選項(xiàng)】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【答案】C【解析】17.【題干】Brunel was involved less in railway construction than in other engineering fields.【選項(xiàng)】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【答案】C【解析】18.【題干】Brunel worked only on shipping, bridge-building and railway construction.【選

25、項(xiàng)】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【答案】B【解析】19.【題干】Brunel work was largely ignored by his colleagues.【選項(xiàng)】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【答案】B【解析】20.【題干】Some projects Brunel contributed to are still in use today.【選項(xiàng)】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【答案】A【解析】21.【題干】Brunel became an apprentice with his father wh

26、en he was very young.【選項(xiàng)】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【答案】A【解析】22.【題干】The Thames Tunnel project was more difficult than any previous projects undertaken in Britain.【選項(xiàng)】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【答案】C第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第2330題，每題1分，共8分）Geothermal（地?zé)幔〦nergy1 Since heat naturally moves from hotter region

27、s tocooler ones， the heat from the earth's center flows outwards towardsthe surface。 In this way， it transfers to the next layer of rock。 If the temperatureis high enough， some of this rock melts and forms magma（巖漿）。 The magmaascends in its turn towards the earth's surface。 It often remains

28、well below the earth's surface， creating vast areasof hot rock。 In such regions， there are deep cracks， which allow rainwater to descend underground。 Some of the heatedrainwater travels back up to the earth's surface where it will appear as a hotspring。 However， if this ascendinghot water re

29、aches a layer of impermeable（不可滲透的）rock， it remains trapped， forming a geothermal reservoir。 If geothermalreservoirs are close enough to the surface， they can be reached by drilling wells。 Hot water and steamshoot up the wells naturally， and can be used to produce electricity in geothermalpower plan

30、ts。2。A few geothermal power plants depend on dry-stemreservoirs which produce steam but little or no water。 In these cases， the steam is pipedup directly to provide the power to spin a turbine generator。 The first geothermalpower plant， constructed at Lardarello in Italy， was of this type， and is st

31、illproducing electricity today。3。Most currently operating geothermal power plants areeither "flash" steam plants or binary（雙重的）plants。 Flash plants produce mainly hot water ranging intemperature from 300° to 700°Fahrenheit。 This water is passed through one or two separators where

32、released from the pressure of the underground reservoir， it"flashes" or boils into steam Again， the force of this steam provides the energy to spin theturbine and produce electricity。 The geothermal water and steam are then reinjecteddirectly back down into the earth to maintain the volume

33、 and pressure of thereservoir。 Gradually they will be reheated and can then be usedagain。4。A reservoir with temperatures below 300° Fahrenheit is nothot enough to flash steam but it can still be used to generate electricity inbinary fluid。 The steam from this is used to power the turbines。 As i

34、n the flashsteam plant， the geothermal water is recycled back into the reservoir。23.Paragraph 1_E_24.Paragraph 2_F_25.Paragraph 3_C_26.Paragraph 4_B_A. Recyclable water and steamB. Binary plantsC. Flash steam plantsD. Generation of electricityE. Origin of geothermal energyF. Dry steam plants27. A ge

35、othermal reservoir is formed when hot water is trapped under_B_.28. A dry-steam reservoir produces steam with_C_.29. Flash plants produce hot water through_E_.30. In a binary plant, the heat of the geothermal water can be convertedinto_F_.A. hot springsB. impermeable rockC. little or no waterD. turb

36、ine operatorE. one or two separatorsF. the energy to turn a turbine參考答案：EFCBBCEF閱讀理解第一篇Sports Star Yao MingIfYao Ming is not the biggest sports star in the world, he almost certainly the tallest.At 2.26m, he is the tallest player in the National Basketball Association (NBA)and holds the record as th

37、e most towering Olympian ever to competein the Game.Butwhat really stands out about the giant center is his celebrity (名氣). Few, if any, Chinese athletes are as well-known asYao Ming around the world. People across the globe are fascinated with Yao, notonly for his basketball prowess(接杰出的才能)but also

38、 for being a symbol of international commerce.WhenYao joined the Houston Rockets as the No. 1 pick in the 2002 NBA draft he wasthe first international player ever to be selected first. His assets on thecourt are clear enough 一 no NBA player of his size has ever possessed his mobility, so he is ahand

39、ful (難對(duì)付的人）foropponents on either end of the court. But what makes Yao invaluable to theRockets organization is his role as a global citizen and as a bridge tomillions of potential basket ball fans in China.Whenit was announced in February that Yao would miss the rest of the NBA season andpossibly t

40、he Olympics with a stress fracture (骨折）in his left foot, a collective shudder spread across China. After considerabledebate and discussion, Yao opted to get his foot surgically treated in anoperation that placed several tiny screws across the bone, to offer hisoverburdened foot more support. The sur

41、gery was a success, and though theestimated four-month recovery period will leave him little time to prepare withTeam China. Yao has vowed to be ready for the Beijing Olympics.Yaowrapped up a 10-day trip to China, where he underwent a series of traditional Chinesemedicine (TCM) treatments, hoping to

42、 accelerate his recovery process.Westernexperts are generally skeptical of TCMs benefits, although new research from the University of Rochestersuggests that a certain compound derived from shellfish may indeed stimulatebone repair.“Thereis no reason to dismiss TCM, “Yao told a press conference in B

43、eijing. “Its been used in our countryfor thousands of years. I dont think that itsshort on science.”36.   The word“towering”inParagraph 1 meansA.    large.B.    fat.C.    tall.D.    great.37.   Opponents find it very dif

44、ficult to controlYao Ming because of hisA.    assault.B.    mobility.C.    defense.D.    celebrity.38.   Yao Ming had to undergo a series of TCMtreatments becauseA.    he wanted to make a more rapid recovery.B. 

45、;   his right foot had been hurting.C.    the surgical operation had been a failure.D.    he couldn't afford all the medicalexpenses.39.   Which statement about Yao Ming is NOT true?A.    He is an NBA player.B.    He

46、 fractured his left foot.C.    Hemissed the Athens Olympics.D.    He is an international figure.40.   In general, the Western experts' attitudetowards TCM isA.    indifferent.B.    positive.C.    doubtful.D.

47、0;   negative.參考答案：CBACC第二篇 Deforestation and Desertification(沙漠化)TheSahel zone lies between the Saharadesert and the fertile savannahs(熱帶大草原)ofnorthern Nigeria and South Sudan. The word sahel comes from Arabic and means marginal or transitional ,andthis is a good description of thesesemi-

48、arid(半干旱)lands,whichoccupy much of the Western African countries of Mail,Mauritania,Niger,and Chad.Unfortunately, over the last century theSahara desert has steadily crept southwards eating into once productive Sahellands. United Nations surveys show that over 70 percent of the dry land inagricultur

49、e use in Africa has deterioratedover the last 30 years. Droughts have become more severe, the most recentlasting over twenty years in parts of the Sahel region. The same process ofdesertification is taking place across southern Africa as the Kalahari desertadvances into Botswana and parts of South A

50、frica.One ofthe major causes of this desert advance ispoor agricultural land use, driven by the pressures of increasing population.Overgrazing一 keeping too many farm animals on the land一means that grasses and other plants cannot recover, and scarce water suppliesare exhausted. Overcultivation一 tryin

51、gto grow too many crops on poor land一 resultsin the soil becoming even less fertile and drier, and beginning to break up. Soilerosion (侵蝕) follows, and the land turns into desert.Another cause of desertification is loss of tree cover. Trees are cutdown for use as fuel and to clear land for agricultu

52、ral use. Tree roots help tobind the soil together, to conserve moisture, and to provide a habitat forother plants and animals. When trees are cut down, the soil begins to dry andloosen, wind and rain erosion increase, other plant species die, and eventuallythe fertile top soil may be almost entirely

53、 lost, leaving only bare rock anddust.The effects of loss of topsoil and increased drought are irreversible. Theyare,however, preventable. Careful conservation of tree cover and sustainableagricultural land use have been shown to halt deterioration of soils and lessenthe effects of shortage of rainf

54、all. One project in Kita in south-west Malifunded by UNDP has involved local communities in sustainable management offorest,while at the same time providing a viable(有活力的)agriculturaleconomy. This may be a model for similar projects in otherWest African countries.35 order to prevent desertification,

55、the author proposes _.A. making good use of international aidsB. developing a sustainableagricultural economyC. gaining international supportD. converting agricultural land intoforest答案：b36.The Sahel zone is an area which _.A. is covered with sad and grassB. has a long historyC. occupies much of Sou

56、th NigeriaD. belongs to Sudan答案：a37. What is the situation about thedesertification in Africa?A. The deserts are replaced withgrasslandsB. The deserts are expandingC. the deserts are moving northwardsD. the deserts are being deserted答案：b38. The word “deteriorated ” in paragraph2 means _.A. deepenedB

57、. sufferedC. slippedD. worsened答案：d39. What is the root causeof desertification?A. poor farmingB. overpopulationC. radical climate changeD. disappearance of rare plant species答案：a40. In order to prevent desertification,the author proposes _.A. making good use of international aidsB. developing a sus

58、tainableagricultural economyC. gaining international supportD. converting agricultural land intoforest答案：b第三篇OlderVolcanic EruptionsVolcanoes were more destructive in ancient history, not because theywere bigger，but because the carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)theyreleased wiped out life with greater ease.Paul W

59、ignall from the University of Leeds was investigating the linkbetween volcanic eruptions and mass extinctions. Not all volcanic eruptionskilled off large numbers of animals, but all the mass extinctions over the past300 million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock. To hissurprise, t

60、he older the massive volcanic eruptions were, the more damage theyseemed to do. He calculated the "killing efficiency" for thesevolcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volumeof lava (熔巖) that they produced. He found that sizefor size, older eruptions were at

61、least 10 times as effective at wiping outlife as their more recent rivalsThe Permian (二疊紀(jì))extinction, for example, which happened 250 million years ago, is marked byfloods of volcanic rock in Siberia that cover an area roughly the size ofwestern Europe. Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out

62、 about 10gigatonnes (十億噸) of carbon as carbon dioxide. The globalwarming that followed wiped out 80 percent of all marine genera (種類)at the time, and it took 5 million years for the planet to recover. Yet 60million years ago, there was another huge amount of volcanic activity andglobal warming but n

63、o mass extindtion. Some animals did disappear but thingsreturned to normal within tens of thousands of years. "The most recentones hardly have an effect at all," Wignall says. He ignored theextinction which wiped out the dinosaurs (恐龍) 65million years ago, because many scientists believe i

64、t was primarily caused bythe impact of an asteroid (小行星). Hethinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent lifeforms were better adapted to dealing with increased levels of CO2.Vincent Courtillot, director of the Paris Geophysical Institute in France,says that Wignall's idea is provocative. But he says it is incredibly hard todo these sorts of calculations. He points out that the killing power ofvolcanic eruptions depends on how long they lasted. And it is impossible totell whether the huge b