醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞根——都記下來,你也可以看懂SCI

1、Suffix Meaning Example -ac pertaining to 屬于，關(guān)于 cardiac: pertaining to the heart心臟（?。┑?-al pertaining to medical: pertaining to medicine -ar pertaining to molecular: pertaining to a molecule 分子的 -ary pertaining to belonging to ciliary: pertaining to the cilia睫毛的,纖毛的,毛狀的 -ase enzyme 酶 amylase: any enz

2、yme that converts starch to sugar 淀粉酶 -cle smallness小,少,貧乏,小氣 follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac小囊,(頭發(fā)的)毛囊 -e an instrument 儀器 auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (檢查耳朵用的)耳鏡 -eal pertaining to laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx喉的, 喉音的 -ia condition; quality phobia: abnormal fear 恐懼，害

3、怕 -ic pertaining to toxic: pertaining to toxin有毒的；因中毒引起的 -ics study of; name of a science paediatrics: study of children, their development and diseases 兒科學(xué) -ine/in substance 物質(zhì) insulin：substance (hormone) produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas 胰島素 -ism process or condition alcoholism:

4、 excessive drinking of alcohol which becomes addictive 酒精中毒 -ist one who specializes in 精通于的人 pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 藥理專家 -itis inflammation refers to a part in部位的炎癥 rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎 -(i)um relation to a whole; related to 與相關(guān)

5、 endometrium: inner lining of the uter子宮內(nèi)膜 -ive characterizes by antitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing止咳藥 -let tiny; small droplet: a tiny drop 小滴 -ment the result or product of an action development: thing which develops or is being developed; action of becoming mature -oid resembling; like像

6、 mucoid: resembling mucus粘液樣的 -ole little; small centriole: the small dense structure in the middle of the centrosome細(xì)胞中心粒；中心體 -oma tumor; swelling refers to a doer dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin皮膚纖維瘤 -or/-er either a person or thing receptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds to vario

7、us stimuli感受器，受體 -ory characterized by; pertaining to suspensory: which is hanging down懸吊式，懸?guī)?-ose sugar fructose: fruits sugar found in honey and some fruit 果糖 -osis abnormal condition onychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hidden nail 嵌甲 -ous pertaining to poisonous: pertaining to poison; also c

8、ontaining poison 有毒的，分泌毒素的 -somes bodies ribosome: the body of nucleic acid核糖體 -um structure; thing; substance結(jié)構(gòu)，物質(zhì) magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance 鎂（金屬元素） -y condition; act; process dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良 The following is a list of the mo

9、st commonly used compound suffixes Suffix Meaning Example -algia pain; painful; condition arthralgia: pain in a joint 關(guān)節(jié)痛 -ase enzyme protease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶 -blast embryo胚，胚胎，人類胚胎 hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚細(xì)胞，原始血細(xì)胞 -carcinoma malignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相關(guān)組織的惡性腫瘤 aden

10、ocarcinoma: malignant tumor developing from glandular tissue 腺癌 -cele protrusion; distention突出；膨脹，延伸 esophagocele: abnormal distention of the esophagus 食管突出 -centesis surgical puncture 手術(shù)穿孔 paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺術(shù) -capnia carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 acapni

11、a: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏 -cide kill germicide: (substance) which can kill germs殺菌劑 -clast cell phagocyte:cell, especially a white blood cell, which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌細(xì)胞 -dynia pain glossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛 -ectasia/-ectasis expansion; dilation(膨脹，擴(kuò)張) atele

12、ctasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth 肺不張 -ectomy surgical excision or removal of gastrectomy: surgical removal of the stomach胃切除術(shù) -edema excessive accumulation of serous fluid 水腫 myxoedema: condition caused when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病，粘液水腫 -emia

13、 blood condition leukemia: any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal number of leucocytes form in the blood 白血病 -emesis vomiting 嘔吐 hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血；吐血 -gen something that produced or prouduces pathogen: a microorganism or agent capable of producing disease 病菌，病原體 -gen

14、esis production 生產(chǎn) spermatogenesis: formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes精子發(fā)生 -globin protein蛋白質(zhì) hemoglobin: an iron-containing protein produced by erythrocytes 血紅素 -gnosis knowledge diagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and exam

15、ination -gram image; picture electrocardiogram: a graphic record of the electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart disease.Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram 心電圖 -graph(y) process of recording記錄過程 electocardiography: the process of making or recording electrocard

16、iograms. Syn. cardiography 心電圖記錄 -iasis condition; state情況，狀況 cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 膽石癥 -iatry/-iatrics healing, frequently refers to a branch of medicine 康復(fù)，常指醫(yī)學(xué)的一個(gè)分支 podiatry: treatment of foot disorders足部醫(yī)療 -lith stone cholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbladde

17、r 膽結(jié)石 -logy the study of cytology: the science study of cells 細(xì)胞學(xué) -logist one who studies and treats urologist: a physician who specializes in the practice of urology 泌尿科醫(yī)生 -lysis breakdown, destruction hemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin溶血 -malacia

18、softening osteomalacia: softening of bone 骨軟化 -mania extreme compulsion or preoccupation強(qiáng)迫癥 kleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion to steal 盜竊癖 -megaly giant acromegaly: a condition in which there is an enlargement of the facial bones as well as those of the lungs 肢端肥大癥 -metry/-meter measu

19、rement spirometry: measurement of the volume of air inhaled and exhaled or the air capacity of the lungs肺(活)量測(cè)定(法),呼吸量測(cè)定(法) -odynia pain cardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛，胸痛 -one hormone荷爾蒙，激素 parathormone: which regulates calcium balance among the blood, bones, and teeth甲狀旁腺激素 -opia a defect

20、 in the eye眼睛的毛病 myopia: being short-sighted 近視 -opsy to view biopsy: excision of live tissue for microscopic diagnosis活檢 -osis morbid condition病態(tài)的 sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化癥 -osmia smell anosmia: loss of the sense of smell嗅覺喪失 -ostomy process of making an opening into or a connection between

21、造瘺 gastrostomy: surgical construction of an opening from the surface of the abdomen into the stomach胃造口術(shù) -oxia level of oxygen氧水平 hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen in body tissues組織缺氧 -pathy disease; diseased condition ophthalmopathy: any eye disease眼病 -penia deficiency leukopenia: def

22、iciency of leukocytes in the blood. Syn. leukocytopenia白細(xì)胞減少癥 -pepsia digestion eupepsia: good digestion 消化良好 -pexy a fixing or setting firmly in place by suturing 縫合固定 hepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver肝固定術(shù) -phagia/phagy eating; swallowing 吃，吞咽 dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing吞咽困難

23、 -phil attraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物 basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood cell which contains granules嗜堿性粒細(xì)胞 -phobia fear xenophobia: irrational fear of strangers對(duì)外國(guó)人的恐懼，憎惡 -plasia formation; development hyperplasia: overdevelopment or enlargement of an organ or tissue增生，數(shù)量型肥大 -phonia voice dysphonia:

24、 difficulty in speaking發(fā)聲困難 -plasm formation; growth or substance of formation cytoplasm: jelly substance in the cell細(xì)胞漿 -plasty surgical repair osteoplasty: surgical repair of the bone骨整形術(shù)，骨成形術(shù) -plegia stroke; paralysis 中風(fēng) thermoplegia: heat or sunsrtoke熱射病 -pnea breathing eupnea: normal breathing呼

25、吸正常，平靜呼吸 -ptosis a falling, the dropping or sagging of an organ器官下移 hepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the liver肝下垂 -ptysis spitting分散 melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰 -poiesis production hemopoiesis: production of blood cells 造血作用，生血作用 -rrhage/-rrhagia bursting forth of blood 出血 m

26、enorrhagia: very heavy bleeding during menstruation 月經(jīng)過多 -rrhaphy surgical sewing or suturing splenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen脾修補(bǔ)術(shù) -rrhea overflow hydrorrhea: watery discharge液溢 -(o)rrhexis splitting or rupture 撕裂，破裂，疝氣 amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac羊膜破裂 -sarcoma malignant tumor develop

27、ing from connective tissue liposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fat脂肪肉瘤 -schesis a holding back; suppression of discharge阻礙；抑制排放 uroschesis: suppression of urine閉尿，尿潴留 -sclerosis a hardening dermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin硬皮病 -scope instrument for viewing stethoscope: an instrument for pe

28、rforming medicate ausculation聽診器 -scopy process of examining visually hepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝檢查 -spasm involuntary contraction angiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles in a blood vessel血管痙攣 -stasis suppression; stoppage; control; arrest抑制，中止 hemostasis: the arrest of bleeding止血，

29、止血法 -stenosis abnormal narrowing of a duct or canal管、道德異常狹窄 laryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynx 喉狹窄 -stomy surgical opening to the outside of the body造口 colostomy: surgical operation to make an opening from the colon結(jié)腸造口術(shù) -tention pressure hypertention: high blood pressure 高血壓 -therapy

30、 treatment physiotherapy: treatment of disease by physical means物理療法 -tion process hospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized住院 -tocia labor; birth 生產(chǎn) embryotocia: abortion 流產(chǎn) -tome tool for incision arthrotome: instrument for cutting a joint關(guān)節(jié)刀 -tomy process of cutting into gastrotomy: inc

31、ision of the stomach 胃切開術(shù) -tropia turning 轉(zhuǎn)彎，變向 esotropia: turning inward of the eye內(nèi)斜視 -trophy nourishment or development of an organ器官的營(yíng)養(yǎng)、發(fā)育 dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良 -uria a condition of the urine（小便） dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困難 -version tu

32、rning eversion: a turning outward外翻，翻轉(zhuǎn) Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixes Prefix Meaning Example a-/an- without; not aphasia: the inability to understand written or spoken words or to speak meaningfully失語癥 ab- away from abortion: expulsion from the uterus流產(chǎn) ad- to; toward; near adnas

33、al: near the nose 近鼻的 acro- a point or tip acronyx: growing into the flesh嵌甲 alb- white albino: a person lacking normal pigmentation白發(fā)病者 amb-/ambi- both ambisexual、bisexual: (person) who is sexually attracted to both males and famales 雙性戀 amphi-/ampho- both; both sides amphicentric: beginning and en

34、ding in the same vessel起止同源的血管 ana- up; back again anabolism: process of building up complex chemical substances on the basis of simpler ones 合成代謝 Angio- a blood vessel angioma: benign tumor formed of blood vessel血管瘤 ante- before antenatal: during the period between conception and childbirth 出生前的，懷孕

35、期的 anti- against antidepressant: (drug) used to treat depression抗抑郁劑 audi- hearing; sound audiometry: science of testing hearing聽力測(cè)定 auto- self autoantibody: antibody formed to attack the bodys own cells自身抗體 bi- two; twice bicellular: two cells兩室的 bio- living organisms生命體 biochemistry: chemistry liv

36、ing tissues生物化學(xué) brady- slow bradycardia: slow rate of heart contraction, shown by a slow pulse rate心動(dòng)過緩 carcin- carcinoma or cancer癌；瘤 carcinogen: a cancer-causing substance致癌物 cata- downwards; under; against; along with cataract: condition where the lens of the eye gradually becomes hard and opaque

37、白內(nèi)障 centi- one hundredth百分之一 centimeter: unit of measurement of length(=one hundredth of a meter)厘米 co(n)- with or together consanguineous: blood relationship血親的，血緣的，密切的 contra- against contraception: prevention of pregnancy by using devices or drugs 避孕法，節(jié)育法 de- removal or loss decaffeinated: (coffe

38、e) with the caffeine removed 脫去咖啡因的 deca- ten decagram: ten grams 十克 deci- tenth deciliter: unit of measurement of liquid(=one tenth of a little)1/10公升 di- two diglossia: a double tongue使用兩種語言 dia- through; between; apart; across diathermy: process of (treating) through heat透熱療法 dis- reversal or sep

39、arate disintegrate: to come to pieces分解，破裂 dys- bad; difficult; disordered dysarthrosis: deformity or malformation of a joint關(guān)節(jié)變形 echo- sound echocardiography: ultrasonography of the heart心回波描記，超聲心動(dòng)描記術(shù) ect-/ecto- outside or outer ecchondroma: benign tumor on the surface of cartilage or bone外生軟骨瘤 en-

40、 in; within enostosis: benign growth inside a bone內(nèi)生骨疣 endo- inside endocardium: membrane which lines the heart心內(nèi)膜 epi- on; over epidermis: outer layer of skin表皮 ery- red erythrocyte: mature non-nucleated red blood cell紅細(xì)胞 eso- inward; within(向內(nèi)) esotropia: turning inward of the eye內(nèi)斜視 eu- good euge

41、nics: study of how to improve the human race by genetic selection優(yōu)生學(xué) ex-/ exo- out of exhale: to breath out 呼出 extra- outside extracapsular: outside a capsule囊外的 hemi- half hemiplegia: severe paralysis affecting one side of the body 偏癱,半身麻痹,半身不遂 hydro- water hydrocele: collection of watery liquid fo

42、und in a cavity such as the scrotum陰囊積水 hyper- higher or too much hyperglycaemia: excess of glucose in the blood高血糖癥 hypo- less or too little hypokalaemia: deficiency of potassium in the blood 低血鉀 in- in or into inbreeding: breeding between a closely related male and female 近親交配 in- not incoherent:

43、not able to speak in a way which makes sense語無倫次 infra- below or beneath infrapatellar: below or beneath the patella髕 inter- between interlobular: between lobules小葉間的 intra- inside intramedullary: inside the bone marrow or spinal cord 髓內(nèi) itro- into introvert: person who thinks only about himself and

44、 his own mental state性格內(nèi)向的人 mal- bad or abnormal malfunction: abnormal working of an argan機(jī)器等運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)失常；失靈；出現(xiàn)故障 meta- changes metaplasia: change of one tissue to another 化生，轉(zhuǎn)化，組織變形 micro- very small microcyte: abnormally small red blood cell小紅細(xì)胞 mid- middle midcarpal: between the two rows of carpal bones腕

45、骨間的 milli- one thousandth milligram: unit of measurement of weight 毫克 mis- error or wrong miscarriage: spontaneous abortion流產(chǎn) multi- many multigravida: a woman who is pregnant and has been pregnant at least twice before 經(jīng)產(chǎn)孕婦 noct- at night nocturia: passing abnormally large quantity of urine when as

46、leep in bed at night夜尿癥 nona- nine or the nineth nonagon: flat shape which has nine sides九邊形 octa- eight octan: every eight days八日熱；每隔八日發(fā)一次的 odont- teeth odontology: study of teeth and associated structures, and their disorders onco- tumours oncology: scientific study of new gowths腫瘤學(xué) oro- mouth oro

47、lingual: pertaining to the mouth and tongue口與舌的 pachy- thickening pachysomia: condition where soft tissues of the body become abnormally thick軀體肥厚 pali-/palin- against; pathologic repetition病態(tài)的重復(fù) palindromic: (disease) which recurs復(fù)發(fā)的，再發(fā)的 pan-/pant-/panto- all pancytopenia: abnormal depression of al

48、l the cellular elements of the blodd全血細(xì)胞減少癥 para- similar to or near; changed or beyond paralyse or paralyze: to weaken (muscles) so that they cannot function使麻痹，使癱瘓 pen-/penta- five pentosuria: excretion of pentoses in the urine戊糖尿 per- through percutaneous: done or administered through the skin經(jīng)皮的

49、，由皮的 peri- around pericystitis: inflammation of tissue around the bladder膀胱周炎 pero- deformed or defective畸形有缺陷的 peromelia: congenital deformity of the limbs四肢不全 pharmaco- drugs pharmacology: study of drugs or medicines, and their action, properties and characteristics藥理學(xué)，藥物學(xué) pleo-/pleio- too many pleokaryocyte: condition where a greater than normal number of cells in cerebrospinal fluid多核細(xì)胞 pluri- more pluriglandular: pertaining to or affecting several glands多線性的 pne