詞匯筆記邵寧考研英語二

1、-詞匯一上 詞匯5500 個基礎(chǔ)詞匯：tractorvisitor邊緣詞匯：monarch turnipsulfur宗教，科普，歷史。核心詞匯：2300 個59-80 頁基礎(chǔ)詞匯1.I graduated from the high school.high school = middle school = secondary school 中學(xué)senior schooljunior schoolprimary schoolelementary school2.sometime有一次I met him sometime last week. 一個時間點sometimes 有時候Sometimes

2、 I suffer from headache. 多個時間點some time一段時間I have been waiting for some time. 兩點之間有一個間隔核心詞匯1. American companies are evolving from mass-production manufacturing to flexible enterprises. evolve from A to B從 A 演變到 Bmass-production 大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)flexible 靈活的方法：替代法、聯(lián)合法、諧音法、對比法、拆解法1.替代詞：agenda=plan n.議事日程on the a

3、gendaPlease place it on the agenda.The government has set an for reform over the next ten year. A. agonyB. agendaC. dilemmaD. paradoxassignment=task=homework n.任務(wù)assign v.分配，指派How are you getting along with your assignment?incentiven. 刺激inspirationn. 1.靈感；2.鼓舞encouragement=incentive=inspirationment

4、n.encourage=en-courageen 使有courage 勇氣使有勇氣discourage=dis-courage material incentivedis 否定courage 勇氣使泄氣Your help has been an inspiration to me.preserve=keepconserve=save _orderpreserve _one's energyconserve fresh flesh preserven.保持，腌制2.聯(lián)合法：friendship=friend-ship friend 朋友ship 關(guān)系n.友誼disappointment

5、n.失望disappoint=dis-appointdis 否定appoint 約會ment n. ragrapratrobrodrugrag be in rags rug=carpet blanket(床)rob v. 1.搶劫；2.盜竊stealrob a wallet該句子是錯誤的！rob sb of sthrob him of his walletsteal his wallet rap=knockrat=mousemouse 小老鼠rod=stickrap a rat with a rodpit witA fall in the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一

6、塹，長一智sweet sweatNo sweet without sweat.No pain, no gains.repelrebel repel the rebelstwist wrist twist one's wrist3.諧音法：frugaladj.節(jié)儉的-al adj.腐乳夠=thrifty adj.節(jié)儉的-y 多thrift n. 節(jié)儉live a simple life.live a frugal life.a frugal housekeeper. 一個節(jié)儉的管家thriftthriftycloudcloudy-y 多dirt n.灰塵，塵埃dirtyhairhairy

7、 (sb)a hairy hand fur n.furry (sth)extravagant adj.奢侈的，過分的 extra-vag-ant extra 過多的 vag 喂 ant adj.Parents who have extravagant hopes for their children are bound to be disappointed. bound 必定的，注定的-詞匯一下agony n.苦惱 愛過你curse v./n.詛咒，咒罵 克死ambition n.雄心，抱負 俺必勝slaughter v.屠殺 死了老多inch n.英寸 foot n.英尺 mile n.英里

8、4.對比法：1）形近詞adapt/adoptadapt=ad-apt ad add 增加 增加適應(yīng)性 v. 1.使.適應(yīng);2.改編apt adj.1.適當?shù)?，恰當?shù)模?.有.傾向的 He made an apt remark. 他做出了恰當?shù)脑u論。adapt+sb 使動動詞的賓語通常是人adapt oneself to new environmentadapt oneself to 調(diào)整自己使適應(yīng). 有反身代詞的一定選 adapt. adapt the play for television改編劇本使更適應(yīng)于電視播放adopt=ad-optad 增加opt option 選擇增加+選擇=選中v

9、.1.采納;2.收養(yǎng)optional course 選修課adopt one's suggestionadopt an orphan2) 義近詞reserve ordersubscribereserve v.預(yù)留reserve a room/table/seat at a hotel=book不能拿走，只能留book v.預(yù)定book a ticketorder v.預(yù)定order a cake/suit（男）/dress（女）可以帶走subscribe v.訂閱subscribe to a newspaper/magazine/journal/periodical3) 形近+義近（2

10、004）worth worthyworthwhileadj.價值的worth be worth doing/名詞在此處動名詞表示被動The book is worth reading/being read. 錯誤worthy adj. 1.有價值的；2.值得尊重的，值得表揚的，值得敬佩的（定語，修飾人）be worthy of doing/be worhty to do在此處動名詞是正常的動名詞The book is worthy of being read.The book is worthy to be read. a worthy professor 值得尊重的，值得敬佩的worthwh

11、ile adj.worthwhile doing/to do也可以什么都不帶Our effort is worthwhile.4) 短語 look for look at get upturn down 調(diào)小；拒絕look uplook downlook into look outlook up查找.look up the dictionary 錯look up the word in the dictionary refer to the dictionaryreference n.參考書look down look down on sb/look up to sb 看不起/尊重look i

12、nto=investigate調(diào)查invest-i-gateinvest 投資gate 大門look into the matter look out小心put up=put sb up提供住宿turn down the radioturn down one's requestturn down=decline5.拆解法：prefix-root-suffix 前綴-詞根-后綴前綴改義，后綴改性compose 前綴+詞根重點！1) root-suffix詞根+后綴-y 多 兩個后綴改變詞義的例子industry n. 1.工業(yè);2.勤奮 可以作為詞根出現(xiàn) industrialadj. 工

13、業(yè)的al adj. industrious=diligentadj. 勤奮ous adj.His is industrious in his business.imagine v.想象imaginary想象出來的ary 性質(zhì)imaginative想象力豐富的tive 多imaginable可以想象出來的able 能drinkable 可以飲用的1.The picture is highly_ imaginative2.All the characters in the book are imaginary2) prefix-root前綴+詞根構(gòu)詞法精神的靈魂！abstractcontracte

14、xtractdistractsubtractattracttractorn.拖拉機tract拖，拉abstract=abs-tractabs=ab 離開n.摘要，抽象abnormal adj.反常的contract=con-tractcon=com=cor=col=co 共同，一起v.收縮 n.合同讀音名前動后extract=ex-tractex 外adj.提取，拔出extract a tooth extract juice from fruitdistract=dis-tractdis 分開，否定v.使.分心distract sb from doing sthsubtract=sub-tra

15、ctsub 下面的v.減去，扣除attract=at-tract 字母 a 加詞根的第一個字母表示動作的加強加強拉=吸引-詞匯二上Unit one同根詞:1. compose expose impose propose disposesupposeopposepose 詞根“擺”position n.位置composecomposercompositionhydrogenoxygencompose=com-posecom 共同，一起pose 擺組成，創(chuàng)作composer, compositionWater is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.be compos

16、ed of 被動語態(tài)expose=ex-pose ex 外pose 擺揭露，暴露be exposed to dangerbe exposed to 被動語態(tài)impose=im-pose im=in 里面pose 擺強加impose one's view upon othersimpose sth on/upon sb/sthHis family imposed a heavy burden on his life. other 的用法：otheranotherthe otherothersthe othersevery otheranother(one more)Have anothe

17、r drinkthe other(the second of two)one is red, the other is green.On the other side of the street. others(=other people,只能指人)Some people., others.the others(=the rest,人或物均可)every other每隔一個every other dayevery other line the other day=a few days ago 句子時態(tài)是一般過去式propose proposalpropose=pro-pose pro 前面po

18、se 擺1.建議；2.求婚propose (marriage) to sb proposaldispose disposaldispose=dis-pose dis 否定，沒有pose 擺v.處理(掉)dispose of one's old furnituredispose of sthdisposalMan proposes, God disposes. 謀事在人，成事在天disposal at one's disposal 隨某人自由支配put/leave sth at one's disposalsuppose=sup-posesup 下面pose 擺假設(shè)Let

19、 me suppose it to be so.opposeopposite object tooppose=op-pose opposite adj 相對的，對面的op 相反，相對pose 擺反對oppose the plan/proposaloppose sthI am opposed to your idea.be opposed to sth(被動)object to doing/sth(主動)3. compressdepressexpressimpressoppresssuppresspress v.壓,按compress=com-press v.壓縮He compressd his

20、 idea into a single press sth into sthdepress=de-press de 向下press 壓v.1.向下壓;2.使沮喪 depress the button The gloomy weather depressed me.expressexpression expressway freeway highwayexpress=ex-press ex 向外press 壓v.表達expression express n.快車express trainexpress mailhighway n.公路，干路expressway n.高速公路fre

21、eway n.高速公路（免費的）impress impression impressiveimpress=im-press im 里press 壓v.給.留下印象impression n.impressive adj 印象深刻的ive 很多oppress=op-press op 反press 壓壓迫，壓制oppress the workerssuppress revolt repelrebeltwistwrist sweatsweetsuppress=sup-press sup 下press 壓鎮(zhèn)壓supposeThe revolt was suppressed by the military

22、.repel the rebelstwist one's wristno sweat, no sweet.4. observe v.1.觀察；2.遵守5. exhibitinhibitprohibit-hibit (拿)exhibit displayexhibition bravery battleexhibit=ex-hibitex 外面hibit 拿v. 1.展覽；2.展示出n.展品Our soldiers exhibited great bravery in the battle.display exhibition n.展覽Don't touch the exhibit

23、s.inhibitinexpensive persuadeinhibit=in-hibitin 否定，里面hibit 拿v.約束inexpensive=cheapThe price is cheap. 錯The price is low.v+sb+from+doing 否定prevent sb from doing something inhibit sb from doing something. v+sb+into+doing肯定 persuade sb into doing sthprohibit=pro-hibitpro 在.前hibit 拿禁止inhibit 的升級版prohibit

24、 sb from doing sth形近詞1. attributecontributedistributetribute n.貢品，禮物（下級對上級）-tribute 給予gift 禮物attributeaggravategraveattribute=at-tributeat 加強，加重tribute 給予歸因于.詞根第一個字母重復(fù)表示加強attractaggravate=ag-grav-ateag 加強grave adj.嚴重的ate v.加重aggravate the situationMustafa attributes his success to hard work.attribut

25、e A to B His success is attributed to hard work.A be attributed to Bcontribute=con-tributecon 全部tribute 給予v.1.捐獻；2.促成Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.B contribute to AB 是原因，A 是結(jié)果distribute=dis-tributedis 否定，分開tribute 給予分發(fā)，分配Tickets will be distributed to all club members.2. assureensur

26、e reassure insure securesure 確信assure ensureassure v.使確信 +sb使動動詞通常跟人ensure v.確信，確保+sthI that they'll be safe.ensureI you that they'll be safe.assurereassure repeatcomfort consolereassure=re+assure v.安慰repeatcomfortconsolereassure+sb=console+sb console=con=solecon 一起sole 單一的，單身的(女性) I will tr

27、y to reassure her.The good news consoled him a great deal.insure insuranceinsure v.保險insure the houseinsurance companyHe insured the house against fire.insure sb/sth againstsecure securityhostage marriagepackagesecure v. 保護security checka sense of security/humora sense of responsibilitya sense of du

28、tysecure sbsecure the hostageage n.hostage n.人質(zhì)marriage n.婚姻package n.包裹propose marriage to sbpackage packet pocket parcel pack luggagebaggagesuitcasebriefcase pursepackage=parcelpacket=pack n.小包a packet of cigarettes/candy pocket n.口袋pocket money 零用錢luggage=baggage=suitcasebriefcasewalletpurse-詞匯二下

29、3. confineconfirmconform confrontconfinehouseholdconfine=con-finecon 一起fine 懲罰限制confine the speech to 30 minutes.confine sth (to, within)In the old days women's activities were confined to the household.confirm=con-firm con 一起firm 確定證實，確認He confirmed his reservation by phone.reserveconform compl

30、y abideobserveconform=con-formcon 共同form 形式符合，遵守1.conform to Conform to the form to the local customs 入鄉(xiāng)隨俗ply with comply with the rule3.abide byabide by the law observe 遵守，觀察confront=con-frontcon 一起front 前面（勇敢）面對，面臨be confronted by/with I am confronted with difficulties.be opposed to4

31、. assumepresume resume consumeassumeresponsibility grantassume v.1.假設(shè)（沒有根據(jù)），認為某事是當然的；2.承擔take sth for granted 認為某事是當然的，想當然地認為assume 的真正含義I assumed that I was right.assume the responsibility.=take on the responsibilitypresume missstolengonepresume v.推測（有根據(jù)的）Their son was missing, presumed dead.missin

32、g adj.丟了現(xiàn)在分詞miss v.想念，丟失The wallet was _.lost/missing/stolen/disappearing/gone現(xiàn)在分詞表主動，過去分詞表被動resume vt. 恢復(fù) n.履歷resume+doingresume one's position 復(fù)職consume consumer customer5. boldfoldmoldwithholdthreshold scoldboldventureadventurebold adj. 1.勇敢地，冒失的；2.黑體的It's bold of you to venture to do thi

33、s.adventure n. All the key words are printed in bold type.foldv.折疊fold a letterfolding adja folding chair/bed/rullermold v.塑造n.模子mold one's characterwithhold temptationwithholdv.1.拒付；2.阻擋withhold the paymentwithhold the temptation = resist the temptationthreshold n. 開端，門檻on the threshold ofHe wa

34、s on the threshold of a brilliant career.scoldblamecriticisescold v.斥責，批評scold sb for sthblamecriticise6. disfusediscountdismay disruptdis dif 分開，除去disfuse transmitdisfuse=dis-fuse dis 分開fuse 保險絲擴散，傳播disfuse knowledge/heat=transimit knowledge/heatdiscount=dis-countn.折扣Staff get 20% discount on all g

35、oods.dismay desperate hopeless housewife criminaldismay=dis-may dis 去掉 may 可能性 使絕望 dismay sbWe were dismayed at the news.desperate 1.絕望的；2.鋌而走險的（主觀） hopeless 真正的絕望/沒有希望，無藥可救（客觀）desperate housewives a desperate criminal He was desperate to find a job. 主觀上的感覺 He was hopeless to find any job. 客觀上disrup

36、t=dis-ruptdis 分開rupt 斷裂使中斷disrupt the flight.近義詞1. coarseroughcrudecoarse adj.粗糙的，粗俗的（具體含義）His skin is coarse. a coarse jokerough adj.粗糙的，粗略的（抽象）a rough estimate/computation a draftroughcruderudecruel brutalcrude adj.未經(jīng)提煉的，天然的crude oil/salt raw material natural resourcesrude 粗魯?shù)腸rude 未提純的cruel adj.殘

37、酷的=brutal adj.野蠻的be cruel to sba brutal war/winter2. baldbarebarelyblankvacant hollowbaldbarepatchbald adj.光禿的go bald like your fathera bald patchpatch n.一小塊兒地方bare adj.赤裸的（手，腳）do sth with bare hand.barely hardlyalmostbarely adv.勉強的hardly adv 幾乎不almost adv.幾乎差不多I barely made it. 成功了肯定I almost made i

38、t. 沒成功否定blank adj. 空白的（平面）a blank cheque/pagevacant adj.空缺的（立體，抽象）a vacant seat/rooma vacant position 空缺的職位a vacant house沒人占用an empty room空空的房子hollowtrunkhollow adj.中空的a hollow tree/trunk-詞匯三上3.certificate diplomaqualification licenceguarantee warrantyfactory millworkplantbrick記憶名詞首先要找到通用詞工廠factory

39、通用詞學(xué)習(xí)名詞首先找到通用詞mill n.磨坊；工廠（輕工業(yè)）paper millcotton millworks n.工廠（重工業(yè)）iron works steel worksbrick worksplant n.植物；工廠（制造業(yè)、機電）a manufacturing plant 制造廠traveljourneytripvoyage tourspaceshipspace shuttle touristtourism旅行travel通用詞travel agencyjourney n.長途旅行a long journeyI wish you a safe journey （機場）trip n.

40、短途旅行Have a pleasent trip.voyage n.航行Go on a voyage to Australia/the moon.spaceshipspace shuttletour n.旅游tour guidetouristtourismcertificate n.證書通用詞a birth certificatehealth certificatediploma n.畢業(yè)證書ND=national diplomaa diploma in architecturequalification qualifiedqualification n.從業(yè)資格證書a doctor'

41、s qualificationteaching/nursing qualification qualified adj.有資格的be qualified forMy educational background and professional experience can make me qualified for the job. education background 學(xué)歷背景professional experience 工作經(jīng)驗licence n.執(zhí)照,許可證a driving licencea dog licencemarriage licenceguarantee warran

42、tyguarantee n.保證書The watch comes with a year's guarantee. warranty n.保修證明The new car is still under warranty4. allowancepension dolebonusincomerevenuewages salary glassestrousers instructions 通用名詞income n.收入revenue 收入（集體） wagesn.工資（藍）wagesglasses trousersinstructionssalary n.薪水（白）allowancesubsid

43、yallowance n.津貼，補貼a housing/traffic/traveling allowance=subsidya trade subsidy 行業(yè)津貼pension annuitypension n.退休金，養(yǎng)老金a retirement pension annuity n.年金a life annuity 終身年金dole baldboldbarebarelydole n.失業(yè)救濟金be/go on the dolego baldboldbarebarelyHe was on the dole.bonus premium skillfulbonus n.獎金，紅利 a chr

44、istmas bonus premium n.獎金，保險費（投保人支付的） put/place a premium on 高度重視某事Modem economies place a premium on educated workers. skillful5. meetingconferenceconventioncongresscouncil parliamentseminarforumfairmeeting conferenceconventionmeeting n.會議conference n.正式會議a press conference 記者招待會an annual conferenc

45、e 年會convention n.大會（政、經(jīng)），習(xí)俗the Democratic Party Convention 民主黨大會congresscouncil parliament seminar forumfaircongress n.國會，代表大會the National People's Congress 全國人民代表大會council n.理事會an emergency council 緊急會議parliament n.其它國家的國會seminar n.研討會forum n.論壇international forum of economic 國際經(jīng)濟論壇fair n.博覽會te

46、mple fair 廟會Unit two同根詞1. evolvevolv v.involverevolvevolu n.volt v.n.轉(zhuǎn)，卷evolve evolution apeevolve=e-volee 外volve 轉(zhuǎn)v.進化evolve fromevolution n.進化Man evolves from apes。involvescandalinvolve=in-volvein 里volve 卷v.卷入，涉及be involved in sthbe opposed to 反對被動表主動A famous politician was involved in the scandal

47、. 丑聞revolve revolutionindustriousrevolve=re-volvere 又，再volve 轉(zhuǎn)v.圍繞，旋轉(zhuǎn)revolve around 以.為中心focus onHis life revolves around his job.revolution n.旋轉(zhuǎn)；革命Industrial Revolution 工業(yè)革命industrious 勤奮的，勤勉的internet revolution2. insistpersist resistconsistassistsist=stand 站insist=in-sistin 里面sist 站v.堅持；堅決要求insist

48、 onI insist that 堅決要求虛擬語氣persistpersevere severepersist=per-sistper 貫穿sist 站v.堅持（到底）保持結(jié)果的詞persevere=per-severe per 貫穿severe 嚴酷的，嚴峻的v.堅持persist in sth/doing sthpersist in one's opinion/purpose persevere in sth/doing sthpersevere in one's studiesresist withholdcaptureresist=re-sistre 反sist 站v.

49、抵抗resist temptationresist arrestarrest=ar-restar 加強v.依法逮捕capture n.逮捕capture a birdconsistcomposeconsist=con-sistcon 一起sist 站v.組成consist of compose 共同擺在一起be composed of 被動語態(tài)The United Kindom consists of Great Britain and Northern Irelandassistassistantassist=as-sistas 一起v.輔助，幫助assistant n.助手3. formu

50、laformulateconforminformreformperformtransform uniformform 形式formularecipe methodwayformula=form-ulaula 優(yōu)了n.訣竅；公式What is her formula for success?methodway 很少用用 formularecipe n .食譜，處方，訣竅替換formulate=formul-ateformu 公式ate 動作v.構(gòu)思，規(guī)劃formulate a policyformulate an answerconformapplyabideobserveconform v.符合，遵守conform to observe conform to the