專題導向式學習的教學經(jīng)驗分享

1、專題導向式學習的教學經(jīng)驗分享 分享者：謝宛燕首先做名詞的界定，這裡的PBL指的是 Project-based Learning Approach專題導向式學習運用在英語資優(yōu)學生教學的經(jīng)驗（另一個PBL是Problem-based Learning Approach）在實施任何一個教學法前都要先確定並瞭解對象是誰老師們可能有經(jīng)驗 遇上英語能力很好的學生；背後的原因很多，而且現(xiàn)在這樣的學生會越來越多。他們有可能是課堂上老師的小幫手，也有可能是老師的惡夢。無論如何他們都會帶給需要面對不同程度學生在同一班教室上課的老師們很大的心理壓力；因為他們通常很難而且不可以被忽視。有些學生小小年紀已經(jīng)通過全民英檢

2、中級。一位國中老師能為這樣的學生設計怎樣的學習方式？瞭解英語資優(yōu)的學生還要學什麼？以下是我所面對的六位學生對英語課的期待：l Lots of talking, discussion, and debating, even!l Read more and speak more (discuss more topics in English)l I want to have fun! And talk only in English for a period of time at school.l Practice speaking English more fluently. Make the

3、class just as in an English country (all English lesson).l Learning more about other cultures is a great idea.l We want to extend our horizon to the world.l We dont want to sit and listen. 要與世界接軌 不要老師講課老師角色的轉化：鷹架 (Scaffolding) 理論 (from Vygotsky)：l 放下教與學的框架：不是由老師來準備或使用既有的教材，根據(jù)既定的進度將知識或技能傳授（直接灌入學生的腦中）

4、l 瞭解學生能做什麼：學生可以根據(jù)自己的實際能力，由學生自己在實際的英語學習過程中來瞭解學習上的問題以及獨立解決問題l 瞭解學生要學什麼：學生根據(jù)自己原有的認知架構決定他們要（能）學什麼；教師提供指導協(xié)助，讓學生有機會在與較佳的同儕共同學習的環(huán)境中發(fā)揮潛在能力，得以發(fā)展出較高水平的表現(xiàn)以學生為中心，適用於（各）跨學科學習：（資料來源： 何謂專題研習）1. Robin Fogarty, 1997 專題研習是一種真實學習 (authentic learning) 。對學生來說，它是一種實在的、看得見的、個人化的研習。再者，專題研習給予學生有成果的、有吸引力的學習經(jīng)驗 學習目標明確，能預期學習成果，

5、又能評估學習效果。2. 從做中學3. 學生自主：教學除以學生為中心外，從探索主題、發(fā)現(xiàn)研究問題，到計劃研究方法，以至選取展示學習成果的方式都可以由學生決定，目的是令學生成為學習的主人，訓練他們在反思、自我管理和監(jiān)控方面的能力。課程設計：A project-based learning approach is applied1. A tailored program: They can learn even if they are already very good. They can learn English in using English.2. An integrated/interdi

6、sciplinary program: They can get knowledge concerning other fields through using/learning English.3. A mission no piece of cake even for the native speakers.4. A presentation open to extended learningWe shall discuss some of the followings in class:1. WHO-all the students (you & your co-learners

7、)2. WHAT-a profound study and then a presentation of a certain foreign city which interests you.3. WHY-the reason why the city is special for you.4. HOW-What are the important facts about a city, and how to present your city?The end product It will be an oral presentation of all aspects of your city

8、, which you will show your co-learners in the hopes of persuading them to want to go to your city instead of theirs.Goals of the project-based learning There are several goals of this project. They are:1. to learn about a foreign city 2. to practice speaking English3. to learn how to research a subj

9、ect and express your findings in English4. to boost your ability to give a presentation in English 5. to learn to work with a group of people6. to build confidence in oral English7. to improve your overall English skillsWeekly Meetings:The presenter should:1. Prepare for a 25-minute presentation usi

10、ng whatever forms or supporting media you like and leave 10 minutes for discussion, questions and feedback. You may bring up your problems or questions in the process of exploring your city, collecting the material or preparing the presentation.2. Write an outline for your oral presentation and give

11、 every co-learner a copy. It can be listed facts or organised paragraphs.The co-learners should:1. Minutes of the class: During these meetings one (by taking turns) of the co-learners should take minutes (the written records of the things that are discussed or decided at a meeting) on what happens d

12、uring the meeting, at least half an A4 page long.The minutes should includeThe topics we discussed, what happened, what we accomplished during the meeting and the goals to achieve before the next one, and a word list. Your own subjective comments about what is happening in the class and suggestions

13、or encouraging words to the presenter or other co-learners. The minutes should be turned in (by printed copies or e-mail) before the next class.2. Peer feedback: The other co-learners who are not taking the minutes should write two or three most impressive things in and questions (if there is any) a

14、bout the presentation. Along with these, your comments, suggestions, and encouragements could also be included. Your feedback should be handed in at the end of the period.Facts about self-assessmentIn order to review your abilities and consider your improvement in English, you will have self-assessm

15、ents. They should include:n your abilities in speaking, listening, reading, writing, vocabulary, and confidence in English.n your weaknesses and difficulties in learning, and try to work out practical methods of coping with them.n how much progress you make during this semester.Product Award Peer Ev

16、aluationsIn the end of the course, you will give an overall evaluation of all the presentations. In which, you will have the chance to vote for the best project and other good presentations. Prizes will be awarded.Things to discuss in the first class:1. What do you need to know about your city?(weat

17、her, people, languages, customs, cultures, taboos, etc.)2. What would you like to know about your city?(food, famous persons, landmarks, sightseeing spots, architectures, etc.)3. Resources and Sourceswhere can you find the information you need?(libraries, websites, encyclopaedia, practical experienc

18、e)4. What could a presentation be like? (types, props, mediaposters, power point, projector, real materials )About self-assessment 2 Try to answer the following question:1. How are your listening, speaking, reading, and writing in English different from those of yours on the first day of class? Why?

19、2. How has your confidence changed since the first day of class?3. A. What can you do to improve your English in the future?B. Why is it a good way to improve your English?4. Give yourself a grade (100%) for this class. Explain why you should get this grade?5. What do you think of Self-Assessments?

20、How do they help you in terms of enhancing your English?Examples:I. Floras first and second self-assessments.II. Tinas first and second self-assessments.III. Shanas feedback for TinaIV. Teachers feedback for Tina, the presenter for Københavns: You did a wonderful job! Good points:1.Good to narr

21、ow down and focus on food, architecture, the famous personAnderson.2.Good to ask pre-presentation questions like the starters before the Entre:1) What do you know about Denmark?(Lego from Johnny, a 12-year-old girl helping Jewish to fled from Nazis oppression during the WW1 (2?) from Flora W., Vikin

22、gs and Sagas from Shana.)2) 5 countries in the North Europe.3) Ever tried Danish food? (Danish coffee, Danish pastries) Danish pastries are cakes made from sweet pastry. They are often filled with things such as apple or almond paste.4) How tall the Little Mermaid is?3.Good to tell the reason why Copenhagen is attractive to you.4.Good to have the English-English word bank. To learn how to describe things in longer sentences instead of giving only definitions or synonyms.5.Good to v