名詞習(xí)題綜合演練

1、名詞 鞏固練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)選擇1. Treat the flowers right and your garden will be the _ of the neighborhood. A. destination B. cause C. purpose D. envy2. Whats the_, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesnt make an effort to help himself? A. sympathy B. theme C. object D. point3. “Tommy, run! Be quick! The house

2、is on fire!” the mother shouted, with _ clearly in her voices.A. anger B. rudeness C. regret D. panic4. Giving up my job to go back to full time education was a big_, but now I know it was the best decision I ever made. A. project B. commitment C. competition D. ambition5. Teachers have to constantl

3、y update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _.A. consequence B. independence C. competenceD. intelligence6. Anyway, I can't cheat himit's against all my_. A. emotions B. principles C. regulations D. opinions7. Theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday, th

4、ey bring in a cake for us all to share.A. tradition B. balanceC. concern D. relationship8. I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond_A. hearingB strength C. recognition D. measure9. Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000

5、, a (n) _ of 40,000 per year.A. average B. number C. amount D. quantity10. Those who suffer from headache will find they get _ from this medicine.A. reliefB. safety C. defenseD. shelter11. James took the magazines off the little table to make _for the television.A. room B. area C. fieldD. position12

6、. The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good_.A. expectation B. reputation C. contribution D. civilization13. My morning _includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast. A. drill B. action C. regulation D. r

7、outine14. I cant say which wine is bestits a(n) _ of personal taste. A. affair B. event C. matter D. variety15. The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common _in many parts of the city. A. look B. sign C. sight D. appearance16.You are always full of _.Can you tell me the secret? Taki

8、ng plenty of exercise every day. A. power B. strength C. force D. energy17. Despite such a big difference in _ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special. A. point B. idea C. attitude D. sight18. He and his wife are of the same _; th

9、ey both want their son to go to college. A. soul B. spirit C. heart D. mind19. One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living _. A. bills B. expenses C. prices D. charges20. Of the seven days in a week, Saturday is said to be the most popular _ for a wedding in some cou

10、ntries. A. way B. situation C. event D. choice21. The police are offering a _to anyone who can give information about the lost key. A. price B. prize C. reward D. money22. The video, Under the Dome, has rapidly pushed the public_ about air pollution and encouraged people to join in efforts to make a

11、 difference.A. analysis B. imagination C. awareness D. argument23. I shouldnt have accepted the mans present, but I found it difficult to turn down his _. A. offer B. request C. suggestion D. plan二、完形填空Long long ago, there was a small village. This village had a 1 tradition. At the beginning of ever

12、y year, any boy who had reached the age of majority (成年) was given land and money to build a home. The boy had to 2 his home before winter. If his home failed to endure the cold weather in winter, the villagers could not 3 him in any way. One _4_, Paul and Marc reached their majority. They 5 their l

13、and and money and decided to search nearby villages for ideas on building their homes. In each village, they found the nicest 6 and talked to the owners. Each owner gladly offered 7 . After Marc saw several homes, he 8 the best ideas and went back to his own land. Paul, _9_, continued collecting mor

14、e ideas. Soon he had so many great ideas that he began to 10 some of them. But he always believed he could find even better ideas in the next village. Marc began building his home. He had several false starts, 11 his home gradually rose from his land. By fall, Marc had finished his home. It wasn'

15、;t perfect，but it was strong and he could 12 it later. Paul enjoyed all the beautiful homes and 13 with home owners. The first snow came and Paul, realizing he was running out of time, 14 back to his land. He built the best home he could in the time he had, but it was 15 . The first winter storm des

16、troyed his home and he froze to 16 . The villagers mourned for him. Marc 17 the winter. Each year, Marc searched for other good ideas he could use to make his own home look better. He became a leader in the village, 18 a family, and lived a happy, content life. We all build and improve our own menta

17、l homes. Its 19 and fun for us to search for ideas from other mental home owners, but we only improve our own mental home if we actually 20 the best ideas. 1. A. strange B. hopeful C. literary D. cultural2. A. find B. make C. complete D. buy3. A. help B. encourage C. scold D. persuade4. A. winter B.

18、 summer C. autumn D. spring5. A. exchangedB. receivedC. recognizedD. advice6. A. girlsB. jobsC. housesD. presents7. A. roomsB. drinksC. attentionD. advice8. A. expectedB. gatheredC. createdD. understood9. A. similarlyB. finallyC. howeverD. furthermore10. A. forgetB. believeC. replaceD. doubt11. A. b

19、ecauseB. althoughC. butD. so12. A. repairB. rebuildC. sellD. improve13. A. conversationsB. achievementsC. strugglesD. arguments14. A. droveB. rushedC. flewD. moved15. A. weakB. funnyC. smallD. amazing16. A. blindnessB. deathC. sadnessD. illness17. A. experiencedB. lovedC. survivedD. spent18. A. brou

20、ghtB. earnedC. contactedD. raised19. A. slowB. easyC. dangerousD. special20. A. realizeB. bringC. collectD. apply三、閱讀理解Life in the ClearTransparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window. These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean an

21、d a depth of about 3,300 feetas far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch. Sonke Johnsen, a scientist in biology, says, “These animals live through their life alone. They never touch anything unless theyre eating it, or unless something is

22、eating them.” And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal become see-through? Its trickier than you might think. The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and scatter(散射) light, bouncing it away fro

23、m its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it, so you can see it easily. But a transparent object doesnt absorb or scatter light, at least not very much. Light can pass through it wi

24、thout bending or stopping. That means a transparent object doesnt look very different from the surrounding air or water. You dont see ityou see the things behind it. To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light. Living materials can stop light because th

25、ey contain pigments(色素) that absorb specific colors of light. But a transparent animal doesnt have pigments, so its tissues wont absorb light. According to Johnsen, avoiding absorption is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light from scattering.Animals are built of many different materi

26、alsskin, fat, and moreand light moves through each at a different speed. Every time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering. Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat. Without much tissue to scatter

27、light, it is easier to be see-through. Others build a large, clear mass of non-living jelly-lie(果凍狀的)material and spread themselves over it .Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as w

28、ater does. They need to look uniform. But how theyre doing it is still unknown. One thing is clear for these larger animals, staying transparent is an active process. When they die, they turn a non-transparent milky white.1. According to Paragraph 1, transparent animals_.A. stay in groups B. can be

29、easily damagedC. appear only in deep ocean D. are beautiful creatures2. The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means_.A. silently B. gradually C. regularly D. completely3. One way for an animal to become transparent is to _.A. change the direction of light travel B. gather materials to scatter li

30、ght.C. avoid the absorption of lightD. grow bigger to stop light.4. The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals_. A. move more slowly in deep water B. stay see-through even after death C. produce more tissues for their survival D. take effective action to reduce light spreading四、書(shū)面表達(dá)

31、最近，你班同學(xué)展開(kāi)了一場(chǎng)討論，主題是：Wealth & Health。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下表提供的信息，寫一篇100詞左右的文章，介紹一下你們討論的情況。一些人認(rèn)為財(cái)富更重要1. 沒(méi)有錢萬(wàn)萬(wàn)不行2. 想辦法多掙錢一些人認(rèn)為健康更重要1. 健康是本錢2. 要愛(ài)惜身體個(gè)人看法更看重健康。身體不好，錢再多也無(wú)濟(jì)于事。答案與解析：一、單項(xiàng)選擇1 D，恰當(dāng)管理這些花，鄰居們會(huì)羨慕你的花園的，根據(jù)句意只能選D項(xiàng)，envy 羨慕；嫉妒；destination 目的地。2. D。題意為：依你看，如果他都不努力幫他自己，那我們幫他的目的是什么呢？Whats the point of.”的目的是什么？”sympat

32、hy同情；theme主題；object物體。3. D。發(fā)生火災(zāi)了，媽媽叫喊著，聲音里應(yīng)該是帶著“恐慌”才符合邏輯。anger憤怒；rudeness粗魯；regret后悔，遺憾；panic恐慌。4. B。句意為：放棄工作回去接受全日制教育是個(gè)巨大的，但我現(xiàn)在意識(shí)到那是我做出的最正確的決定。project 工程，項(xiàng)目；commitment花費(fèi)，使用（資金、時(shí)間、人力）；competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；ambition抱負(fù)，野心。5. C。為了保持專業(yè)能力，老師需要不斷地更新他們的知識(shí)。competence能力，符合句意。consequence 結(jié)果；independence獨(dú)立；intelligenc

33、e智力，均不合題意。6. B。句意為：不管怎么樣，我不能欺騙他那違背我的原則。由此判斷此處選principles（行為準(zhǔn)則）。emotion情感；regulation 法規(guī)，規(guī)則；opinion觀點(diǎn)，看法；均不符合題意。7. A。句意為：在我們辦公室有一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)：有人過(guò)生日的時(shí)候，他們就會(huì)帶來(lái)一個(gè)蛋糕跟大家分享。tradition傳統(tǒng)，慣例；balance平衡；concern關(guān)注；relationship關(guān)系。8. C。本題考查名詞辨析。 hearing意為“聽(tīng)力”；strength意為“力氣；力量”； recognition意為“認(rèn)出；識(shí)別；認(rèn)識(shí)”；measure意為“測(cè)量；措施”。句意“她變

34、得認(rèn)不出來(lái)了?！?. A。考察名詞。a number of 許多 amount of 一般加不可數(shù)名詞表金額， a quantity of 既可以加可數(shù)也可以加不可數(shù)， 但沒(méi)有平均每年增加的意思。10. A。本題考查名詞在具體語(yǔ)境的使用。句意應(yīng)為“那些頭痛的人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這種藥物能使頭痛緩解。”所以A項(xiàng)意義符合句意， relief 表示“緩解，減輕，解除”。 safety表示“安全，保險(xiǎn)”；defense 表示“防御，防護(hù)”； shelter表示“掩蔽，保護(hù)”。11. A?？疾槊~意義和用法。詹姆斯把雜志從小桌子上拿下了，目的是為電視騰出空間。make room for是固定搭配，意思是“為騰出空間

35、”的意思，其中的room是不可數(shù)名詞。12. B。 reputation 表示“名聲”；expectation是“期望”的意思；contribution是“貢獻(xiàn)”的意思；civilization是“文明”的意思。13. D。routine意為“常規(guī)，日常事務(wù)”，句意為“我早上要做的事包括在公園慢走和吃早餐時(shí)讀報(bào)”。drill意為“操練，(反復(fù))練習(xí)”；action意為“行動(dòng)，舉動(dòng)，行為”；regulation意為“規(guī)則，規(guī)章，調(diào)節(jié)，校準(zhǔn)”。14. C。matter意為“事件，問(wèn)題”。根據(jù)所提供的情景“I cant say which wine is best”可判斷出哪種酒最好，因?yàn)檫@是個(gè)人口

36、味的問(wèn)題。affair意為“事務(wù)，事件，私事”；event意為“事件，事變，結(jié)果，活動(dòng)，精力，競(jìng)賽”；variety意為“變化，多樣性，種種，品種，種類”。15. C。sight意為“視覺(jué)，風(fēng)景”，表示“在這個(gè)城市的大部分地方都能看見(jiàn)把衣服懸掛在街上”。look意為“樣子，外表”。sign意為“記號(hào)，符號(hào)”。appearance意為“出現(xiàn)，露面，出場(chǎng)，登臺(tái)，外貌，外觀”。16. D。energy，power，strength和force均可表示“力”，但energy意為“能量”，尤指人在做某事并為完成該事所表現(xiàn)出的生機(jī)勃勃的力，多用作不可數(shù)名詞。You are always full of e

37、nergy.表示“你總是精力充沛”。power意為“能力”，詞義豐富，可指內(nèi)在的或外加的力、潛在的或活動(dòng)的力、具體的或抽象的力、身體的或精神的力等。force意為“力”，常指促使物體運(yùn)動(dòng)的力，也可指勢(shì)力、武力或暴力，可用作可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。strength意為“體力”，常指人體或物體內(nèi)存在的力，如氣力、耐力、抵抗力，有時(shí)也可指進(jìn)行某種活動(dòng)的推動(dòng)力，是不可數(shù)名詞。17. C。attitude 意為“態(tài)度”，常與towards連用，表示“對(duì)的態(tài)度”。表示人們?cè)陲嬍撤矫娴膽B(tài)度有很大不同。point 意為“特點(diǎn)，特征，要點(diǎn)”；idea 意為“主意，念頭，思想，計(jì)劃，打算，意見(jiàn)”；sight 意為“

38、視力，視覺(jué)，意見(jiàn)，見(jiàn)解”。18. D。mind 意為“愿望，想法”。根據(jù)所提供的情景“they both want their son to go to college”可判斷出他和他的妻子都一個(gè)共同的愿望。soul意為“靈魂，心靈，精神，氣魄，熱情”。spirit意為“精神，心靈，靈魂”。heart意為“胸，胸部，心胸，心地，心腸，胸懷，感情，熱情，愛(ài)情，靈魂；良心”。19. B。expense 意為“(時(shí)間、精力、金錢等的)消耗，花銷，費(fèi)用”。根據(jù)上文中的One thousand dollars a month可判斷出“一千美元雖然不是一大筆錢，但夠生活的費(fèi)用”。故選B項(xiàng)。bill 意為“

39、賬單，清單”。price 意為“價(jià)格，價(jià)錢，市價(jià)，代價(jià)，價(jià)值”，作“費(fèi)用”解時(shí)指買某件東西所需要的費(fèi)用。charge 意為“費(fèi)用，捐稅，代價(jià)，記賬”，作“費(fèi)用”解時(shí)指賣方開(kāi)出的價(jià)錢。20. D。choice 意為“選擇”。根據(jù)所提供的情景Of the seven days in the a week可判斷出在這七天里星期六是大家普遍選擇為結(jié)婚的日子。way意為“方法，手段”。 situation意為“形勢(shì)，局面，情況，關(guān)系”。 event意為“事件；事情；事變；大事”。21. C。price 價(jià)格，價(jià)錢；prize獎(jiǎng)金。項(xiàng)是錢，屬不可數(shù)名詞，題中所要填的是“酬金，報(bào)酬”。注意正確理解名詞的含義

40、及其搭配是活用語(yǔ)言的基礎(chǔ)，在復(fù)習(xí)備考中要熟練掌握考綱中一些名詞的詞義、搭配、習(xí)慣等，才能更好辨析名詞，從而選擇最符合句意的選項(xiàng)。22. C。解析：A. analysis 分析B. imagination 想象C. awareness意識(shí);覺(jué)察D. argument爭(zhēng)論句意：穹頂之下一經(jīng)發(fā)布就迅速引起公眾對(duì)于空氣污染的關(guān)注，也鼓勵(lì)了人們要有所行動(dòng)。23. A。 offer意為“為某人做某事或給某人某事物的建議，提議”；request要求；suggestion提議或建議的內(nèi)容；plan計(jì)劃。本句句意為：我本不該接受那個(gè)人的禮物，但很難拒絕他的提議。故選A。二、完形填空 文章通過(guò)一個(gè)故事告訴我們，無(wú)

41、論是精神世界還是物質(zhì)世界，尋找一些想法是簡(jiǎn)單的，但是想法的運(yùn)用卻是另外一回事。1. A?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。由下文對(duì)這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的描述來(lái)看，這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)很獨(dú)特，所以四個(gè)詞中只有strange (奇怪的)符合語(yǔ)境。語(yǔ)境為：很久很久以前，有一個(gè)小村莊有著一個(gè)奇怪的傳統(tǒng)。每到年初，已成年的男孩就會(huì)拿到一塊地和一些資金(自己動(dòng)手)去修建自己的房屋。hopeful 有希望的；literary 文藝的，書(shū)本的；cultural文化的。2. C?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。這里指的是在冬天到來(lái)前就要完成房屋的修建。所以用complete，意思是：完成。倒數(shù)第三段 “By fall, Marc had finished his h

42、ome. ”中有同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)：finish。3. A?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。倒數(shù)第三段“The first winter storm destroyed his home and he froze to 16 . The villagers mourned for him. ”告訴我們，由于Paul修建的房子不好，被凍死了，人們都來(lái)哀悼他，但沒(méi)有幫助他度過(guò)寒冬，由此可以看出，在這一奇怪的傳統(tǒng)中，別人是不能提供幫助的，所以選help。4. D。上一段告訴我們，成年的男孩是在每年的年初(At the beginning of every year)拿到一塊地和一些資金的，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有spring(春天

43、)符合語(yǔ)境。5. B。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。對(duì)應(yīng)第一段提到的was given，所以這里選receive意思是“收到”。exchange 交換；recognize 認(rèn)出，承認(rèn)；advise 建議，忠告。6. C。前文告訴我們，他們要建的是房子，這是在外出考察，自然是找最好的房子和房主交談以獲得如何建好房子的建議。文中有多處同義詞home的復(fù)現(xiàn)。7. D考查名詞詞義辨析。每一位房主都很樂(lè)意提供給他們(關(guān)于如何建好房子的)建議。所以選advice?？梢詮摹癝oon he had so many great ideas that he began to 10 some of them. ”中的idea得到啟

44、示。8. B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。Marc參觀了幾棟房子，把房主們提供的建議搜集起來(lái)，所以選gather。意為“搜集”。第九空后的“continued collecting more ideas”有同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。expect 期待，預(yù)料；create 創(chuàng)造；understand理解。9. C?？疾楦痹~辨析。Marc開(kāi)始建房，而Paul 卻仍在繼續(xù)搜集如何建房的建議，兩者之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用however。10. A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。由于搜集的好的修建房屋的方法太多了，以至于忘了一部分，所以用forget。believe 認(rèn)為，相信；replace代替；doubt懷疑。11. C?？疾檫B詞辨析?！癏e

45、had several false starts”和“his home gradually rose from his land”之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用but。12. D?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。倒數(shù)第二段 “Each year, Marc searched for other good ideas he could use to make his own home look better. ”中的make his own home look better，就是說(shuō)他所修的房子可以在建成后隨時(shí)改良，所以用improve。repair 修理、修補(bǔ)； rebuild重建；sell賣。13. A?？疾槊~辨析。

46、第二段的“In each village, they found the nicest 31 and talked to the owners. ”可知應(yīng)該選conversations，意思是“談話、會(huì)話”。14. B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。冬天來(lái)了，第一場(chǎng)雪使Paul意識(shí)到建房子所剩的時(shí)間不多了，所以自己便急匆匆地往回趕，所以選rush，沖、奔，急匆匆地趕。15. A?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。由后面的“The first winter storm destroyed his home”可以看出，由于動(dòng)工時(shí)間較晚，時(shí)間緊，他修的房子不牢固，所以選weak，不牢固的。funny滑稽的；small小的；amazing令人吃驚的。16. B?？疾槊~辨析。下一句“The villagers mourned for him”告訴我們，村民們都去哀悼他，由此可知他被凍死了，所以選death。17. C?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。這里指的是Marc由于修好了房子，順利渡過(guò)了冬天，所以用survive，