山東省臨沂市2018年中考試題英語(解析版)

1、2018 年臨沂市初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試試題英語注意事項:1. 本試卷分第I 卷（選擇題） 和第卷（非選擇題） 兩部分 ,共 10 頁。滿分100 分 ,考試時間100 分鐘。答卷前,考生務(wù)必用0.5 毫米黑色簽字筆將自己的姓名、準考證號、座號填寫在試卷和答題卡規(guī)定的位置。考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。2. 答題注意事項見答題卡,答在本試卷上不得分。第 I 卷 （選擇題共 55 分 ）一、聽力測試（共 15 小題 ,計 15 分 ）注意 : 聽力測試分四部分,共20 小題。做題時,請先將答案畫在試卷上,錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,將所選答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。（一 ） （2018·山東臨沂 ） 聽

2、句子 , 選擇與句子內(nèi)容相對應(yīng)的圖片。每個句子讀兩遍。1. 2. 3. 4. 5.（二 ） （2018·山東臨沂）聽對話和問題, 根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容,選擇最佳答案。對話和問題都讀兩遍。6. A. Hardly ever.B. Once a month.C. Twice a month.7. A. Because she had a headache.8. Because she looked after her sister.9. Because she stayed up to watch a film.8. A. He likes musicians who play differen

3、t kinds of music.B. He likes musicians who write their own songs.C. He likes musicians who play quiet and slow songs.9. A . It s on the top of the fridge.B. It s on the table by the door.C. It s in Susan s schoolbag.10. A. She is walking across the fields.B. She is swimming in the pool.C. She is pla

4、ying tennis with her friend.（三 ） （2018·山東臨沂）聽短文, 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,判斷下列句子正誤, 正確的用“ A”表示,不正確的用 “ B”表示。短文讀兩遍。聽短文前, 你們有 20 秒鐘的時間閱讀下列句子。11. In the forest, one redwood （ 紅杉 ） tree was 70 meters tall and 1000 years old.12. When Julia lived in the tree-house, her family cooked food for her every day.13. Julia us

5、ed her mobile phone to talk to news reporters when she was in the tree.14. In the end. Julia failed and the redwood tree was cut down.15. Finally, Julia stayed in the tree for eight days.請考生們翻到第7 頁 ,先找到第四大題。你們將有5 秒鐘的準備時間。二、單項填空（共 15 小題,計 15 分 ）選擇最佳答案。（2018·山東臨沂 ） 16. The bed piano allows a musi

6、c lover to play piano while he is lyingin bed.A. aB. anC. /D. the16. D 考查冠詞的用法。句意：鋼琴床允許音樂愛好者躺在床上的時候，彈奏鋼琴。play 后跟樂器，樂器前用定冠詞the。（2018·山東臨沂 ）17. Did you read your favorite books April 23? It was World Book Day.A. forB. atC. onD. in17. C 考查介詞的用法。句意：你在四月二十三，你讀了你最喜歡的書了嗎？那天是世界讀書日。在某一天前用介詞on。（2018·

7、;山東臨沂 ） 18. We couldn t buy anything because of the shops were open.A. allB. bothC. nothingD. none18. C 考查不定代詞的辨析。句意：我們不能買任何東西，因為沒有一家商店是開門的。all表示 “三者或三者以上都”； both 表示 “兩者都 ”， nothing 表示 “什么也沒有”， none 表示 “三者或三者以上沒有一個”。根據(jù)句意表示“三者以上都不”，故選D。（2018·山東臨沂 ）19. Could you please speak a little louder? I he

8、ar you very well.A. can tB. mustn tC. shouldn t D. needn tcan't19. A 考查情態(tài)動詞的辨析。句意：請你說大點聲好嗎？我不能很好地聽到你說的話。不能； mustn't禁止；不允許；shouldn t不應(yīng)該；needn t不需要。根據(jù)語境表示“不能夠”故選 A。（2018 ·山東臨沂 ） 20. Jane to call me last night, but she didn t.B. supposesD. is supposeA. supposed20. C 考查被動語態(tài)。句意：詹妮昨天晚上應(yīng)該打電話給我

9、的，但不她沒有。C. was supposedbe supposed to意為“應(yīng)該；被期望”。由下文語境“她沒打電話”可知是“應(yīng)該”（2018·山東臨沂）21. They about a comedy this time yesterday.A. were talkingB. are talkingC. have talkedD. will talk21. A 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意： 昨天這個時候，他們正在談?wù)撘粋€喜劇片。由時間狀語this timeyesterday 和句意可知謂語動詞用過去進行時，表示“過去正在發(fā)生的動作”。故選A。（2018 ·山東臨沂）22. Of

10、 all the blue holes in the world, Sansha Yongle Blue Hole in the SouthChina Sea is now . It is 300.89 meters deep.A. deeperC. as deep asB. very deepD. the deepest22. D 考查形容詞的最高級。句意：在世界上所有海洋藍洞中，中國南海三沙永樂龍洞是最深的。它300.89 米深。由of all 和 in the world 表示范圍的詞及句意可知此處用形容詞的最高級。（2018·山東臨沂）23. I didn t see you

11、 in. You must have been very quiet.A. comesB. to comeC. comeD. have come23. C 考查非謂語動詞。句意：我沒有見你進來，你一定是悄悄地進來的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)此處填非謂語動詞形式，see sb. do sth.意為“看見了某人做某事”。故選C。（2018 ·山東臨沂）24. When you are in your school dining hall during lunchtime, you may feellonely you can find someone to have lunch with.A. if

12、B. unlessC. afterD. because24. C B 考查連詞用法辨析。句意：當在午飯時你在學(xué)校餐廳時，除非你發(fā)現(xiàn)有人和你一起吃午飯，否則你可能感到孤獨。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)前后句是條件關(guān)系，if 不符合句意，故選B。（2018·山東臨沂）25. The TV news reports that there a storm the day after tomorrowA. isB. wasC. will beD. has be25. C 考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：電視新聞報道稱，后天將有暴雨。由時間狀語the day aftertomorrow 判定謂語動詞用一般將來時。故選C。（

13、2018·山東臨沂）26. A primary school in England has signs at its three entrances （ 入口 ）,saying: Greet your child with a smile, not a mobile.A. put intoB. put offC. put onD. put up26. D 考查動詞短語辨析。句意：英國小學(xué)在三個入口處指示牌，上面寫著：笑迎孩子，而不是盯著手機。put into 把放入；put off 推遲； put on 穿上；增加（體重）； putup 張貼。根據(jù)語境signs 可知是“張貼指示牌”

14、。故選D。（2018·山東臨沂） 27. My grandparents like stories have happy endings.A. theyB. whoC. whichD. /27. C 考查定語從句。句意：我爺爺奶奶喜歡有快樂結(jié)局的故事。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)stories 是先行詞，表示物，用關(guān)系代詞which 。故選C。（2018· 山東臨沂）28. Most British people drink tea every day they prefer black tea. Theyusually add milk or sugar to their tea.A.

15、soB. orC. butD. and28. C 考查連詞辨析。句意：大部分英國人每天喝茶，但他們更喜歡喝紅茶，他們通常在他們的茶里加牛奶和糖。根據(jù)句意表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選C。（2018·山東臨沂）29. popular festival Halloween is in North America!A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. How a29. B 考查感嘆句。句意：在北美萬圣節(jié)是一個多么受歡迎的節(jié)日??！分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)此處強調(diào)的是可數(shù)名詞festival，故選 B。（2018·山東臨沂）30. Excuse me, could you please tell

16、 me from here to the airport? Sure, It s a bout 100 kilometers.A. how far it isB. how long it takesC. how far is itD. how long does it take30. A 考查賓語從句。句意：請問，請你告訴我從這兒到飛機場多遠？可以，大約100 公里。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知是賓語從句，由賓語從句用陳述語序，排除選項C、 D 。根據(jù)答語可知是詢問的距離，故選A。三、閱讀理解（共 25 小題 ,計 25 分 ）A（2018 ·山東臨沂 ）People already know

17、a lot about animals. However, there are still some things about animals that may surprise you. Here are some facts about animals you probably didn t know.Cows do have best friends and feel stressed when they are separated. Scientists have found that cows are very social animals and a cow always make

18、s friends with other cows. When a cow is with its friends, it feels relaxed, compared with when it is alone.During breeding season, a male penguin （ 企鵝 ） will offer a small stone to a female penguin as a gift. If she takes it, they will become partners. When the female penguin lays an egg, she and h

19、er partner may carry it on their feet, because some penguins don（鳥巢 ）. t build nestsCrocodiles （鱷魚） swallow （吞 ） stones. Crocodiles always swallow their food instead ofeating it like other animals. They swallow stones which break the food into very small pieces in their stomachs. These stones may st

20、ay in their stomachs all their lives.Elephants use plants to treat pain or other illness. Scientists once found a pregnant （ 懷孕的 ） elephant in Africa who ate a kind of plant which was not part of her normal food. Four days later, she gave birth to a baby elephant. The same plant was used by the loca

21、l pregnant women.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,判斷下列句子正誤。正確的用“ A”表示,不正確的用“ B”表示。31. A cow hates making friends with other cows.32. All the male penguins will build nests if the female penguins lay eggs.33. Crocodiles swallow stones to help with digestion （ 消化 ）.34. Elephants eat plants only when they are hungry.35. The pas

22、sage mainly tells us some surprising facts about animals.體裁說明文話題動物詞數(shù)224【主旨大意】本文主要介紹了四種動物牛、企鵝、鱷魚和大象一些不被人所知的生活習(xí)性。36. B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Scientists have found that cows are very social animalsand a cow always makes friends with other cows. 可判定，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)牛喜歡與其它牛交朋友。故本句與原文事實不符。37. B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句When the female

23、 penguin lays an egg, she and her partnermay carry it on their feet, because some penguins don鳥巢 ).t可知， build n并不是所有的企 ests (鵝將為筑巢。38. A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句They swallow stones which break the food into very smallpieces in their stomachs.可知， 它們吞石頭是為了把在它們肚子里的食物變小，從而幫助它們消化。故本句與文章事實相符。39. B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Ele

24、phants use plants to treat pain or other illness. 可知，大象吃植物是為了止痛或治病。故本句與文章事實不符。40. A 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Here are some facts about animals you probably didn tknow. 可知，本文主要介紹了動物的一些不被人知(令人驚訝的)情況。（2018 ·山東臨沂）What was discovered by accident? The answer is penicillin （青霉素）. Itkills germs. By killing germs

25、, it saves lives. Suppose you are sick. You go to a doctor. She examines you. She says you have a “ staph in” fection （葡萄球菌感染）. She gives you somemedicine. You take it. The medicine knocks out the staph. Soon you are well. Before penicillin, this would not happen. Staph was almost sure death.Everyon

26、e wanted a medicine. Laboratories worked day and night. They grew the staph in small dishes. Then they tried to kill it. Nothing worked.The laboratory dishes had covers on them. They kept things from falling into dishes. Molds（霉菌 ） were a big worry. They are always in the ai r. You can t see them. T

27、hey re too small. There are thousands of different molds. Molds can make an experiment （ 實驗 ） fail. That s why dishes are covered.Dr. Alexander Fleming was working to kill the staph germ. He worked for years. One day he took a cover off a dish. He looked inside. There was a thick growth of staph ger

28、m. There was also some mold. Then he saw something strange. Where the mold was, there was no growth of staph. This is what Fleming probably tho ught. B“y accident, I found a mold to kill the dreaded staph.”This is how penicillin was found. But here s the real miracle （ 奇跡 ）. There are thousands of k

29、inds of molds. But only one kind can kill staph. The mold must have fallen into the dish a few days before. The cover was probably off only a few seconds （ 秒 ）. In those few seconds the right mold fell into the right dish. Another man might have thrown the dish away. But Fleming was very careful and

30、 smart. He understood what the mold did. How lucky the humans were! 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案41. During the experiments to find a medicine for staph infections, .A. the dishes were not coveredB. staph and mold were put togetherC. mold was kept in small dishes D. staph was grown in small dishes 37. The worddr“ e

31、aded” means “ . _ ”A. famousB. scaryC. healthD. endangered38. The last paragraph suggests that .A. accidents happen to everyoneB. the careful person does not have accidentsC. the careless person will miss valuable chancesD. luck is enough when doing scientific experiments39. Most of this passage is

32、written by .A. telling an unusual storyB. showing the results of experimentsC. offering some reasonsD. giving some advice40. This passage is mainly about .A. medicine for a staph infectionB. useful accidentsC. Dr. Fleming s researchD. discovering penicillin體裁說明文話題科學(xué)技術(shù)詞數(shù)30736. D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句They gr

33、ew the staph in small dishes. 可知，在實驗的過程中，青霉素是在密封的盤子里生長的。故選D。37. B 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段You go to a doctor. She examines you. She says you have a“ staph ” infect可知，葡萄球菌能讓人生病，說明它“可怕的ion”。38. C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中There are thousands of kinds of molds. But only one kindcan kill staph. 可知，有數(shù)以萬計的霉菌，但只有一個能殺死葡萄球菌，從而可推斷出只有細

34、心的人才能發(fā)現(xiàn)霉菌殺死葡萄球菌，故粗心的人是得不得有價值的東西的。39. B 細節(jié)理解題。整篇文章都是通過實驗介紹青霉素和霉菌是怎樣被發(fā)現(xiàn)的。故選B。40. D 主旨大意題。本文介紹了青霉素在實驗室的意外發(fā)現(xiàn)以及主要用途。故選D。C 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從方框中選出恰當?shù)膯卧~或短語填空,使語意通順完整。第一個方框供41. 45 小題選用, 第二個方框供46 50小題選用。每個選項只能使用一次,每框有一項剩余。A. since B. speakers C. our D. until E. included F. expresses（2018 ·山東臨沂）He was a poet （詩人 ）

35、 known for the nostalgia （懷舊） he describes in hispoems. Now, It s time for us to express 41 nostalgia for this great writer.On December 14, 2017 the famous Chinese poet Y u Guangzhong passed away in Taiwan. He was born in 1928 in Nanjing, Jiangsu. Y u and his family moved to Taiwan in the 1950s. He

36、lived and worked there 42 his death.Nostalgia is Yu s famous poem in which he 43 his homesickness （鄉(xiāng)愁 ） for the Chinese mainland when he was in Taiwan. The poem came out in 1971, and it remains highly popular among Chinese 44 worldwide. Even those who know little about literature enjoy lines from th

37、e poem. The poem is 45 in Chinese high school textbooks.A. translated B. writing C. stick to D. achievements E. give up F. successful（2018 ·山東臨沂）Besides his 46 in poems, Yu was also a 47 translator （翻譯家 ）,essay writer and critic.He once 48 English poet Siegfried Sassoon s poem In Me, Past, Pres

38、ent, Future Meet into Chinese. It is regarded as a perfect and powerful translation, in which the most famous line is “心有猛虎, 細嗅薔薇” for “ In me the tiger sniffs the rose”.Yu spent his whole life 49 . In a 2015 interview with People Daily , he said, “The reason why I 50 writing till today is my passio

39、n （ 熱愛 ） for the Chinese language. He then” added that his love for his mother and his motherland made this passion stronger.文章出處：答案： 41. 42. 43. 44. 45.46. 47. 48. 49. 50.體裁說明文話題人物故事詞數(shù)254【主旨大意】 “鄉(xiāng)愁詩人”余光中在臺灣去世，他的著名詩歌鄉(xiāng)愁 ，在海內(nèi)外華人間廣為傳誦。他不僅在詩歌方面卓有成就，也在翻譯和散文等方面也很成功。41. C 句意：對我們來說，是該表達我們對這位偉大的作家懷念之時。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)

40、可知，此處填一個形容詞或相當于形容詞的詞。由上文for us 可推理是“表達我們的懷念”。42. D 句意：他住在和工作那里直到他去世。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處填介詞，根據(jù)句意可知填 until 。43. F 句意： 鄉(xiāng)愁是余光中著名的詩，表達了他在臺灣時對大陸戀戀不舍的一份情懷。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知填動詞。文章有“表達鄉(xiāng)愁”之意。44. B 句意：這首詩1971 年出版，它在中外華人中廣泛流傳。45. E 句意：這首詩被選入高中語文教材。46. D 句意： 除了他在詩詞方面的成就外，余光中也是一位成功的翻譯家，散文家和評論家。47. F 句意：除了他在詩詞方面的成就外，余光中也是一位成功的翻譯家，散

41、文家和評論家。48. A 句意：余光中把英國詩人西格夫里·薩松的詩于我，過去，現(xiàn)在以及未來翻譯成漢語。 translate into 把 翻譯成 49. B 句意：余光中一生筆耕不輟。spend.（in） doing sth. 做某事花費 。50. C 句意： 直到今天我沒有放棄寫作的原因是我對漢語的熱愛。give up doing sth. 放棄做某事。D（2018 ·山東臨沂 ） Shanghai is one of the first cities in China to see bike sharing fever. Shared bikes can now be

42、found all over the city. 51 On streets see riders of your age. Some might even be younger than you. Unluckily, there have been some accidents involving （涉及）shared bikes. 52One of the most serious accidents took place in March. One Sunday afternoon, a boy was riding an ofo bike （ 共享單車）. He was hit by

43、 a bus and later died. The boy s parents were not byhis side. 53 He was only about 10 years old.The good news is that Shanghai has been trying to manage bike sharing by making rules. The rules are still being discussed, but some of the rules have been decided on. 54 Users must be between 1. 45 and 1

44、.95 meters tall.However, it could be hard to make these rules work. Ou Jing is ofo s manager in Shanghai. He said the company had banned （禁止） children under 12 from using its service. Yet, youngchildren can still be seen riding ofo bikes. That s because many ofo bikes use manual （ 手動的 ） locks. 55 Of

45、o has developed electronic locks. However, it will take some time for the company to fix the new locks on all of its bikes.Most of you are old enough to ride a shared bike. Still, please ride slowly for your own safety. When you finish using the bike, don t forget to park and lock it properly fo r e

46、verybody s s afety. 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從方框中選出五個句子填入文中空缺處,使短文內(nèi)容通順完整。A. If a user doesn t lock the bike properly after using it, anyone can ride it away.B. In fact, they are popular not only among adults but also among teens.C. All of the children under 12 have stopped riding ofo bikes.D. Besides, the boy was co

47、nsidered too young to ride a bike.E. For example, only people aged between 12 and 70 can ride shared bikes.F. These accidents warn us that shared bikes are not for everybody.答案：51. 52. 53._ 54._ 55.體裁議論文話題交通 /熱點話題詞數(shù)253【主旨大意】本文介紹了上海共享單車對兒童的使用進行限制的原因所采取的措施。51. B 根據(jù)下句On streets see riders of your age.

48、Some might even be younger than you. 和上句Shared bikes can now be found all over the city. 可判斷此句應(yīng)該是“實際上，它們不僅在成人中受歡迎，而且在青少年中也受歡迎”。52. F 根據(jù)上句Unluckily, there have been some accidents involving （ 涉及 ） shared bikes 可知，不幸地是，一些事故涉及到共享單車。與選項F“這些事故警告共享單車不是每個人都可以使用的。53. D 根據(jù)上文和下句He was only about 10 years old.

49、可知本處與這個男孩有關(guān)，故選D。54. C 根據(jù) The rules are still being discussed, but some of the rules have been decided on. 可知與選項 C “所有十二歲以下的孩子停止使用騎共享單車。55. A 根據(jù)上文That bse cause many ofo bikes use manual locks. 和下文 Ofo has developedelectronic locks. 可知本句應(yīng)該與共享單車的上鎖有關(guān)。第卷（非選擇題共 45 分 ）四、 （2018 ·山東臨沂）聽寫（共 5 小題 , 計 5

50、分 ）聽對話 , 根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容完成下列句子, 每空詞數(shù)不限。對話讀三遍。聽對話前,你們20 秒鐘的時間閱讀下列句子。56. When will Mark go to Qinghai?He will go there in .57. What does Lucy think of Mark s trip? She thinks it is .58. How is the weather in Qinghai at night?It s .59. How long will Mark stay in Qinghai?He will stay there for .60. What will Mar

51、k do when he arrives?He will to Lucy.五、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換（共8 小題 ,計 8 分 ）用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空, 每空格限填一詞。（2018·山東臨沂 ） 61. Children will be in danger in a swi mming pool if their parents don t take good care of . （they）61. themselves（2018 ·山東臨沂 ） 62. Chinese scientists have successfully cloned （ 克隆 ）two . They a

52、renamed Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua. （monkey）62. monkeys（2018 ·山東臨沂 ）63. The oceans are polluted by plastic waste. （heavy）63.heavily（2018 ·山東臨沂 ） 64. An American father made pretty dresses for his daughter out of his old shirts. （wife）64. wife s（2018·山東臨沂 ）65. Every year, about 6.5 millio

53、n people die because of air . （pollute）65. pollution（2018·山東臨沂 ） 66. Jimmy could not sleep at first. He finally fell when the rainstormstopped at midnight. （sleep）66.asleep（2018· 山東臨沂） 67. It is very for me to have conversations with friends in English everyday. My speaking skills have cer

54、tainly improved. （help）67.helpful（2018·山東臨沂 ）68. We should protect the endangered wild animals, or they will in thenear future. （appear）68.disappear六、動詞應(yīng)用（共7 小題 ,計 7 分 ）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當形式填空,必要時可加助動詞或情態(tài)動詞。(2018 ·山東臨沂)Campbell Remess is a teenager from Australia. He has been sewing ( 縫制 )

55、teddy bears for sick children for several years.The story 69 (begin) in 2013 when Campbell was nine years old. He told his parents that he wanted to give Christmas gifts to children in hospitals. But his parents said no, because with nine children of their own, buying presents for sick children woul

56、d just cost too much. The little boy didn t give up, however. He decided 70 (make) their presents by himself.Campbell made his f irst teddy bear with his mother s sewing m achine in his bedroom. It was hard for him as he had never done this before. He downloaded ( 下載 ) patterns from the Internet and

57、 learned how to make a teddy bear by 71 (watch) videos online. It took him five hours to finish his first teddy bear. He can now make a teddy bear in an hour. He has also started a project called “ Project 365 by Campb einll which ”he72 (try) to make a teddy bear every day.Young Campbell uses his pocket money to buy materials for making teddy bears. To make mo