2020年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)全國(guó)卷1及答案解析供參考

1、2021年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一測(cè)試英語(yǔ)全國(guó)卷1及答案解析英語(yǔ)第一局部聽(tīng)力共兩節(jié),總分值30分做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上.錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上 的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到做題卡上.第一節(jié)共5小題；每題1.5分,總分值7.5分聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話,每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng).聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)答復(fù)有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題.每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍.例:How much is the shirt?A. 19.15.B. 018.C. 15.答案是Co1. What will James do tomorrow?A. Watch a TV pr

2、ogram.B. Give atalk.C. Write a report.2. What can we say about the woman?A. She s generous.B. She s curious.C. She shelpful.3. When does the train leave?A. At 6:30.B. At 8:30.C. At10:304. How does the woman go to work?A. By carB. On footC. By bike.5. What is the probable relationship between the spe

3、akers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C.Doctor and patient.第二節(jié)共15小題；每題1.5分.總分值22.5分聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白.每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng).聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每題5秒鐘,聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間.每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩 遍.聽(tīng)第6段材料,答復(fù)第6、7題6. What does the woman regret?A. Giving up her research.B. Dropping out of college.C. Chan

4、ging her major.7. What is the woman interested in studying now?A. Ecology.B. Education.C.Chemistry聽(tīng)第7段材料,答復(fù)第8、9題.8. What is the mam?A. A hotel manager.B. A tour guide.C. A taxidriver.9. What is the man doing for the woman?A. Looking for some local foods.B. Showing her around the seaside.C. Offering

5、information about a hotel.聽(tīng)第8段材料,答復(fù)第10至12題.10. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In an office.B. At home.C. At arestaurant.11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?A. Go to a concert.B. Visit a friend.C. Workextra hours.12. Who is Alice going to call?A. Mike.B. JoanC.Catherine

6、.聽(tīng)第9段材料,答復(fù)第13至16題.13. Why does the woman meet the man?A. To look at an apartmentB. To deliver some furniture.C. To have a meal together.14. What does the woman like about the carpet?A. Its color.B. Its design.C. Itsquality.15. What does the man say about the kitchen?A. It s a good size.B. It s newly

7、 painted.C. It sadequately equipped.16. What will the woman probably do next?A. Go downtown.B. Talk with her friend.C. Makepayment.聽(tīng)第10段材料,答復(fù)第17至20題.17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?A. Movie fans.B. News reporters.C.College students.18. When did the speaker take English classes?A. Before h

8、e left his hometown.B. After he came to America.C. When he was 15 years old.19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher?A. He s proud.B. He s sympathetic.C. He sgrateful.20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?A. How education shaped his life.B. How his language skills improved.C. How he man

9、aged his business well.答案：1-5 BCCBA 6-10 BABCC 11-15 ABAAC16-20BCBCA第二局部閱讀理解共兩節(jié),總分值40分第一節(jié)共15小題；每題2分,總分值30分閱讀以下短文,從每題所給的 A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最正確選項(xiàng),并在 做題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑.Washington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see th

10、e world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossoms disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 ho

11、urs (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mail as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tou

12、r in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congre

13、ss, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route即線)make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to t

14、he monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capital Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are make for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tou

15、r do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bike Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a

16、 national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. Enjoy interesting stories.23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps.B. Cameras.C. Meals.D. Safety lights.此篇為有小標(biāo)題的應(yīng)用文,內(nèi)容為華盛頓四種騎車游的介紹,配備3道細(xì)節(jié)理解 題,出題形式中規(guī)中矩,相比照擬簡(jiǎn)單.此類文章根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞仔細(xì)回原 文尋找對(duì)應(yīng)即可.21. A細(xì)節(jié)理解題.題目問(wèn) 哪一個(gè)騎車游需要提前預(yù)定,根據(jù)第一

17、段內(nèi)容中的“Reserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossoms disappear在有效期和櫻 花消失前預(yù)約訶知應(yīng)選Ao此題難點(diǎn)在于熟悉詞匯in advance和reservR .22. D細(xì)節(jié)理解題.題目問(wèn) 首都騎車游中你能做什么,根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容中的“ Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks知識(shí)豐富的向?qū)?huì)給你講關(guān)于總

18、統(tǒng)、 國(guó)會(huì)、紀(jì)念館還有公園的最有趣的故事可知應(yīng)選D選項(xiàng)聽(tīng)有趣的故事23. D細(xì)節(jié)理解題.題目問(wèn) 以下哪一個(gè)是夜間騎車游提供的,根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容中的 “All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety ligh ts所有騎行者裝備反光背心和平安燈可知應(yīng)選D選項(xiàng).BGood Morning Britain Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role -

19、 showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under 5 per fam ily a day. And the Good Mo

20、rning Britain presenter says shes been able to put a lot of what shes learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, I4, Finn, 13. and Jack, 11We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant, she explains,“I pay 5 話 io,aDpo Matt make

21、sthem for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food. But sometimes were not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves. The eight-part series 系歹！J節(jié)目,Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money: Good Health, which gave v

22、iewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expenses, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight s Faster special, they come to the aid ofa family in need of some delicious inspiration on

23、 a budget. The team transforms the family sigpweekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?B. She has started a new programmeD. She has had a tight budget forB. He prepares food for her kids.D. He invites guest families for her.A. She enjo

24、ys embarrassing her guests.C. She dislikes working early in the morning. her family.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A. He buys cooking materials for her.C. He assists her in cooking matters.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph4?B. Provide some advice for theD. Introduce a new to

25、pic for theB. Balancing Our Daily DietD. Cooking Well for LessA. Summarize the previous paragraphs. readers.C. Add some background information. discussion.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartC. Making yourself a Perfect Chef24. B.細(xì)節(jié)題,出處可定位至第一段 her latest role,

26、為各種家庭展示如何用比擬少的預(yù) 算去做既好吃又有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的飯菜；A選項(xiàng)雖然提到Susann琲口 guest,但是embarrass 偷換了原文的概念,可以排除；C選項(xiàng)無(wú)中生有；D選項(xiàng)原文中未提到她自己的 家庭預(yù)算很緊張.25. C.細(xì)節(jié)題,出處定位至第二段 with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under $5 per family a dayj 知 Matt在烹飪事物上幫助了 Susanna26. C.細(xì)節(jié)題,出處定位至

27、 Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money: Good Health,可知作者是為讀者介紹了 Save Money這個(gè)節(jié)目是怎么來(lái) 的,即是背景信息,應(yīng)選擇 C項(xiàng).27. D.主旨題,主旨句一般可定位至文章的第一段,but后的關(guān)鍵信息點(diǎn)she is cooking up a storm in her latest role - showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budgets知答案 D.CL

28、anguages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was sill populated by hunter-gatherers , small tightly knit 瞅系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language expert

29、s believe that 10000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 1200 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trad

30、e, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increas

31、ingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only aroun

32、d 200 languages; the Americas about 1000; Africa 2400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number 中位數(shù))of speakers is a mere 6000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well ove

33、r 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busum in Cameroon (eight remaining Speaker), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark) none

34、 of these seems to have much chance of survival.28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A. They developed very fast.C. They had similar patterns.29. Which of the following best explainsA. Complex.C. Powerful.B. They were large in number.D. They were closely connected.dominant

35、underlined in paragraph 2?B. Advanced.D. Modern.30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6000 people at present?D. About 1200A. About 6800B. About 3400C. About 240031. What is the main idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B. People s lifestyles are reflectedbWer languages.C. Human

36、 development results in fewer languages.D. Geography determines language evolution.28. B.細(xì)節(jié)題.由 hunter-gatherer times定位至U第一自然段,根據(jù) when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 1200 languages between therflT 是當(dāng) 時(shí)人少,但是語(yǔ)言很多.29. C.猜題題.根據(jù)第二段后半局部 dominant languages such as English,

37、 Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over列舉的英語(yǔ)、西班牙語(yǔ)、中文等都是使用人數(shù) 較多等語(yǔ)言,所以選擇powerful.30. B.細(xì)節(jié)題.根據(jù)第三段 At present, the world has about 6800 language初 The median number 中位數(shù)of speakers is a were 6000 ,which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than thatj知現(xiàn)在有 3400 種語(yǔ)言被 少于60

38、00人說(shuō).31. C.主旨題,根據(jù) Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more goin可知增力口的語(yǔ)言少消 失的語(yǔ)言多,且本文根據(jù)時(shí)間順序?qū)懽?講了隨著人類開(kāi)展,很多語(yǔ)言消失.所 以選擇CoDWe may think we re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shin

39、y and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices 裝置well after they go out of style. That s bad news for the envaodment wallets - as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the news ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using. Call

40、ie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life -from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the ear

41、ly 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more de

42、vices, however, we didnt throw out our old ones.Theliving- room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room, and suddenlyone day, you have a TV in every room of he house, said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.We

43、re not just keeping these old devices we continue也 use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt s team, old desktopsnaoditbox TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions 排放more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 win

44、dow.So whats the solution 解決方案? The teams date only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on demand envi

45、ronment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.33. Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?A. To

46、reduce the cost of minerals. product.C. To update consumers on new technology. consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.D. They go out of style quickly.B. To test the life cycle of aD. To find out electricityB. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.A. Stop usi

47、ng them.C. Upgrade them.B. Take them apart.D. Recycle them.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?32. A根據(jù)第段最后句 “That s bad news for the environmeand our wallets - as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the news ones that do the

48、same things,可知,做同樣的事,舊的過(guò)時(shí)的裝置比新裝置消耗更多能源,對(duì)環(huán) 境有害.通過(guò)比照可知,新裝置對(duì)環(huán)境有益,所以選 Ao B、C不又t D沒(méi)提到.33. D根據(jù)第二段第句“To figure out how much power these devices are using.知,“Babbitt團(tuán)隊(duì)組織這個(gè)研究是為了弄清這些裝置使用多少能源,所以選 D.當(dāng)題 干中出現(xiàn) why時(shí),在原文中找to或because34. B根據(jù)第二段 “This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since

49、the early 199Qbefore tablets and eeaders showed up in 2007.可知, tablet 便簽是最新出現(xiàn)的,又由于第一段最后一句 That s bad news for the environment - and our wallets - as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the news ones that do the same things可知,新裝置比舊裝置消耗能源少,所以 tablet消耗 最少的能源,選B35. A根據(jù)最后段 consumers repl

50、aced old products with new electronic：T知,文 議人們用新裝置代替舊裝置,所以選 A,停止使用舊裝置.第二節(jié)共5小題；每題2分,總分值10分根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng).選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng).Color is fundamental in home design-something you ll always have ieryv room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms yo

51、u ll love to live in. Do you want a room that s full of life?Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36,color is the key to make a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach th

52、is important point. 37, they can get a little complex. Butgood news is that thee re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.38. They re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and basketsthat mo

53、st of us used to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofa, dinner tabl

54、es or bookshelves. 39. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, andthey have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decision in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense

55、 put into it are significant. 40.A. While all of them are usefulB. Whatever you re looking forC. If you re experimenting with a colorD. Small color choices are the ones we re most familiar withE. It s not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF. So it pays to be sure, because you want

56、 to get it right the first timeG. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways解析：36. B上文中提到 你是否在尋找你意中的房間并給出了幾種選擇.B選項(xiàng)承接 了上旬的問(wèn)題,無(wú)論你在尋找什么并且引出了下旬的答案 顏色是重要因素37. A選項(xiàng)中的them指代上文中的different techniques和下文中的they指代內(nèi)容 相同.38. D上一段末尾提到要介紹三種顏色選擇,本段詳細(xì)介紹第一種small colorchoice.39. G本段主

57、要內(nèi)容是 medium color choice,前半句承接上文中 medium是small 的升級(jí),后半句引出下文的兩種方式.40. F上文中提到時(shí)間、努力和相應(yīng)的費(fèi)用付出是巨大的,迎合F選項(xiàng)中so it pays to be sure.第三局部 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用共兩節(jié),總分值45分第一節(jié)完型填空共20小題；每題1.5分,總分值30分閱讀下面的短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng),并在做題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑.During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a“free course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I _41_ theidea of taking the class because, after all, w