景觀建筑詞匯5

1、花園景觀詞匯接龍5building model建筑模型building environment modeldisaster prevention designfire protection designfire code防火標(biāo)準(zhǔn)fire hazard classificationfire compartmentationfire protection ratingbuilding occupancyseparation distance建筑環(huán)境模型防災(zāi)設(shè)計防火設(shè)計火災(zāi)分類防火分區(qū)耐火等級建筑用途防火間距combustible 燃燒體non combustible 非燃燒體flammabilit

2、y著火性能flash point閃點(diǎn)fire endurance耐火極限safety exit平安出口fire wall防火墻fire break防火帶fire door,fireproof door防火門fire window 防火窗escape stair疏散樓梯shaft en closure堅(jiān)井圭寸閉fire ladder消防梯water curtain水幕aseismic design, earthquakeresistance design抗震設(shè)計vibration control design防振設(shè)計elastic mounting彈性支承soft floor covering軟

3、性覆面active insulation積極防振passive insulation消極隔振blast proof design防爆設(shè)計explosive material易爆物料explosive venting泄瀑radiationproof design防輻射設(shè)計lead shielding鉛板屏lightning prevention design避雷設(shè)計corrosion proof design防腐蝕設(shè)計building defect建筑缺陷earth heaving地面隆起wall crazing, wall cracking墻體開裂water penetration建筑漏水da

4、mpness penetration建筑受潮surface sweating, condensation外表結(jié)露surface blistering外表起泡surface peeling外表剝落flaking外表片落brick efflorescence磚面泛白pipe bursting管道炸裂stack leaning煙囪傾斜beam sagging梁下垂roof ponding屋面積水building diagnosis建筑診斷building cost建筑費(fèi)用電磁屏蔽設(shè)計electro magnetic shieldingstandardized classification標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分項(xiàng)co

5、st item費(fèi)用工程sitework 場地工程site preparation場地準(zhǔn)備site facility場地設(shè)施offsite work場外工程substructure下部結(jié)構(gòu)superstructure上部結(jié)構(gòu)building envelope, enclosure圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)interior partition內(nèi)部隔斷mechanical system機(jī)械系統(tǒng)electrical system電氣系統(tǒng)fixed equipment固定設(shè)備furnishing陳設(shè)furniture家俱specialties專門工程overhead cost管理費(fèi)用contingencies未預(yù)見費(fèi)用c

6、ost in use使用期費(fèi)用energy cost能源費(fèi)用repair cost修理費(fèi)用replacement cost更換費(fèi)用alteration cost更改費(fèi)用demolition cost撤除費(fèi)用salvage cost殘值building economic life建筑經(jīng)濟(jì)壽命discount rate折現(xiàn)率present worth現(xiàn)值risk analysis風(fēng)險分析decision analysis決策分析pre occupation evaluation使用前評估post occupation evaluation, POE使用后評估technical performanc

7、e技術(shù)性能functional performance使用性能behavioral performance行為性能buildability可建性safety平安性reliability可靠性實(shí)用性社區(qū)生活質(zhì)量durability 耐久性 commodity, practicality habitability 可居性 quality of life, QOL privacy 私密性 identity 識別性 diversity多樣性pluralism多元性unity 統(tǒng)一性 harmony 諧和感 comparison 比較 repetition 重復(fù) association 聯(lián)想 openn

8、ess 開放性 motion 動態(tài) repose 靜態(tài) temporal spirit 時代性 national character 民族性genius loci 地方性sense of place 場所感adaptability 適應(yīng)性contextuality 文脈性 environmental acoustics 環(huán)境聲學(xué) fundamental frequency 基頻 basic frequency 主頻 pure tone 純音 diffraction 衍射 reflection 反射 refraction 折射 scattering 散射effective sound press

9、ure 有效聲壓 sound power 聲功率 sound pressure level 聲壓級 sound intensity level 聲強(qiáng)級 sound power level 聲功率級 decibel, dB 分貝 frequency interval 頻程 frequency spectrum 頻譜 line spectrum 線譜 continuous spectrum 連續(xù)譜audible sound 可聽聲audibility threshold 聽閾masking effect 掩蔽效應(yīng)wave interference 干預(yù)noise 噪聲random noise 無規(guī)

10、噪聲white noise白噪聲pink noise粉紅噪聲characteristic impedance 特性阻抗 radiation impedance 輻射阻抗pitch interval音程pitch 音調(diào)musical quality 音色loudness 響度equal loudness contour等響曲線crest factor 峰值因數(shù)sound quality 音質(zhì)sound ray 聲線geometrical acoustics 幾何聲學(xué)direct sound直達(dá)聲statistical acoustics統(tǒng)計聲學(xué)sound field 聲場free sound f

11、ield自由場diffuse field擴(kuò)散場near field近場far field 遠(yuǎn)場diffuse distance擴(kuò)散距離mean free path平均自由程acoustic energy ratio聲能比sound energy density聲能密度sound energy flux聲能通量impulsive sound脈沖聲room constant房間常數(shù)acoustical design音質(zhì)設(shè)計acoustical criteria音質(zhì)評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)reverberation混響reverberation time混響時間optimum reverberation time

12、最正確混響時間decay rate 衰變率 articulation 清晰度 fullness 飽滿度 directivity factor 指向性因數(shù) Hass effect 哈斯效應(yīng) early reflection 早期反射聲 lateral refraction 側(cè)向反射聲 multiple echo 多重回聲 flutter echo 顫抖回聲 sound focus 聲聚焦 impulsive response 脈沖響應(yīng) acoustical feedback 聲反應(yīng) acoustical coupling 聲耦合 diffuser 擴(kuò)散體 diffuser 格片 diffuser

13、 散流器 artificial reverberation 人工混響 sound image 聲像 virtual sound source 虛聲源 stereophonic system 立體聲系統(tǒng)Sabine coefficient 賽賓吸聲系數(shù) coloration 染色效應(yīng)sound absorption 吸聲acoustical reflectivity 聲反射系數(shù)sound absorption material 吸聲材料sound absorption coefficient 吸聲系數(shù)normal incidence absorption coefficient 法向入射吸聲系數(shù)

14、 random incidence absorption coefficient 隨機(jī)入射吸聲系數(shù) equivalent absorption area 等效吸聲面積room absorption 房間吸聲量noise reduction coefficient, NRC 降噪系數(shù)sound absorption reduction 吸聲降噪porous absorption material 多孔吸聲材料sound absorption construction 吸聲結(jié)構(gòu)resonance absorption 共振吸收Helmholtz resonator 亥姆霍茲共振器microperf

15、orated absorber 微穿孔吸聲結(jié)構(gòu)perforated percentage 穿孔率suspended absorber 空間吸聲體effective flow resistance 有效流阻electronic absorber 電子吸聲器wedge absorber 吸聲尖劈edge effect 邊緣效應(yīng)structure factor 結(jié)構(gòu)因數(shù) noise control噪聲控制 noise reduction 噪聲降低background noise 背景噪聲A weighted sound pressure level A 計權(quán)聲級 equivalent continu

16、ous A sound level 等效連續(xù) A 聲級 cumulative statistical sound level 累計統(tǒng)計聲級 dtiY liiKht cquivLilcnL snmiil level 晝夜等效聲級 noisiness 噪度effective perceived noise level 有效感覺噪聲級 speech interference level 語言干擾級ambient noise環(huán)境噪聲noise rating contour, NR contour 噪聲評價曲線noise rating number 噪聲評價數(shù)noise pollution level

17、噪聲污染級noise impact噪聲沖擊permitted noise level in room 室內(nèi)允許噪聲級natural attenuation 自然衰減muffler消聲器duct attenuation 管道消聲jet noise噴注噪聲silence pit 消聲坑lined elbow消聲彎頭uni nlV ircqucnuy 截止頻率antisound 反聲acoustical hologram 聲全息圖regenerated noise再生噪聲sonic boom 廢聲 hearing loss聽力損失auditory fatigue聽覺疲勞audiometric zer

18、o level聽力零級random vibration隨機(jī)振動vibration isolation隔振vibration pickup拾振器transmissibility傳遞比dynamic vibration absorber動力吸振器equal vibration feeling contour振動等響曲線static deflection靜態(tài)壓縮量internal damping內(nèi)阻尼damping ratio阻尼比airborne sound空氣聲solidborne sound固體聲sound transmission coefficient 透射系數(shù)insertion loss

19、 插入損失sound insulation factor隔聲量sound transmission class, STC 透射等級coincidence effect 吻合效應(yīng)flanking sound transmission 側(cè)向傳聲sound bridge聲橋sound lock 聲鎖sound insulation enclosure 隔聲罩noise barrier 隔聲屏障sound insulation curtain 隔聲幕sound shadow聲影區(qū)active sound reduction 有源減噪reference sound source標(biāo)準(zhǔn)噪聲源tapping

20、machine 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)撞擊器acoustical lens聲透鏡末端反射損失end reflection loss lumen 流 明符號 lmcandela 坎德拉 符號 cdlux 勒克斯 符號 lxvision 視覺 photopic vision 明視覺 scotopic vision 暗視覺 mesopic vision 中間視覺 visual acuity 視力 visual performance 視覺成效 lightness adaptation 明適應(yīng) darkness adaptation 暗適應(yīng) hue 色調(diào) chroma 彩度 color appearance 色表 co

21、lor rendering 顯色性 color temperature 色溫 glare 眩光 veiling reflection 光幕反射 luminance contrast 亮度比照 visual environment 視覺環(huán)境visual task 視覺作業(yè) visual display 視覺顯示work plane 工作面illumination meter, luxmeter 照度計 luminance meter 亮度計 goniophotometer 光強(qiáng)分布測定儀 integrating sphere 積分球 colorimeter 色度計 photocell 光電池 spectral luminous efficiency 光譜光視效率 daylighting 采光 sunlight 直射光 sky