高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)精品課件系列之代詞

1、 代代 詞詞I. 代詞的分類(lèi)n人稱(chēng)代詞 I , he, she,it.you,they,wen及8個(gè)賓格代詞（押韻記憶） n 疑問(wèn)代詞 who whom whatn物主代詞 my 、your、hers n 關(guān)系代詞 which 、that、whon反身代詞 myself、yourselves n連接代詞 who、which、whatn相互代詞 each other、one another n不定代詞 one、each、another、neithern指示代詞 this、that、those、these II. 人稱(chēng)代詞的用法n1) 作主語(yǔ)，用主格。作賓語(yǔ)用賓格。She teaches us E

2、nglish.n2)在句中作表語(yǔ)，常用賓格。Who is it? Its me. 但有時(shí)用主格。 If I were she, I wouldt go there. It was I who told him about it.n3)并列人稱(chēng)代詞的順序。單數(shù)：2,3.1. 復(fù)數(shù)：1,2,3III.反身代詞n1)作賓語(yǔ)。I teach myself mathematics. She is looking at herself in the mirror.n2) 作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。 a. 表示“對(duì)比”，“自己” She loves me for myself, not for my money. b.

3、）介詞oneself 的常見(jiàn)用語(yǔ)。 to oneself(對(duì)自己），for oneself（親自，獨(dú)自；為了自己），of oneself（自己的） ，between oneselves（秘密地）， in oneself（本來(lái), 本身） ，by oneself（單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)立地） n3)作同位語(yǔ)，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。 You yourself told me the story.Exercise onen1.Yours is not a bad idea _.n2. Laura is not quite _ today.n3. I have the room _ .n4. You can call on

4、me. I am _ today.n5. What I said just now is only _.n6. If you dont believe me, you can go and see _.n7. I dont know when the door closed _.IV. 指示代詞的用法n1).時(shí)空的差別 eg. There is this seat here,near me,or there is that one in the fourth row. Which will you have,this or that？n2). This 和 that 在行文敘述上的差別。Eg.

5、 I shall say this to you: he is a poor man. He was ill. Thats why he didnt come.3).that 和 those 用于表比較的結(jié)構(gòu)。 The weather of Beijing is just as good as that of Tianjin. TV sets made in Nanjing are better than those made here.4). 打電話時(shí)this 表示我,that表示你. 不定代詞不定代詞含義含義數(shù)量數(shù)量關(guān)系關(guān)系作定語(yǔ)時(shí)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)名詞的數(shù)名詞的數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)b

6、oth兩者都兩者都=2復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)either兩者中的任何兩者中的任何一個(gè)一個(gè)=2單數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)neither兩者都不兩者都不=2單數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)all三者或三者以三者或三者以上都上都3單數(shù)或復(fù)單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)單數(shù)或復(fù)單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)none三者或三者以三者或三者以上都不上都不3單數(shù)或復(fù)單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)each每一個(gè)每一個(gè)2單數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)every每一個(gè)每一個(gè)3單數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù) both為為“ “兩者都兩者都” ”，neither為為“ “兩者都不兩者都不” ”，either為為“ “兩者之一兩者之一” ”。這。這三個(gè)單詞都用于指兩個(gè)人或物，在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。三個(gè)單詞都用于指兩個(gè)人或物，

7、在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。1) Both (of them) enjoyed the rice. 他們兩人喜歡吃米飯。他們兩人喜歡吃米飯。2) Neither (of us) is a doctor. 我們倆都不是醫(yī)生。我們倆都不是醫(yī)生。3) Either (of you) will go. 隨你們哪個(gè)去都可以。隨你們哪個(gè)去都可以。 1) Both Zhang Huas father and mother worker work in a hospital, but neither one is a doctor. 張華的父母親在一所醫(yī)院工作，但都不張華的父母親在一所醫(yī)院工作，但都不是醫(yī)生。

8、是醫(yī)生。2) You may take either apple. 兩個(gè)蘋(píng)果任你拿一個(gè)。兩個(gè)蘋(píng)果任你拿一個(gè)。1) I like both of the toys very much. 我非常喜歡這兩件玩具。我非常喜歡這兩件玩具。2) The boy could find neither of them and went away. 這男孩找不到這男孩找不到他們倆就走開(kāi)了。他們倆就走開(kāi)了。，它們句中的位置是在動(dòng)詞，它們句中的位置是在動(dòng)詞be，助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)，助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的后面，但在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前面。詞的后面，但在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前面。1) They are both in good health. 他們

9、兩人身體都很好。他們兩人身體都很好。2) They will both go there. 他們兩人都收到那兒去。他們兩人都收到那兒去。3) They both agreed to take part in the birthday party. 他們兩人都他們兩人都答應(yīng)參加生日晚會(huì)。答應(yīng)參加生日晚會(huì)。 此外，此外，either 可作副詞用于否定句，表示可作副詞用于否定句，表示 “ “也也” ”，相當(dāng)于肯定句，相當(dāng)于肯定句中的中的 “ “too”。 This is not mine. That is not, either. 這不是我的，那也不是。這不是我的，那也不是。 neither 表示表

10、示“ “也不也不” ”的時(shí)候，常用在倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)形式中：的時(shí)候，常用在倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)形式中： I dont like to play football. Neither does he. 我不喜歡踢足球，他我不喜歡踢足球，他也不喜歡。也不喜歡。 She hasnt got a bike. Neither have I. 他沒(méi)自行車(chē)，我也沒(méi)有。他沒(méi)自行車(chē)，我也沒(méi)有。 1) Both Zhang and Wang are good students. 張、王都是好學(xué)生。張、王都是好學(xué)生。 2) Either you or he is right. 不是你就是他對(duì)的。不是你就是他對(duì)的。 3) Neithe

11、r he nor i am a scientist. 他和我都不是科學(xué)家。他和我都不是科學(xué)家。 1. one 常用來(lái)作代詞，替代前文所出現(xiàn)的可數(shù)名詞，表示人或物，常用來(lái)作代詞，替代前文所出現(xiàn)的可數(shù)名詞，表示人或物，以避免重復(fù)。例如：以避免重復(fù)。例如： I havent got a ball pen. Ill have to buy one. (= a ball pen) 我沒(méi)圓珠我沒(méi)圓珠筆，我得去買(mǎi)一支。筆，我得去買(mǎi)一支。 He is one to think more of others. 他是個(gè)能多為別人著想的人。他是個(gè)能多為別人著想的人。2. the other, another 都可解

12、釋為都可解釋為 “ “另一個(gè)另一個(gè)” ”。other 加上定冠詞用于兩加上定冠詞用于兩者中的另一個(gè)，者中的另一個(gè)，another 指三者以上中的另一個(gè)。例如：指三者以上中的另一個(gè)。例如： He was two brothers. One is a doctor, the other is a teacher. Weve received two parcels, one from my uncle, the other from my aunt. I dont like this one, show me another, please. Ive just bought three thing

13、s. One is a walkman, another is a pocket calculator, the third is a video game.3. another 還有還有 “ “再再” 的意思，例如：的意思，例如： Have another cup of coffee, please. 再喝一杯咖啡吧！再喝一杯咖啡吧！ She could have to stay here for another week. 他將在這里再待一個(gè)他將在這里再待一個(gè)星期。星期。4. other 有有 “ “另外另外” ” 的含義。例如：的含義。例如： Where are the other st

14、udents? 其他學(xué)生在哪里？其他學(xué)生在哪里？ The boy is much cleverer than the other two. 這孩子比另兩個(gè)更聰這孩子比另兩個(gè)更聰明。明。5. others 和和 the others 表示復(fù)數(shù)的泛指和特指。例如：表示復(fù)數(shù)的泛指和特指。例如： In the park some are playing games. Others are walking near the river. I have five colour pencils. One is red, another is blue and the others are green.6.

15、the rest 也可作也可作 “ “其余的其余的” ” 解釋。它用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單解釋。它用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。例如：復(fù)數(shù)。例如： The rest of his life was spent in America. 他的余生是在美國(guó)度過(guò)的。他的余生是在美國(guó)度過(guò)的。 He has eight books. Two are in English. The rest are in Chinese. 他他有幾本書(shū)，兩本是英文，其余的是中文。有幾本書(shū)，兩本是英文，其余的是中文。 1. little 與與 a little 兩者都用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞，兩者都用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞，litt

16、le 作作 “ “很少很少” ”，“ “幾幾乎沒(méi)有乎沒(méi)有” ” 解，有否定的意思，解，有否定的意思，a little 作作 “ “少許少許” ”、“ “有一點(diǎn)有一點(diǎn)” ” 解，有肯解，有肯定的意思，例如：定的意思，例如： In this way they can make the trip with just a little money. 用這種用這種方法他們只花很少的錢(qián)就能旅行。方法他們只花很少的錢(qián)就能旅行。 There is little left, is there? 沒(méi)剩多少了，是嗎？沒(méi)剩多少了，是嗎？2. few, a few 用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞，前者表示否定，后者表示肯定。用來(lái)修飾

17、可數(shù)名詞，前者表示否定，后者表示肯定。 A few of us speak English well. 我們中有幾個(gè)人英語(yǔ)講得很好。我們中有幾個(gè)人英語(yǔ)講得很好。 There were few eggs is the fridge, so he went to the supermarket and bought some. 冰箱里幾乎沒(méi)雞蛋了，所以他去超市買(mǎi)了一些。冰箱里幾乎沒(méi)雞蛋了，所以他去超市買(mǎi)了一些。3. few 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用復(fù)數(shù)，例如：作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用復(fù)數(shù)，例如： Few men know this, do they?4. 常用詞組有常用詞組有 quite a few

18、(好幾個(gè)好幾個(gè))，only a few (只有一個(gè)只有一個(gè))，a very few (極少數(shù)極少數(shù))。例如：。例如： He studied Chinese for quite a few years. 他學(xué)漢語(yǔ)已有好幾年了。他學(xué)漢語(yǔ)已有好幾年了。 (一些，某個(gè)一些，某個(gè)) 句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等，常用于肯定句。句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等，常用于肯定句。作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，它可修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，可數(shù)名詞是單數(shù)時(shí)，作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，它可修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，可數(shù)名詞是單數(shù)時(shí)，some 表示表示 “ “某個(gè)某個(gè)” ” 的意思。例如：的意思。例如： There are some newspapers o

19、n the table. I am going to buy some orange juice. Have you any questions? Yes, I have some. I have read that in some magazine. 當(dāng)說(shuō)活者表示提議、請(qǐng)求或期望得到肯定回答時(shí)，在疑問(wèn)句中當(dāng)說(shuō)活者表示提議、請(qǐng)求或期望得到肯定回答時(shí)，在疑問(wèn)句中也可用也可用 some。例如：。例如： Would you like some tea? Could you lend me some money? “一些一些” ” 用法相同于用法相同于 some, 但多用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句或條件從句。但

20、多用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句或條件從句。例如：例如： Is there any ink in your pen? Put up your hands if you have any questions.1. any 用于肯定句中有用于肯定句中有 “ “任何一個(gè)任何一個(gè)” ” 解。常用于比較級(jí)句子中。解。常用于比較級(jí)句子中。 Tom runs faster than any other boy in his class. Tom runs faster than any of the other boys in his class. 2. some, any, every, no 可以與可以與 body

21、, thing, one 構(gòu)成合成代詞，這些構(gòu)成合成代詞，這些代詞都作單數(shù)看待，表示人或物：代詞都作單數(shù)看待，表示人或物： Something is wrong with my bike. Something is asking to see you. Nobody is absent. If you want anything, call me. (沒(méi)有一個(gè)，全不，都不沒(méi)有一個(gè)，全不，都不) 是名詞性的不定代詞，可作主語(yǔ)和賓是名詞性的不定代詞，可作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，常和語(yǔ)，常和 of 短語(yǔ)連用，不以作定語(yǔ)。短語(yǔ)連用，不以作定語(yǔ)。none 作主語(yǔ)代替不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)代替不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。

22、代替可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單、復(fù)數(shù)均可。例時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。代替可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單、復(fù)數(shù)均可。例如：如： None of us is / are from Beijing. None of the money is mine. We all made mistakes. None of us was correct. 是形容詞性的不定代詞，只能用作定語(yǔ)，可修飾可數(shù)和不可數(shù)是形容詞性的不定代詞，只能用作定語(yǔ)，可修飾可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞。名詞。no 等于等于 not a 或或 not any 加上名詞。例如：加上名詞。例如： I have no money. I have not any money.

23、no one 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于 nobody，意為沒(méi)有人，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。，意為沒(méi)有人，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。each (每個(gè)，各自的每個(gè)，各自的) 強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)。every (每個(gè)，一切的每個(gè)，一切的) 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于all，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，只能作定語(yǔ)。，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，只能作定語(yǔ)。 Each boy has a dictionary. 每個(gè)孩子都有一本詞典。每個(gè)孩子都有一本詞典。 Every boy has a dictionary. 所有的孩子都有一本詞典。所有的孩子都有一本詞典。注意：注意： every 構(gòu)成的常用詞組構(gòu)成的常用詞組every othe

24、r day 每隔一天每隔一天 / every other five days 每隔五天每隔五天every other line 每隔一行每隔一行 / every five days 每五天每五天many 修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，much 修飾不可數(shù)名詞，修飾不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，它們可用在肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，還可在肯定謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，它們可用在肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，還可在肯定句中作主語(yǔ)或修飾主語(yǔ)。例如：句中作主語(yǔ)或修飾主語(yǔ)。例如： So much for today. There are many buses and cars in the st

25、reet.many 已被已被 a lot of, a large number of, a great many 所代替。所代替。much 已被已被 a lot of, plenty of, a good deal of, a great (large) quantity of 所代替。所代替。 但但 a lot of / lots of 只能用于肯定句。只能用于肯定句。 1. _ of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret. A. Each B. Any C. No one D. None2.We couldnt eat

26、in a restaurant because _ of us had _ money on us. A. all ; no B. any ; no C. none ; any D. no one ; any3.There is a tree on _ side of the street. A. every B. all C. either D. both4.There is a desk on _ side of the room. A. both B. either C. all D. every5. Which side can I sit on the boat? If you si

27、t still, you can sit on _. A. every side B. all sides C. both sides D. either side6.It is said that _ of his parents have gone to Beijing. A. all B. every C. both D. either7.Some students are absent-minded, _ of them heard what the teacher said. A. all B. none C. every D. not all8. Is _ here? No, Bo

28、b and Tim have asked for leave. A. anybody B. somebody C. everybody D. nobody9.They were all very tired, but _ of them would stop to take a rest. A. any B. some C. none D. neither10. Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? Im afraid _ day is possible. A. either B. neither C. some D. any11. If you want to

29、 change for a double room youll have to pay _ 5. A. another B. other C. more D. each12. Which of the two books do you want? I want _. Please show me _. A. none ; another B. all ; the other C. neither ; the other D. neither ; another13._ side of the street is lined with different shops, _ of which sell electronic products. A. Both ; both B. Either ; all C. Neither ; either D. Either ; both14. Do you need anything else? Yes, we still need _ aircrafts. A. more two B. two more C. other two p