新概念英語第三冊第4課

1、NEW CONCEPT ENGLISHBOOK 3The double life of Alfred BloggsLesson 4Summary writing of L3lArchaeologists found a clay fragments in an ancient temple. These represented the fifteen statues of goddess which had once been painted. The body of one statue was found among remains from the fifteenth century B

2、.C. While its head was found among remains from the fifth century B.C. . When the fragments were reconstructed, they turned out to be New words：lmanual adj. 體力的，手工的體力的，手工的(=physical 身體的）；身體的）；n. 手冊，指南手冊，指南lmanual work; mental(精神的，思想的） work ; lmanual labour 體力勞動lmanual worker; manual labourer; lmanua

3、l craft（技術(shù)，手藝） 手工藝；lmanual training 手工課；ltraining manual 訓(xùn)練手冊lcollar n. 衣領(lǐng)；環(huán)狀物；衣領(lǐng)；環(huán)狀物；v. 揪衣領(lǐng)揪衣領(lǐng)lwhite/blue-collar白領(lǐng)的；藍(lán)領(lǐng)的lgolden-collar 金領(lǐng)的；pink-collar 粉領(lǐng)的（常指職業(yè)女性）lget hot under the collar 怒氣沖天lEg. He got hot under the collar when he knew that they laughed at him. lsacrifice vt.犧牲，獻(xiàn)出犧牲，獻(xiàn)出 （to give up

4、 for good purpose）l- sacrifice ones life for the countryl- sacrifice timeleg. A fireman sacrificed his life to save the kid from the fire. sacrifice sth. for. sth. / sacrifice sth. To do sth. at/by the sacrifice of 以為代價(jià)sacrifice n.犧牲（品），獻(xiàn)身，供品lprivilege n.好處；好處；v. 給予給予特權(quán)；特免特權(quán)；特免l（= advantage n.優(yōu)勢, 有利

5、條件, 利益）lsacrifice ones advantage/privilege 犧牲掉某人的好處enjoy privileges 享有特權(quán)privilege sb. from sth. 特免某人 lprivilege n.特權(quán)特權(quán), 特別待遇；免責(zé)特權(quán)特別待遇；免責(zé)特權(quán)（= special right）l-give/grant sb. the privilege of doing sth 特許某人做某事lprivileged a.榮幸的l- We are privileged to be together with professor Smith this evening.ldustma

6、n n.清潔工清潔工garbage man; garbage collector; trash man; 清潔工；清潔工；cleaner 保潔員保潔員trashcan (AmE.) 垃圾筒；垃圾筒；dustbin (BrE.)垃圾筒垃圾筒lcorporation n.公司，社團(tuán)，團(tuán)體公司，社團(tuán)，團(tuán)體作有限公司解時(shí)，美國人多用作有限公司解時(shí)，美國人多用corporation, 英語人多用英語人多用companyfirm 公司公司 （較廣泛，統(tǒng)稱）（較廣泛，統(tǒng)稱）group 集團(tuán)公司集團(tuán)公司 listed company 股票上市公司股票上市公司government-owned enterpris

7、e 國有企業(yè)國有企業(yè)loveralls n.工作服工作服working clothes; sports wear 運(yùn)動服；運(yùn)動服；nighty 睡衣睡衣boiler（鍋爐，熱水器（鍋爐，熱水器)suit 連體工作服連體工作服lshower n.淋??；陣雨；（一）陣，（一）批）淋?。魂囉?；（一）陣，（一）批）a shower of 一陣一陣, 大量大量 a shower of criticism / arrows be showered with 被大量給予被大量給予Eg. She will always be showered with love, affection and adoratio

8、n. 她一定她一定會沐浴在愛、親情和贊美之中。會沐浴在愛、親情和贊美之中。secret n.秘密秘密 adj.秘密的秘密的, 隱秘的隱秘的confidential adj.機(jī)密的機(jī)密的keep a / ones secret 保密- Its between you and me. 此事只介于你我之間。- Ill keep it to myself. 我會保守秘密的。in secret 私下里（= secretly, in private, privately） - I was told about it in secret.in the secret 知道內(nèi)情 - He was in the

9、secret from the beginningmake no secret of 不隱瞞 status n.地位（= social position）statue n.雕像, 塑像 the Statue of Liberty A high / low status in society 高/低的社會地位Employment status就業(yè)狀況；marital status 婚姻狀況A high status businessman 有地位的商人lText 課文課文lWhy did Alf want a white-collar job?lThe double life of Alfred

10、 Bloggsdouble character 雙重性格 double chin雙下巴These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in offices.lthese days “目前，當(dāng)前，如今”；類似的還有：lat present，at the present time, currently, nowadays,lfor the time being 眼下 for the moment 暫時(shí)，目前l(fā)for more money（far副詞用來加強(qiáng)語氣= much

11、）lPeople who work in offices are frequently referred to as white-collar workers for thesimple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.lrefer to.as = regard.as “把.叫作；把看作”eg. We always refer to the teacher as a gardener.for the simple reason = for 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句lfor the reason that多用于正

12、式文體，l- He is refer to as a bookworm(書呆子） for the simple reason that he spares no efforts to read.l- He was send to prison for he could not pay his debts.lA collar and tie （看成一套東西）“穿著襯衣，打著領(lǐng)帶” a knife and fork; a cup and saucer一套杯碟; a cart and horse 馬車; bread and butter 生計(jì)lSuch is human nature, that a

13、 great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.lhuman nature 人性lsuch.that. （that引導(dǎo)同位語從句, 進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說明such的基本內(nèi)涵）lEg. His kindness was such that we will never forget him.= Such was his kindness that （such在句首要倒裝）Such is human nature that every

14、body tries to earns more and work less.If such is the case, we need not to go there. lbe willing to do sth. 樂于做，愿意做be glad to do/ be pleased to do / be ready to doa great / good many “許多”many a + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) （謂語動詞為單數(shù)）lThis can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who wo

15、rked asa dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.lgive rise to 導(dǎo)致, 引起l- Such conduct might give rise to misunderstandings. 這種行為會引起誤解。l- The bad conditions have given rise to a lot of crimes. 不良的環(huán)境引起了犯罪。- The governments economic policy gave rise to increased unemployment, though it is true that it pro

16、duced a favorable balance of payments in the countrys international trade.誠然，政府的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策對于對外貿(mào)易的收支平衡有好處，但它使得失業(yè)率上升。lead to + n. 造成，導(dǎo)致；His careless led to his failure.bring about 引起，造成，實(shí)現(xiàn) The Second World War was brought about by Hitlers invasion of Poland.result in 引起，導(dǎo)致，致使l The flood resulted in a consid

17、erable reduction in production. 這次水災(zāi)造成相當(dāng)大的減產(chǎn)。 lin the case of 就.來說, 關(guān)于, 就.而言 l- Stealing is no shame in the case of him. 偷竊對他來說不是一件可恥的事。l-Poverty depresses most people; in the case of my father it was otherwise(另外的，不同的）lconcerning prep.關(guān)于, 涉及, 就.說lLet me see all the official documents concerning the

18、 sale of this land. 讓我看看買賣這塊土地的所有官方文件。 lin case of（副詞）萬一, 以防 lin case conj. 萬一l- You should ensure your house in case of fire. （vt.保證; 擔(dān)保, 保險(xiǎn)）l- Take an umbrella in case of rain 帶上雨傘以防下雨。l- The meeting will be put off, in case it rains. l- It may rain; youd better take an umbrella just in case. (“以防

19、萬一”）in this/that case “如果這樣/那樣的話”- In that case, I prefer to stay on the bus.lWhen he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job.lbe ashamed of “感到羞愧, 慚愧”l- Alf was ashamed of his job as a dustman.lmarry sb. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動作 l- He married the girl. 他娶了這個(gè)女孩。）lget married (to s

20、b.)強(qiáng)調(diào)過程l- Last year they got married.lbe married to sb 強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)l-The old man has been married to his wife for 50 years.ltoo embarrassed to say 太尷尬而沒有說明lTooto-One is never too old to learn. too eager / anxious / ready to do sth.“非常想做，急于做，時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備做”- Im just too eager to help you.-Youre too ready to find faul

21、ts with other people. 你太愛找別人茬兒了。too前有only, all, but, really修飾時(shí)，亦表示肯定。-Im only too pleased to study further abroad.-Thats only too true, Im afraid. (really true)tooto有兩種否定形式，注意辨別。toonot to“很/非常不會不/一定能”not/never tooto“不太（所以）能”-He is too wise not to solve the problem.他非常聰明一定能解決問題。-It is never too late

22、to mend. 改過不嫌晚。lHe simply told her that he worked for the Corporation.lSimply 副詞-用來修飾限定動詞toldlEvery morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit.ldressed in a smart black suit -形容詞短語表示一種狀態(tài) l- He go to work dressed in a beautiful coat. l- He left home wearing a smart black suit. lHe then chang

23、ed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman.lchanged into 換上 / change back into 換回 lBefore returning home at night. He took a shower and changed back into his suit.lBefore returning home = Before he returned homelBefore和動名詞搭配, 相當(dāng)于Before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。l如果運(yùn)用動名詞形式，動名詞的邏輯主語必須是主句的主語l- After g

24、etting home, he had a good rest.l- Before having dinner, he finished all his homework.lAlf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept lhis secret. Alfs wife has never discovered that she marriedl a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found lanother job. He will soon be working

25、in an office.lshe never will = she will never discover the secretl在省略句式中, never要放在助動詞之前l(fā)- “will you go to see her?”l- “I will never go to see her = No, I never will.lHe will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money.lhalf as much

26、 as, half / a quarter / twice / three times + as.as. 表示倍數(shù)l- I wont marry a man who is twice as old as me.l- We got three times as many people as we expected.l- This room is about three times as large as that one.lWhat he obtained is well worth the loss of time. 他的所得是值得花時(shí)間的。lwell 副詞用來加強(qiáng)語氣, 修飾形容詞worth

27、l英語中表示倍數(shù)的常用句式：英語中表示倍數(shù)的常用句式：l1. “A + 倍數(shù)倍數(shù) + adj./adv.比較級比較級 + than B ” 表示表示“A比比B大，長多少倍大，長多少倍”l-this rope is twice longer than that one.l-The hall is five times larger than our classroom. l2. “A + 倍數(shù)倍數(shù) + as + adj./adv.原級原級 + as B ” 表示表示“A是是B的多少倍。的多少倍?！眑-Asia is four times as large as Europe.l-This TV

28、costs twice as much as that one. l3. A + 倍數(shù)倍數(shù) + the height / size / length, etc. + of + B” 表示表示“ A是是B高度、大小、長度高度、大小、長度的多少倍。的多少倍。”l-The big box is five times the weight of the small one. lWorth, worthy, worth-whilelbe worth + n. = be worthy of + n. l-The matter is worth consideration.l(=The matter is

29、worthy of consideration.)lbe worth doing = be worthy of being donel=be worthy to be donel-The matter is worth considering.l=The matter is worthy of being considered.l=The matter is worthy to be considered. lbe worth-while to dolIt is worthwhile (for sb.) to do. Sth.lIt is worthwhile doing sth. l-It

30、is worthwhile considering/to consider the matter.l-It isnt worthwhile spending so much time on minor problems.在枝節(jié)問題上犯不上花這么多時(shí)間。lMultiple choice questions 多項(xiàng)選擇多項(xiàng)選擇l1. A illustrate vt.闡明, 闡述l“.a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming lwhite-collar work

31、erl2. C double lifel3. D .he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of moneylprevious adj.在前的, 早先的lrespect n.某方面 vt.尊敬, 尊重l4. B to go 可以省略lThey usually go to work wearing a collar and tie.l5. D Alfred was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job.ltoo.to（不定式to表示否定）lso.t

32、hat（在that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中, 如果采用否定式，可以和too.to 互換）l- The water is too hot for us to drink. = he water is so hot that we cant drink.l6. C He simply told her that he worker of the Corporationlsimply副詞（僅僅是, 再沒有別的了= only, just）l無論是simply, only還是just，往往用在所修飾的主體詞之前。l- I did it simply/only for the moneyl- I dont like driving. I do