2017年11月CATTI二級(jí)筆譯真題.doc

1、2017年11月CATTI英語(yǔ)二級(jí)筆譯真題及參考譯文(2017-11-08 20:05:12)轉(zhuǎn)載標(biāo)簽： 英語(yǔ)翻譯英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)2017年11月CATTI英語(yǔ)二級(jí)筆譯真題及參考譯文EC Passage 1You ve temporarily misplaced your cell phone and anxiously retrace your steps to try to find it. Or perhaps you never let go of your phone its always in your hand, your pocket, or your bag, ready to be

2、 answered or consulted at a moment s notice. When your battery life runs down at the end of the day, you feel that yours is running low as well. New research shows that there s a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence: According to the attachment theory, for some of us, our phone ser

3、ves the same function as the teddy bear we clung to in childhood.你有過(guò)這種經(jīng)歷嗎？手機(jī)一時(shí)放錯(cuò)了地方，忘了在哪，急急忙忙返回尋找；手機(jī)從不離身，總是握在手里，揣在兜里或者放在包里，時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備回復(fù)消息，查找內(nèi)容。一整天過(guò)去了，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)手機(jī)沒電，簡(jiǎn)直覺得自己也要沒電了。最新研究揭示了極端 “手機(jī)依賴癥”背后的心理動(dòng)因：根據(jù)依戀理論，手機(jī)簡(jiǎn)直成了我們大多數(shù)人小時(shí)候戀戀不舍的泰迪熊。Attachment theory proposes that our early life experiences with parents respons

4、ible for our well-being, are at the root of our connections to the adults with whom we form close relationships. Importantly, attachment in early life can extend to inanimate objects. Teddy bears, for example, serve as “ transitional objects. ” The teddy bear, unlike the parent, is always there. We

5、extend our dependence on parents to these animals, and use them to help us move to an independent sense of self.依戀理論認(rèn)為，兒童自幼是否在父母的呵護(hù)下健康成長(zhǎng)，這種相處體驗(yàn)構(gòu)成了其日后與其他成年人建立親密關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)。更為重要的是，幼年的依戀心理，還可能轉(zhuǎn)移到物體上去，泰迪熊就是一個(gè)典型例子。泰迪熊與父母的區(qū)別在于，它會(huì)一直在陪你身邊。兒童把對(duì)父母的依賴心理延伸到毛絨玩具身上，由此建立起自我獨(dú)立意識(shí)。A cell phone has the potential to be a “ c

6、ompensatory attachment ” object. Although phones are often castigated for their addictive potential, scientists cite evidence that supports the idea that “ healthy, normal adults also report significant emotional attachment to special objects ”手機(jī)也可能成為這種 “依戀替代品”。盡管手機(jī)經(jīng)常因?yàn)橹氯松习a而備受詬病，科學(xué)家還是援引了相關(guān)證據(jù)來(lái)支持這樣一種觀

7、點(diǎn)： “身心健康的正常成年人也會(huì)對(duì)特殊物品產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的 情感依戀”。Indeed, cell phones have become a pervasive feature of our lives: The number of cell phone subscriptions exceeds the total population of the planet. The average amount of mobile or smartphone use in the U.S. is 3.3 hours per day. Phones have distinct advantages. They

8、 can be kept by your side and they provide a social connection to the people you care about. Even if you re not talking to your friends, lover, or family, you can keep their photos close by, read their messages, and follow them on social media. You can track them in real time but also look back on m

9、emorable moments together. These channels help you “ feel less alone” .毫無(wú)疑問，手機(jī)在生活中無(wú)處不在：全球手機(jī)用戶數(shù)量已超過(guò)全球總?cè)丝?。美?guó)人平均每天使用移動(dòng)電話或智能手機(jī)的時(shí)間為3.3 小時(shí)。手機(jī)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)顯而易見：可以隨身攜帶，還能方便與自己關(guān)心的人保持聯(lián)系。就算無(wú)法與朋友、戀人、家人直接通話，至少手機(jī)里的照片、短信能讓你覺得他們近在咫尺。你也可以關(guān)注他們的社交媒體賬號(hào)，不僅能實(shí)時(shí)了解其狀態(tài)，還能回顧過(guò)去與之相處的難忘瞬間。所有這些，都足以讓你“不那么孤單”。EC Passage 2Many countries have

10、adopted the principle of sustainable development it can combat environment deterioration in air quality, water quality and production in developing countries. Health education serves as a viable role for every member in the world. But some argue that its a vague idea, some organizations may use it i

11、n its own interests, whether environmental or economic is the nature of interests. Others argue that sustainable development in developing countries overlook the local customs, habitude and people.為應(yīng)對(duì)廣大發(fā)展中國(guó)家所面臨的環(huán)境惡化問題，保障空氣質(zhì)量、水質(zhì)和生產(chǎn)安全，許多國(guó)家紛紛制定可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。實(shí)踐證明，衛(wèi)生教育對(duì)推動(dòng)世界各國(guó)的發(fā)展具有切實(shí)可行性。但有人認(rèn)為，可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念不夠明晰，淪為部分組

12、織謀取自身利益的工具，置環(huán)境或經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)面效應(yīng)于不顧。還有人認(rèn)為，發(fā)展中國(guó)家在實(shí)施可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略過(guò)程中，時(shí)常忽略民風(fēng)、 民俗和民生問題。Whereas interdependence is desirable during times of peace, war necessitates competition and independence. Tariffs and importation limits strengthen a countrys economic vitality while potentially weakening the economies of its enemies

13、. Moreover, protectionism in the weapons industry is highly desirable during such circumstances because reliance on another state for armaments can be fatal.在和平年代，各國(guó)之間相互依存、共謀發(fā)展，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期，各國(guó)又相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，追求獨(dú)立。關(guān)稅和進(jìn)口限制政策有助于增強(qiáng)本國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)活力，同時(shí)削弱敵國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)潛力。再者， 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期，武器制造行業(yè)采取保護(hù)主義，可避免對(duì)外過(guò)度依賴，保護(hù)本國(guó)免遭受致命打擊。For the most part, economi

14、sts emphasize the negative effects of protectionism. It reduces international trade and raises prices for consumers. In addition, domestic firms that receive protection have less incentive to innovate. Although free trade puts uncompetitive firms out of business, the displaced workers and resources

15、are ultimately allocated to other areas of the economy.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家多半強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)主義的負(fù)面效應(yīng)，認(rèn)為保護(hù)主義不僅削弱了國(guó)際貿(mào)易，還抬升了消費(fèi)價(jià)格。 不僅如此，在貿(mào)易保護(hù)傘下受到恩蔭的本土企業(yè)往往因此喪失了創(chuàng)新動(dòng)力。在自由貿(mào)易的浪潮下，盡管缺乏競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的公司多以破產(chǎn)收?qǐng)觯虼耸I(yè)的工人和閑置的資源，依然可以在其他經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域找到用武之地。Imposing quotas is a method used to protect trade, since foreign companies cannot ship more products regardl

16、ess of how low they set their prices. Countries that hope to help a new industry thrive locally often impose quotas on imported goods. They believe that such restrictions allow entities in the new industry to develop their own competitive advantages and produce the products efficiently.設(shè)定限額是貿(mào)易保護(hù)方式的一

17、種，在此情況下，不論商品定價(jià)多低，國(guó)外企業(yè)得以進(jìn)駐市場(chǎng)的產(chǎn)品數(shù)量始終有限。各國(guó)通常會(huì)對(duì)進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品采取限額政策，以推動(dòng)本國(guó)新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，此類限制政策有助于新興產(chǎn)業(yè)實(shí)體充分提升自身競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力及商品生產(chǎn)效率。Protectionism s purpose is usually to create jobs for domestic workers. Companies that operate in industries protected by quotas hire workers locally. Another disadvantage of quotas is the reduc

18、tion in the quality of products in the absence of competition from foreign companies. Without competition, local firms are less likely to invest in innovation and improve their products and services. Domestic sellers don t have an incentive to enhance efficiency and lower their prices, and under suc

19、h conditions, consumers eventually pay more for products and services they could receive from foreign competitors. As local companies lose competitiveness, they become pressured to outsource jobs. In the long-run, increasing protectionism commonly leads to layoffs and economic slowdown.貿(mào)易主義政策通常旨在創(chuàng)造本

20、土就業(yè)崗位。受益于限額政策的業(yè)內(nèi)公司通常只雇傭當(dāng)?shù)毓と恕?限額消除了外國(guó)對(duì)手的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力，致使國(guó)內(nèi)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量有所下降，這是限額政策的另一缺點(diǎn)。 缺少競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的刺激，本土企業(yè)往往不再大力投入創(chuàng)新，產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)質(zhì)量也會(huì)大打折扣。國(guó)內(nèi)商家既不注重提升生產(chǎn)效率、也不推出價(jià)格優(yōu)惠措施，久而久之，消費(fèi)者們寧愿花費(fèi)更多錢財(cái)，去購(gòu)買國(guó)外商家更勝一籌的產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)。而本土企業(yè)一旦喪失競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，就不得不外包產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)。從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，保護(hù)主義盛行，通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致企業(yè)裁員，引起經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。CE Passage 1人類在漫長(zhǎng)發(fā)展進(jìn)程中創(chuàng)造了豐富多彩的世界文明，中華文明是世界文明多樣性、多元化的重要組成部分。中醫(yī)藥作為中華文明的杰出代表

21、，是中國(guó)各族人民在幾千年生產(chǎn)生活實(shí)踐和與疾病作斗爭(zhēng)中逐步形成并不斷豐富發(fā)展的醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)，不僅為中華民族繁衍昌盛作出了卓越貢獻(xiàn)，也對(duì)世界文明進(jìn)步產(chǎn)生了積極影響。Humanity has created a colorful global civilization in the long course of its development, and the civilization of China is an important component of the world civilization harboring great diversity.As a representative fea

22、ture of Chinese civilization, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a medical science that was formed and developed in the daily life of the people and in the process of their fight against diseases over thousands of years. It has made a great contribution to the nations procreation and the countrys

23、 prosperity, in addition to producing a positive impact on the progress of human civilization.中醫(yī)藥在歷史發(fā)展進(jìn)程中，兼容并蓄、創(chuàng)新開放，形成了獨(dú)特的生命觀、健康觀、疾病觀、防治觀，實(shí)現(xiàn)了自然科學(xué)與人文科學(xué)的融合和統(tǒng)一，蘊(yùn)含了中華民族深邃的哲學(xué)思想。隨著人們健康觀念變化和醫(yī)學(xué)模式轉(zhuǎn)變，中醫(yī)藥越來(lái)越顯示出獨(dú)特價(jià)值。TCM has created unique views on life, on fitness, on diseases and on the prevention and treatmen

24、t of diseases during its long history of absorption and innovation. It represents a combination of natural sciences and humanities, embracing profound philosophical ideas of the Chinese nation. As ideas on fitness and medical models change and evolve, traditional Chinese medicine has come to underli

25、ne a more and more profound value.新中國(guó)成立以來(lái)，中國(guó)高度重視和大力支持中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展。中醫(yī)藥與西醫(yī)藥優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)，相互促進(jìn)， 共同維護(hù)和增進(jìn)民眾健康，已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)特色醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生與健康事業(yè)的重要特征和顯著優(yōu)勢(shì)。Since the founding of the Peoples Republic of China in 1949, the Chinese government has set great store by TCM and rendered vigorous support to its development. TCM and Western medici

26、ne have their different strengths. They work together in China to protect people from diseases and improve public health. This has turned out to be one of the important features and notable strengths of medicine with Chinese characteristics.CE Passage 2人人有飯吃，是人類最基本的生存權(quán)利，是一切人權(quán)的基礎(chǔ)。全球農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展取得了長(zhǎng)足的進(jìn)步，但饑餓和貧

27、困依然是一種“無(wú)聲的危機(jī)”，是深深困擾全人類的“阿喀琉斯之踵”。目前世界上還有8 億多貧困人口面臨著食物不足、營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良的威脅。促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展，消除饑餓和貧困， 依然是世界面臨的重大挑戰(zhàn)，也是全人類肩負(fù)的共同責(zé)任。國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)當(dāng)攜起手來(lái)，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)合作，更多關(guān)注發(fā)展中國(guó)家、尤其是一些最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的訴求。應(yīng)減少貿(mào)易保護(hù)，加強(qiáng)對(duì)最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)、資金等支持，提高全球農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)水平和糧食安全保障水平。Food for all is, for mankind, the most fundamental right of survival, which serves as the basis for all

28、other human rights. Great progress has been made in the global agricultural development. Yet hunger and poverty have remained a silent crisis. They are like the Achilles heel, deeply troubling all human beings. Over 800 million poor people in the world still face the threat of food shortages and mal

29、nutrition. To promote agricultural development and eradicate hunger and poverty remains a major challenge of the world and a common responsibility of mankind. The international community may join hands to enhance agricultural cooperation and pay greater attention to the calls of developing countries

30、, in particular certain least developed countries (LDCs). Efforts should be made to curb trade protectionism and increase the technical and financial assistance to the agricultural sector of the LDCs so as to raise the global agricultural productivity and increase food security.中國(guó)作為世界上最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，任何時(shí)候都

31、是維護(hù)世界糧食安全的積極力量。盡管中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展面臨不少困難，但我們?nèi)詫⒉恍概?，用行?dòng)來(lái)兌現(xiàn)諾言，主要依靠自己的力量解決好吃飯問題。我們?cè)概c世界各國(guó)攜手奮進(jìn)，共同創(chuàng)造一個(gè)無(wú)饑餓、無(wú)貧困、可持續(xù)發(fā)展的世界。As the largest developing country, China will always be an active force for safeguarding world food security. Although China faces quite a few difficulties ahead in its agricultural development,

32、we will continue to work tirelessly to deliver on our commitment through actions. We will ensure adequate food supply mainly on our own. We are ready to work with countries around the world to create a world of sustainable development that is free from hunger and poverty.（來(lái)源：網(wǎng)絡(luò)）贈(zèng)送以下資料考試知識(shí)點(diǎn)技巧大全一、考試中途

33、應(yīng)飲葡萄糖水大腦是記憶的場(chǎng)所，腦中有數(shù)億個(gè)神經(jīng)細(xì)胞在不停地進(jìn)行著繁重的活 動(dòng)，大腦細(xì)胞活動(dòng)需要大量能量?？茖W(xué)研究證實(shí)，雖然大腦的重量只占 人體重量的2%-3%,但大腦消耗的能量卻占食物所產(chǎn)生的總能量的 20%,它的能量來(lái)源靠葡萄糖氧化過(guò)程產(chǎn)生。據(jù)醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)記載，一個(gè)健康的青少年學(xué)生30分鐘用腦，血糖濃度在120 毫克/100毫升，大腦反應(yīng)快，記憶力強(qiáng)；90分鐘用腦，血糖濃度降至80 毫克/100毫升，大腦功能尚正常；連2120分鐘用腦，血糖濃度降至 60毫克/100毫升，大腦反應(yīng)遲鈍，思維能力較差。我們中考、高考每一科考試時(shí)間都在2小時(shí)或2小時(shí)以上且用腦強(qiáng)度 大，這樣可引起低血糖并造成大腦疲勞，

34、從而影響大腦的正常發(fā)揮， 對(duì)考試成績(jī)產(chǎn)生重大影響。因此建議考生，在用腦60分鐘時(shí)，開始補(bǔ)飲25%濃度的葡萄糖水100毫升左右，為一個(gè)高效果的考試 加 油。二、考場(chǎng)記憶“短路”怎么辦呢？對(duì)于考生來(lái)說(shuō)，掌握有效的應(yīng)試技巧比再做題突擊更為有效。1 .草稿紙也要逐題順序?qū)懖莞逡麧?，草稿紙使用要便于檢查。不要 在一大張紙上亂寫亂畫，東寫一些，西寫一些。打草稿也要像解題一 樣，一題一題順著序號(hào)往下寫。最好在草稿紙題號(hào)前注上符號(hào)，以確 定檢查側(cè)重點(diǎn)。為了便于做完試卷后的復(fù)查，草稿紙一般可以折成4-8塊的小方格， 標(biāo)注題號(hào)以便核查，保留清晰的分析和計(jì)算過(guò)程。2 .答題要按 先易后難 順序不要考慮考試難度與結(jié)果，可以先用 5分 鐘熟悉試卷，合理安排考試進(jìn)度，先易后難