名次性從句和狀語從句講解講義

1、高三英語復(fù)習(xí)系列講座：名詞性從句南航附中張恩懷考綱解讀1掌握名詞性從句的基本知識和分類情況。(1)賓語從句(2)主語從句(3)表語從句(4)同位語從句2、掌握名詞性從句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和各種連詞的用法。(1) 連詞that引導(dǎo)(2) 連接代詞 what、who whom whose、which 以及 whatever 類引導(dǎo)(3) 連接畐U詞 when where、why、how 以及 whenever 類引導(dǎo)(4) 連詞 whether、if 引導(dǎo)3、掌握同位語從句的基本用法及與定語從句的區(qū)別。命題趨勢141、縱觀近5年的高考試題，名詞性從句無疑是考試的一大熱點(diǎn)，其中賓語從句題，主語從句5題，表語

2、從句5題，同位語從句 5題，主要考查其基礎(chǔ)知識的掌握和運(yùn)用。2、試題的設(shè)置既注重引導(dǎo)詞之間的語法功能的不同，又注重語義的差異，增加了試 題的綜合化程度，情景越來越生動(dòng)，題干句越來越復(fù)雜。名詞性從句的基本用法。1、賓語從句I am afraid (that) he will be back on Sun day.I ' II show you whatever you want to see.I don ' t know when the meeting will take place.We haven' t decided whether/if will go or n

3、ot .提醒：(1) that可以省略(2) whether可替換if,但whether or not連用時(shí)不宜用if2、主語從句That she' ll do well in her exam is certa inWhoever did the job must be rewarded.Where we' ll meet isn' t dec ided yet.Whether he' ll come is doubtful .提醒：(1) that不宜省略(2) whether不宜換為if3、表語從句The trouble is that he can &#

4、39; t get here on time .What I want to know is who will come first.That' s why I object to the plan.The problem is whether he ca n complete it.提醒：(1) that不宜省略 (2) whether不宜替換為if(正式文體)4、同位語從句There was little hope that he would survive.I have no idea where they have gone.提醒：（1）常用于 news、fact、idea、h

5、ope、promise、thought、belief、truth 等詞后，強(qiáng)調(diào)該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。（2）常用that引導(dǎo)，that本身無意義，不宜省略。（3）間或也由 when where等其他連詞引導(dǎo)。（4）同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別。the n ews that he succeeded（同）the news （ that/which ） he told me （定）名詞性從句值得注意的幾個(gè)問題：1、it作形式主語或賓語問題。（1） I felt it strangeher hair was turning grey.A while B 、that C 、what D、forwill go

6、with me.C、when D、whereni ght began to fall.、that ; that、that ; whatis none of your bus in ess.、Even D 、Which（2） It is not yet decided A 、 who B 、 whom2、用what還是that問題。made matters worse wasA what ; whatBC what ; thatD3、用whether還是if問題。I ' II tell him the newsA 、Whether B 、If C4、That是否省略問題。she was

7、in vited to the ball made her happy.A、If B 、That C 、不填 D、What5、名詞性從句的時(shí)態(tài)問題（主要指 if、when從句）A if it rains6、C whether it rains D賓語從句與反意疑問句問題。don' t thi nk he is right,A、do I B 、don' t、if it will rain、what' s the weather like7、C 、isn ' 提醒：He doesn ' t think I am right, 名詞性從句與虛擬語氣問題。tD、

8、is hedoes he ?（主要是與suggest, in sistorder , dema nd, request'd like to knowtomorrow.等有關(guān)的從句）he required was that he more time.A、That; would B、That; shouldC What ; would D、What; be given（表明）（堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為）提醒： His look suggested that he was satisfiedHe in sisted that he had bee n there8、doubt與名詞性從句的連詞問題Idon&

9、#39; t doubt she' ll return to China after graduation.A、that B 、when C 、whether D 、if 提醒：I doubt if （whether ） + 從句9、reason后面從句的連詞問題。The reas onhe failed was he was too careless.A because; because B 、why; thatC、that ; because D、because; that提醒：That' s why +表語從句That' s because+ 表語從句10、介詞后

10、面的賓語從句問題。She would tell the story to passed by.A、who B 、whoever C 、whom D 、whomever11、連接詞（when等）+ever與no matter+ 連接詞問題。Do you think is right , other say.A as; what B 、that; whateverC what; whatever D 、no matter what; whatever 提醒:whatever+名從/狀從no matter what+ 狀從12、間隔名詞性從句問題。（1）a terrible storm would

11、take place here.A Word came which B 、Word came thatC Word that came D 、Word which came（2）Those who were left alone in the cave knew better than the otherssounds bats in the dark made.A what frightenedB、how frightenedC what frighteningD、how frightening高三英語復(fù)習(xí)系列講座：狀語從句考綱解讀1、掌握狀語從句的基本知識和分類情況。九種：時(shí)間狀語從句，地

12、點(diǎn)狀語從句，原因狀語從句目的狀語從句，結(jié)果狀語從句，方式狀語從句 條件狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，比較狀語從句2、掌握狀語從句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和各種連詞的用法。3、能夠在真實(shí)復(fù)雜的語句中斷定主句和從句的邏輯關(guān)系從而恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用連詞完成交際。命題趨勢1、 縱觀近5年高考試題，狀語從句是每年高考的必考之題，其中時(shí)間狀語從句11題， 條件狀語從句5題，讓步狀語從句7題，原因狀語從句4題，地點(diǎn)狀語從句3題，目的狀語 從句3題等。2、試題的設(shè)置呈現(xiàn)出交叉和綜合的特點(diǎn)，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中往往給出盡可能多的不同性質(zhì)的連詞，有時(shí)干擾項(xiàng)還從定語從句，名詞性從句等多種從句的角度進(jìn)引干擾，以考查學(xué)生細(xì)致縝密的思維能力和多層次多角度地考慮

13、問題的能力。狀語從句的基本用法1、時(shí)間狀語從句(常由whe n, while, as, till, before, after, si nee, as soon, as等引導(dǎo))(1) when、while 和as引導(dǎo)狀語從句When the film en ded, they made their way back.Please don ' t talk so loudly while others are talkingHe hurried home, look ing beh ind as he went.提醒：when強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn)或一段時(shí)間while 強(qiáng)調(diào)一段時(shí)間(常用be doin

14、g)as強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句動(dòng)作同步進(jìn)引(2) when作并列連詞，相當(dāng)于 and this /that time,意為"這時(shí)”He was tak ing a bath when the telepho ne rang.was going to takewas(about)to takehad just take n(3) while作并列連詞，意為“而、去卩”,表示對比He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music.(4) since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句I ' ve written back twice since I came h

15、ere.It's three years since I came here.提醒：(1)主從句的時(shí)態(tài)問題(2) It is three years since I lived her 應(yīng)譯為：我不住在這兒已有三年。(5) before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“還未就”Before I could get i n a word, he had measured me.(6) It + be + 一段時(shí)間+ before時(shí)間狀語從句It will be two years before I come back.won' t be long提醒：注意主從句的時(shí)態(tài)(7) till 、

16、until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句You may stay here un til the rain stops. He won' t go to bed till she returns提醒：注意主從句的時(shí)態(tài)肯定和否定用法的區(qū)別(8) 名詞短語弓I導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句(the moment, the minute, each time, every time, the first time 等)The mome nt I saw him, I realized that.The first time I met with trouble, he came to my help.提醒：名間短語前不宜

17、再用介詞。(9 )副詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句(immediately, directly, i nsta ntly等)I came here immediately I got the n ews.as soon as(10) no sooner than ,hardly /scarcelywhen等句型的用法I had hardly got home whe n it began to rain.scarcelywhe nno sooner than提醒：hardly、scarcely 、no sooner 位于句首例裝 注意主句和從句的時(shí)態(tài)Exercises:(1) Did you buy a

18、dress yesterday?No, I liked the color, I didn' t like its style.A 、since B 、if C 、while D 、thoughhe(2) A good story teller must be able to hold his listeners' curiosity、after D、untilreaches the end of the story.A、whe nB 、uni ess(3) It long before weA、will not be; will knowC 、will not be ; kn

19、owits result.(4) Don' t be afraid of asking for helpA、uni essB 、si nee C2、地點(diǎn)狀語從句(常由、is ; will know、is ; knowit is n ecessary.Dwhere、 whereveralthough等引導(dǎo))、whenThe thread breaks where it is weakest.Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.提醒：地點(diǎn)狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別(狀)Make a mark where you have any questi o

20、ns.(定)Make a mark at the place where you have any questi ons.Exercise:You must be firmA、in which B3、原因狀語從句you think yourself to be right.、where C 、what D 、no matter（1） because, as, since/now that等連詞引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句語氣依從遞減。He was angry because we were late（前后皆可）As it is raining we shall not go there（前后皆可）Sinc

21、e /Now that he said so, it must be true（一般前置）（2）for為并列連詞，連接表示原因的并列分句，語氣最弱，常是一種“補(bǔ)充說明或邏輯 推理”，且不位于句首The day mast have broke n, for birds are singing.Exercise:(1) you' ve got a chanee ,you might as well make full use of it.A、Now that B 、After C 、Although D 、For(2) Henry must have stayed up last nigh

22、t,he looks so sleepy.A for B 、as C 、though D 、since4、目的狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句(1) in order that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句He started early in order that he could catch the bus.so that(2) so that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句和目的狀語從句區(qū)別He started early so that he caught the bus.提醒：是目的，還是結(jié)果？看動(dòng)詞sothat , sucht hat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句較多Exercise:Roses n eed special care

23、they ca n live through win ter.A because B、so that、even Das5、條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句unl ess it rains tomorrow .(1) if 和 unlessI ' ll comeif it doesn ' t rain.(2) so/as long as, on condition that等 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句So long as you don ' t lose heart , you will succeed.(3) in case引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句I ' ll take an um

24、brella with me in case it rains提醒：注意主從句中的時(shí)態(tài)問題。if you will do, 此處will為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意為"愿意”Exercise:(1) You may be allowed to watch TV you your homework.A、even if ; will finishB、on condition that; have finishedC in case; finishD in order that; will finish(2) CCTV is exactly like a window on the world you

25、will sit by it and fix your atte nti on on what it shows.A、if B 、as C 、while D 、unless6、方式狀語從句(1) as, as if/though引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句Please act as you are told to.She treats the boy as if he were her son.(2 )名詞短語the way引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句Fte can ' t help seeing things the way they do.提醒:as if/though從句有時(shí)用虛擬語氣Exercise:They n eed at least five years to make the country lookA as it used to B、like it didC、a