應(yīng)用型大學(xué)英語綜合教程四unit

1、l/o/g/o上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 應(yīng)用型大學(xué)英語系列教材應(yīng)用型大學(xué)英語系列教材book 4application-oriented college english course2上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 language in use enhancement of language abilities unit seventable of contents language skills developmentbacknext3上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 startertext: a lifestyle working with words and ph

2、rasesdiscussionpractice: interpretingpractice: translationpractice: writingsurfing the internethighlightstable of contentspart 1 language skills developmentbacknext4上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 highlightss: feeling alone a luxury or misfortunel: lonely am ir: a lifestylew: patterns of organization (5): compar

3、ison and contrastinternet work: searching for information on how to deal with loneliness and depression part 1 language skills developmentbacknext5上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext1. startera. read the short passage and discuss in pairs whether you share the same opinion or not. mind mapmisfortune / n. 不幸

4、companionship / n. 友誼，友情literally / ad. 確實，真正地spread out分散，散開proximity / n. 接近，臨近 6上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext1. starterfeeling alone a luxury or misfortunebeing or feeling alone is one of the saddest emotions for human beings. you can have all the money in the world but if you dont have anyone to s

5、hare it with, you have nothing. the need for human companionship is universal. in ancient times, people stuck together because they literally needed each other to survive. in todays world, we tend to spread out and live more isolated lifestyles. in some ways this is a luxury. in other ways we had it

6、 better when we lived in close proximity. humans are creatures of community and need each other for companionship.for reference answerclick here7上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 1. starterpros: the idea presented in the topic sentence is quite true because the need for human companionship is universal, and humans

7、 are creatures of community who need each other for companionship, as indicated in the text. loneliness may not kill a human being physically, but it surely makes you feel you have nothing and can literally drive people mad or even sentence them to death mentally or spiritually.cons: some examples i

8、n history and reality show that human beings can still survive alone without feeling so sad or being driven mad. one of the most famous stories is robinson crusoe, which is based on the real experience of a sailor. the victim of a shipwreck managed to live on a deserted island for many years in lone

9、liness before finding friday, a slave, to be his servant and being rescued by a passing boat. so its safe to say that while feeling alone is never a positive or healthy feeling, it is not a disastrous or deadly feeling either when compared with such extremely deadly feelings as being in despair, fee

10、ling humiliated, or being unwanted.backnext8b.listen to a short poem, lonely am i, divided into four parts, and try to memorize it; then recite one of the four parts by turns in groups and see which group can recite most fluently and emotionally. 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 1. starterbacknextmind mapcourt ro

11、om 法庭repentance / n. 后悔，懺悔 9focus1starter上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 1. starterbacknext lonely am ilonely are the nightslonely are the dayslonely am i, in so many wayslonely are the seasonslonely are the yearsso lonely am i, that it brings tearslonely is this placelonely is my lifelonely am i, that i reach f

12、or a knifelonely is this court roomlonely is my sentenceso lonely am i, that i ask for repentance10 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnexttext organization11 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 text organizationbacknext12 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnexttext organization131 in my youth, before becoming a farmer and cattleman, i was

13、 a bank employee. this is how it all came about: i was twenty-four years old at the time and was living in this same little apartment on santa fe avenue. now, its well known that accidents can happen even in such a small space. in my case, it was a tiny accident; when i tried to open the door to go

14、to work, the key broke off in the lock. (to be continued) focus1text2. text: a lifestyletranslation活法1 年輕的時候，我曾經(jīng)是一家銀行的雇員，后來卻淪為農(nóng)夫兼牛倌了。事情的經(jīng)過是這樣的：當(dāng)時我二十四歲，住在位于圣菲大街的這套小公寓里。大家都非常清楚，即便這么小的地方也難保不出意外。我出的是一點兒小事，早上開門去上班時，我的鑰匙斷在鎖孔里了。 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext 14while waiting for the locksmith, i informed the

15、bank i would be coming in a bit late. fortunately, the locksmith arrived quite promptly. through the peephole i said to him, “my key broke off in the lock.” he looked annoyed. “on the inside? in that case, its going to take me at least three hours, and ill have to charge you about” he estimated a te

16、rribly high price. “i dont have that much money in the house right now,” i replied. “but as soon as i get out, ill go to the bank and pay you.” (to be continued) focus1text2. text: a lifestyletranslation在等鎖匠的當(dāng)兒，我跟銀行打了個招呼，說我要晚到一會兒。還算幸運，鎖匠立馬就趕到了。對著貓眼，我對他說：“我的鑰匙斷在鎖孔里了?！彼雌饋砗軔阑穑骸按蚶镱^斷的？那樣的話，少說也得花上我三個鐘頭的工

17、夫，我得收你”他報了個高得嚇人的價?！把巯挛壹依餂]有這么多錢，”我回答說?！安贿^我一出來就去銀行取錢付給您。” 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext 15“im very sorry, sir,” he articulated with instructive courtesy. “but i am not only a charter member of the argentine locksmiths union, but also one of the principal framers of the magna carta of our organization, i

18、n which the chapter dedicated to basic maxims states that the perfect locksmith is prohibited from collecting subsequent to the conclusion of the work.”i smiled, incredulous. “youre joking, of course.” focus1text2. text: a lifestyletranslation“非常抱歉，先生，”他以一種教訓(xùn)口吻禮貌地說道，“不過我得告訴您，我非但是阿根廷鎖匠工會的創(chuàng)始成員，還是該組織基本

19、章程的主要起草人之一?；拘袨闇?zhǔn)則一章明文規(guī)定，優(yōu)秀的鎖匠不得在干完活之后再收款?！蔽也幌嘈潘f的那一套，笑著說：“您肯定是在開玩笑?！?上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext questions about para. 1 articulate: vi./vt. 1) 清晰（發(fā)音），清晰（吐詞）e.g. he was too drunk to articulate properly. 2) 明確表達，清楚說明e.g. i couldnt articulate my fears. a. 1) 口齒清楚的，發(fā)音清晰的e.g. all we could hear were loud

20、 sobs, but no articulate words. 2) 善于表達的e.g. shes unusually articulate for a ten-year-old. n o t e t h e s a r c a s m i n t h e c o m b i n a t i o n o f t h e t w o contradictory words, “instructive” and “courtesy”, which suggests that the locksmith was speaking dominantly as sort of an authority.

21、 as a matter of fact, he did behave as a kind of “vip” who meant what he said.16 1. what happened to the narrator one day when he was about to go to work?his key broke off in the lock while he was unlocking the door.上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext2. why did the locksmith charge the narrator a terribly h

22、igh price?because the key broke off in the lock on the inside, which would take the locksmith at least three hours to fix.3. why couldnt the narrator reach an agreement with the locksmith?the “basic maxims” stated that the perfect locksmith is prohibited from collecting subsequent to the conclusion

23、of the work, but the narrator was unable to pay in advance.2. text: a lifestyle17focus1text 2 “my dear sir, the subject of the magna carta of the argentine locksmiths union is no joking matter. the writing of our magna carta, in which no detail has been overlooked, took us years of arduous study. of

24、 course, not everyone can understand it; nevertheless, i believe you will understand clause 7 of our introduction: gold shall open doors, and the doors shall adore it. ”translation“尊敬的先生，阿根廷鎖匠工會基本章程可不是用來開玩笑的?；菊鲁讨械乃屑?xì)節(jié)都是仔細(xì)斟酌過的，我們經(jīng)過多年的艱苦推敲才完成了編寫工作。當(dāng)然，不是人人都能領(lǐng)會它。不過，我相信您能理解基本章程總論的第七條款：“黃金可以開萬門，萬門都會愛黃金。”

25、 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext magna carta: magna carta, or magna charta (great charter) was the first document forced onto an english king by a group of his subjects (the barons) in an attempt to limit his powers by law and protect their privileges. magna carta influenced the development of the commo

26、n law and many constitutional documents, including the united states constitution. note the difference between “no + n./a.” and “not + n./a.”, the former is more emphatic than the latter.e.g. you are no stronger than your brother (you are as weak as your brother). you are not stronger than your brot

27、her (you are not as strong as your brother). you are simply not a dancer, but im no dancer. 2. text: a lifestyle18 3 “please,” i said to him. “be reasonable. open the door for me, and ill pay you at once.” 4 “im sorry, sir. there are ethics in every profession, and in the locksmiths profession they

28、are inflexible. good day, sir.” 5 and, with that, he left. 6 i stood there for a few minutes, bewildered. i thought about the white-haired locksmith and said to myself, “that man is a lunatic. im going to call another locksmith shop.”translation3 “請你通融一下?！蔽覍λf，“替我把門打開，我立馬就付錢給你?！?4 “對不起，先生。每個行當(dāng)都有自己的道

29、德準(zhǔn)則，而鎖匠行當(dāng)?shù)牡赖聹?zhǔn)則是沒有通融余地的。再見了，先生?！?5 說完這些，他便揚長而去。 6 我站在那兒愣了一會，想著那個白發(fā)鎖匠，自忖道：“那家伙是個瘋子。我打電話給別的鎖匠鋪試試?！?上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext inflexible: a. 1) 不可更改的e.g. since it is an inflexible rule, why do you want to break it? 2) 不靈活的，頑固的e.g. they viewed him as stubborn, inflexible and dogmatic. bewildered: a. 迷惑

30、不解的e.g. i am totally bewildered by the clues to this crossword puzzle. note that this adjective comes from the past participle of the verb “bewilder”. similar words are excited, interested, frightened, disappointed, etc. lunatic: n. c 瘋子e.g. we dont believe this guys story hes either a lunatic or a

31、pathological liar. youre driving on the wrong side of the road, you lunatic! 2. text: a lifestyle19 7 i searched in the telephone directory and called. 8 “what address?” a guarded feminine voice asked me. 9 “3653 santa fe, apartment 10-a.”10 she hesitated a moment, had me repeat the address, and sai

32、d, “impossible, sir. the magna carta of the argentine locksmiths union prohibits us from doing any work at that address.”translation7 我查了電話號碼簿，拔通了一個電話。8 “您住哪兒？”是一個謹(jǐn)慎的女人的聲音。9 “圣菲3653號，10棟a座?！?0 她遲疑了一會，讓我重復(fù)了一遍地址，然后說道：“不行，先生。阿根廷鎖匠工會基本章程禁止我們在該地址作業(yè)。” 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext 2. text: a lifestyle20 11

33、i lit up in a flame of anger. “now listen here! dont be ridic.” 12 she hung up without letting me finish the word. 13 so i placed some twenty calls to as many locksmith shops. the instant they heard the address, they all flatly refused to do the job.translation 我心頭躥起一股怒火：“你給我聽著！甭跟我” 沒等我把話說完，她便掛斷了電話。

34、 我先后給大約二十家鎖匠鋪打了電話。他們一聽到我的地址，便無一例外地斷然拒絕了。 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext light up in a flame of anger: 勃然大怒e.g. the boss lit up in a flame of anger when he saw his driver dozing while driving. note that “as many” is the omission of “as many as twenty” and the expression used here suggests clearly that s

35、ome twenty calls were placed to an equal number of locksmith shops rather than to the same one or two locksmith shops.2. text: a lifestyle21 14 “ok, fine,” i said to myself. “ill find a solution elsewhere.” 15 i called the janitor of the building and described the problem to him. 16 “ t wo t h i n g

36、 s , ” h e answered. “in the first place, i dont know how to open locks, and, in the second place, even if i did know how, i wouldnt do it, since my job is cleaning up the place and not letting suspicious birds out of their cages.”translation “好，沒關(guān)系，”我自言自語道，“我另想辦法?！?我打電話給公寓管理員把問題描述了一番。 “兩點，”他說，“第一，我

37、不知道如何開鎖。第二，就算我知道，我也不會開，因為我的工作是打掃衛(wèi)生和不讓那些形跡可疑的鳥兒從籠子里給溜了?！?上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext 2. text: a lifestyle2217 i started to get very nervous, then i remembered monica dichiave. i dialed her number, waited, and heard her voice. “monica,” i said, “hows everything? hows it goin, honey?” 18 h e r re p ly

38、l e f t m e trembling. “so, you finally remembered to call? i havent seen hide nor hair of you in almost two weeks.” translation17 這下我真的開始緊張了，然后我想到了莫妮卡迪希阿維。我撥了她的號碼，等了會兒，聽見了她的聲音?！澳菘?，”我說，“你好嗎？一切都還不錯吧，親愛的？”18 她的回答讓我為之一震：“哈，你終于想起來給我打電話了？我都快兩個禮拜沒見你的影子了?！?上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext 2. text: a lifestyle2

39、3 19 arguing with women is beyond my capacity; nevertheless, i tried to explain to her quickly what was happening to me. i dont know whether she didnt understand me or refused to hear me out. the last thing she said before hanging up was: “im nobodys plaything.”translation盡管我不會跟女人吵架，但我還是盡量快速給她解釋我發(fā)生了

40、什么事情。我不知道是她沒有聽懂我說的還是她根本不想聽，總之，她掛電話之前跟我說的最后一句話是：“我可不是誰的玩物。” 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext beyond ones capacity: 超出某人的能力范圍e.g. raising the five children left by her husband is obviously beyond her capacity. 2. text: a lifestyle24 20 then i called the bank, in the hope that some fellow employee could com

41、e and open the door. bad luck; it was enzo paredes, a dim-witted joker whom i detested. “so you cant get out of your house?” he exclaimed abominably. “you just never run out of excuses not to come to work!”translation然后我打電話給銀行，指望某個同事能來幫我開門。倒霉的是接電話的偏偏是恩佐帕雷德斯一個我討厭的笨蛋。“你是說你出不了門了?”他令人厭惡地喊道，“你總能找到不來上班的借口

42、啊!” 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext dim-witted: a. 笨的，傻的e.g. how did the dim-witted man become a general in the war? similar expressions: slow-witted, half-witted, simple-minded, feeble-minded, thick-skulled, thick-witted. abominably: ad. 令人厭惡地e.g. i cant stand him talking abominably all the time at the

43、 meeting. 2. text: a lifestyle2521 i was seized by something akin to a homicidal urge. i hung up, called again, and asked for michelangelo laporta, who was a little brighter. sure enough, he seemed interested in finding a solution. “tell me, was it the key or the lock that broke?” 22 “the key.” 23 “

44、and it was left inside the lock?” 24 “half of it was left inside,” i replied.translation 我心里涌起一股恨不能殺人的沖動。我掛斷了重?fù)?，要稍微聰明一點的米開朗琪羅拉波塔接電話。果不其然，他好像有點兒興趣尋求解決辦法：“告訴我，是鑰匙斷了還是鎖壞了？” “鑰匙?！?“斷在鎖孔里啦？” “有一半斷在里面了。”我回答道。 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext meaning: i was so angry that i was inclined to kill someone to vent m

45、y rage.2. text: a lifestyle26 25 “didnt you try to get out the little piece with a screwdriver?” 26 “yes, of course i tried.” 27 “oh. well then, youre going to have to call a locksmith.” 28 “i already called,” i retorted, suppressing the rage that was choking me, “but they want payment in advance.”t

46、ranslation25 “你沒試過用一把螺絲刀把里面的鑰匙碎片弄出來嗎？” 26 “當(dāng)然試過了?！?27 “喔，那樣的話你應(yīng)該叫一個鎖匠。” 28 “我已經(jīng)打過他們的電話了，”我按捺住令我七竅生煙的怒火回道，“可他們要我先付工錢。” 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext retort: vi. 反駁e.g. he retorted that it was all my fault. he retorted that i was to blame. suppress: vt. 1) 壓制，抑制e.g. medically, it is unhealthy to suppres

47、s your anger, sorrow, or other strong feelings. 2) 鎮(zhèn)壓，禁止e.g. the revolt was suppressed in a matter of hours. 2. text: a lifestyle27 29 “so, pay him and there you are.” 30 “but, dont you see, i havent got any money.” 31 then he grew bored. “man, skinny, you sure have your problems!” 32 i couldnt come

48、 up with a quick reply, and his remark left me baffled. 33 and so ended that day. translation “那你付給他不就完了?！?“但是，你還不明白嗎？我沒有錢?！?他不耐煩了：“那就是你這吝嗇鬼自己的問題了?！?我一時無言以對，無計可施。 這樣，一天過去了。 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext question about paras. 7-33meaning: i was speechless at what he said, and at a loss as well. baffle:

49、 vt. 使困惑，使為難e.g. she was quite baffled when her boyfriend remained silent all the time. 2. text: a lifestyle28 4. apart from the first locksmith, who else did the narrator try to call for help?he called many others for help, including twenty other locksmith shops, the janitor, his girlfriend, and hi

50、s bank colleagues.上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext2. text: a lifestyle29 34 the next day i found the telephone out of order. another insoluble problem: how to request the repair service without a telephone to place the call? 35 i went out onto the balcony and began to shout to people walking along santa

51、fe avenue. the street noise was deafening; who could hear someone yelling from the tenth floor? translation 第二天我發(fā)現(xiàn)電話打不出去了。又是一個無法解決的問題：沒有電話可打，怎么請求電話維修服務(wù)呢? 我來到陽臺上，開始對著圣菲大街上的行人大喊。但街上的喧鬧聲那么大，有誰會聽到一個人在十樓上喊叫呢？ 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext 2. text: a lifestyle30 36 i next used my typewriter to compose the f

52、ollowing message: “madam or sir: my key has broken off in the lock. i have been locked in for two days. 3653 santa fe, apartment 10-a.” 37 i threw the five sheets over the railing; they fluttered around for a long time. three fell in the street and were immediately run over and blackened by the ince

53、ssant vehicles. (to be continued)translation36 接下來我用打字機打出了這樣的信息：“女士/先生，我的鑰匙斷在鎖孔里了。我已經(jīng)被鎖了兩天。圣菲大街3653號，10棟a座?！?7 我從欄桿里把五張紙片扔了下去。紙片在空中飛舞了很久，有三張落到了街道上，卻立刻被川流不息的汽車碾過、弄臟。(待續(xù)) 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext 2. text: a lifestyle31another landed on a store awning. but the fifth one dropped on the s i d e w a l

54、k . i m m e d i a t e l y, a diminutive gentleman picked it up and read it. he then looked up. i put on a friendly face for him. the gentleman tore the sheet of paper up into many little pieces and hurled them into the gutter. in short, for many more weeks i continued making all kinds of efforts.tra

55、nslation還有一張落在了一家店鋪的遮陽棚上。不過第五張落到了人行道上，立即有一位個頭極小的先生撿起來看。然后，他抬起頭來向上看，我向他擺出一副友好的面孔。這位先生將那張紙撕成了無數(shù)的小碎片，將它們奮力扔進了排水溝。簡而言之，我這樣努力了好幾周，試了所有的辦法。 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext question about paras. 36-372. text: a lifestyle32 5. how did the narrator try to get help using his typewriter?he typed a message using th

56、e typewriter and threw the sheets with the message over the railing for passers-by to find and help him out.上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext2. text: a lifestyle3338 one day i saw an envelope that had been slipped under my apartment door; the telephone company was cutting off my service for nonpayment. th

57、en, in succession, they cut off my gas, electricity, and water. 39 i place receptacles on the balcony to catch the rain water. i ripped out my flowering plants and in their flower pots i plant tomatoes, lentils, and other vegetables. (to be continued)translation 有一天，從公寓門縫里塞進來一封信，是電信公司寄來的因為欠費，他們要切斷我的

58、電話線。接下來，我的煤氣、水、電都被切斷了。 我把各種各樣的容器放到陽臺上接雨水。我拔掉了盛開的鮮花，在花盆里種上了西紅柿、扁豆和其他蔬菜。(待續(xù)) 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext question about para. 38 2. text: a lifestyle34 6. what happened to the utilities in the narrators apartment? why?he had all his utilities, his gas, electricity, and water, cut off. this was because

59、 he was unable to make the payments.上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext2. text: a lifestyle35but i also need animal protein, so i learned to breed insects, spiders, and rodents and to make them reproduce in captivity; sometimes i trap an occasional sparrow or pigeon. 40 on sunny days i manage to light a fir

60、e with a magnifying glass and paper. as fuel, im slowly burning the books, the furniture, and the floorboards.translation可我還需要動物蛋白，于是我學(xué)會了飼養(yǎng)昆蟲、蜘蛛和嚙齒動物，并把它們關(guān)起來讓它們繁殖；偶爾我還會逮到只麻雀或鴿子什么的。 40 趕上晴朗的日子，我就設(shè)法用放大鏡和紙生個火。慢慢地，我把書、家具和地板都當(dāng)作燃料燒掉了。 上海交通大上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)出版社出版社 backnext in captivity: 圈養(yǎng)；囚禁e.g. nowadays chickens raise