高一第一學期英語第一周

1、第一周學習內容詞匯：本單元詞匯核心：了解詞匯的基本組成是由前綴和后綴組成，本單元必須了解的前綴為：sur、per（全部）；cern(心)；詞匯的記憶方法：根據音標記憶（亙古不變的方法）；根據前綴和后綴記憶；形象記憶法，such as:gossip 有些東西到處（go）被談論(sip)-談論。set down :加介詞down。survey 調查；測驗 add up 合計upset adj.心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的 vt.使不安；使心煩。ignore 不理睬，忽視calm vt.vi（使）平靜；（使）鎮(zhèn)定 adj.平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的calm ()down （使）平靜下來；（使）鎮(zhèn)靜下來Ha

2、ve（ got ）to 不得不；必須concern （使）擔憂；涉及；關系be concerned about 關心；掛念 concern in 涉及 concern for （care for）喜歡 walk the dog 遛狗loose 松的；松開的loose cannon 我行我素vet 獸醫(yī)go through 經歷；經受set down 記下；放下；登記登記：register in series 連續(xù)；系列a series of 一連串的；一系列；一套outdoors 在戶外；在野外 -indoorsspellbinding 迷?。幻曰髈n purpose 故意in order t

3、o 為了dusk 黃昏；傍晚 at dusk 在黃昏時刻thunder v打雷；雷鳴；n雷；雷聲entire 整個的；完全的；全部的entirely 完全地；全然地；整個地power 能力；力量；權力face to face 面對面地 hand in hand 手拉手curtain 窗簾；門簾；幕布dusty 積滿灰塵的 ash=dust 灰塵 no longernotany longer 不再partner 伙伴；合作者；合伙人 er/or /ant大多數表示人settle 安家；定居；停留 使定居；安排；解決suffer 遭受；忍受；經歷suffer from 遭受；患病lonelines

4、s 孤單；寂寞highway 公路；大路；高速公路=high+wayrecover 痊愈；恢復；重新獲得=rallygetbe tired of 對厭煩pack 捆扎；包裝；打行李 小包；包裹pack（sth）up 將（東西）裝箱打包suitcase 手提箱；衣箱= suit +caseovercoat 大衣；外套=over +coatteenager 十幾歲的青少年=juvenileget along with 與相處；發(fā)展gossip 閑話；閑談fall in love 相愛 愛上exactly 確實如此；正式；確切地disagree (with) 不同意grateful 感激的；表示謝意

5、的dislike 不喜歡；厭惡join in 參加；加入tip n.揭示；技巧；尖；尖端；消費 vt. 傾斜； 翻到secondly 第二；其次firstly secondly thirdly swap 交換 share item 項目；條款；項目；一則；一件商品（或物品；術語 adv.又，同上語法：虛擬語氣：1、 虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法：帶if的虛擬條件句虛擬語氣在條件句中的基本形成如下表： 形式類型if從句主句現在did/werewould/should/could/might+do過去had+donewould /should/could/might+have+過去分詞（done

6、）將來did/should+do/were to+dowould/should/could/might+do學會區(qū)分主從句，帶有引導詞的都是從句For example :1、表示與現在事實相反：“I wouldnt worry too much if I were you .”she said.2、表示與過去事實相反：“If you had come earlier,you would have met me.”3、 表示與將來事實相反：“If he were to come tomorrow,I might have time to see him.”不帶if的虛擬條件句虛擬條件有時并不帶有

7、if，可分為以下兩種情況：1、 如果if條件句中謂語動詞含有were ,had或should時，有時可以省連詞if,把were，had或should移到主語的前面，構成倒裝結構。Had she known you were ill,she would have come to see you.=If she had known you were ill,she would have come to see you.2、 “Were it not for”或“Had it not been for ”這兩種不帶if的虛擬條件句都表示“要不是”，“若沒有”等含義。這種結構常表示與過去事實相反。We

8、re it for air,man would die.Had it not been for their assistance,we couldnt have got over the difficulties.3、 “but that”或“but for”的用法同上，也表示“要不是、要沒有”之意，其后要用虛擬語氣。but that +句子 but for +短語But that I saw it，I could not believe it .4、 有時，虛擬條件還可用一些含有條件意味的詞來表示，常用的有：without，otherwise，provided。Without your su

9、pport ,we couldnt finish this job .I was ill（真實）,otherwise, I would have visited you(不真實) .2、 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法 凡由以下的詞引出有關賓語從句，主語從句，表語從句及同位語從句均需用虛擬式謂語動詞，即“should+動詞原形”（should常可省略） Suggest(suggestion),propose(proposal),recommend(recommendation),order,command,demand,request,desire(desirable),require(requ

10、irement),insist,prefer(preferable),move(motion)(提議)，urge(極力主張)一堅持(insist)二命令(order. command)三建議(advice. suggest. propose)四要求(demand. require. request. desire.)中，無論主句謂語動詞為何種時態(tài)，從句的謂語動詞都用：“should + 動詞原形”或只用“動詞原形”。 1、 賓語從句I suggest that we (should) attach a small gift to our product.2、 表語從句My suggestion

11、 is that we (should) attach a small gift to our products.3、 同位語從句My suggestion that we (should)attach a small gift to our products.4、 主語從句It is requested that a vote be taken.注意：1、wish+賓語從句構成的虛擬從句可有三種情況。現在：一般過去時（did/were）。過去：過去完成時（had done）。將來：“would/could/might+動詞原形”。2、 would rather，would sooner，as

12、 if ,as though 引起的賓語從句也表示一中意愿。他人：現在和將來：過去式（did/were）。 過去：had+done自己：現在和將來：do 過去：have+done3、whatever，whichever，whenever，whoever, wherever，however, no matter wh-word 等引導的讓步狀語從句中，從句虛擬語氣結構為： may +動詞原形(指現在或將來)。We will finish it on time no matter what / whatever may happen. 不管發(fā)生什么事，我們都要按時完成。 We will find

13、him wherever / no matter where he may be. 無論他在哪里，我們都要找到他。 I will wait for him no matter how late he may come. 不管他來的多么晚，我都會等他。 may +完成式(指過去) ，主句結構不限。You mustnt be proud whatever / no matter what great progress you may have made. 不管你取得了多么大的進步，你也不能驕傲 We must respect him no matter what / whatever mistak

14、es he may have made. 不管他犯過什么錯誤，我們必須尊敬他。 4、主語從句中的虛擬語氣結構主要表現為“it is +a +that 從句”形式，用于此類結構的形容詞有：necessary,important,vital,imperative(必要的),essential,natural,strange,advisable,impossible等。注：It is (high/about)time (that)引出的從句中，謂語動詞用一般過去式或“should+動詞原形”來表示虛擬。 早該做某事了 It is time to do (不定式) It is the first ti

15、me that have done 3、 虛擬語氣在其它狀語從句中的用法1、 as if ，as though2、 在in case，lest，for fear that引出的目的狀語從句中，謂語動詞多用“should+動詞原形”，來表示虛擬，有時should可以省略。 4、 錯綜條件句：當從句的時態(tài)和主句時態(tài)不一致時就構成了錯綜條件句。此時主從句分別用各自相應的虛擬形式。If you had come here yesterday,you could be listening to the lecture nowIf Tom had finished all this work yester

16、day,he wouldnt have a hard time tomorrow.(have a hard time 為賓語)鞏固練習：1、 He insisted that she ( )go there alone at night.A not B would not C doesnt D wont2、 I wish that diamond necklace （ ）to me .A belonged B belongs C would belong D will belong6、 簡單句中的虛擬語氣 （1） 說話時，為了表示客氣、謙虛、委婉而有禮貌，言語常使用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結構形

17、式常為：would / could / might / should + 原形動詞。如：Would you mind my shutting the door? 我把門關起來你介意嗎？You should always learn this lesson by heart. 你要把這個教訓牢記于心。I should agree with you. 我應該同意你的觀點。（2） 表示“祝愿”時，常用“may + 主語+ 動詞原形+ 其他”。如： May you have a good journey! 祝你一路順風。 May your youth last for ever! 祝你青春永駐。（3）

18、表示強烈的“愿望”、“祝愿”時，常用動詞原形。如： Long live the Communist Party of China. 中國共產黨萬歲。God bless us. 上帝保佑。（4） 習慣表達中常用的虛擬語氣。 (1) 提出請求或邀請。如： Would you like to have a talk with us this evening? 今天晚上來跟我們聊天好嗎？Could I use your bike now? 我可以用一下你的單車嗎？(2) 陳述自己的觀點或看法。如：I should glad to meet you. 見到你我會很高興。I would try my be

19、st to help you. 我會盡力幫助你。(3) 提出勸告或建議。如：Youd better ask your father first. 你最好先問一問你的父親。 You should make a full investigation of it first. 你應該先全面調查一番。(4) 提出問題。如：Do you think he could get here on time? 你認為他能按時來嗎？ Do you expect he would tell us the truth? 你期望他會告訴我們真相嗎？ (5) 表示對過去情況的責備時，常用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結構為：“情

20、態(tài)動詞 + have + 過去分詞”。如：You should have got here earlier. 你應該早就到這里了。 You should have returned it to him. 你應該把它還給他了。 練習以及解析2、 1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _ the book from which it was made.A. have read B. had readC. should have read D. are reading2.You are late. If you _ a few minutes earli

21、er, you _ him.A. come; would meetB. had come; would have metC. come; will meet D. had come; would meet3.The two students talked as if they _ friends for years.A. should be B. would beC. have been D. had been4.It is important that I _ with Mr. Williams immediately.A. speakB. spokeC. will speak D. to

22、speak5.He looked as if he _ ill for a long time.A. was B. wereC. has been D. had been6.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _.A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hoursC. have lied there for two hoursD. have lain there for two hours7.I wish that I _ wi

23、th you last night.A. went B. could goC. have goneD. could have gone8.Lets say you could go there again, how _ feel?A. will youB. should youC. would you D. do you9.I cant stand him. He always talks as though he _ everything.A. knew B. knowsC. has known D. had known10._ the fog, we should have reached

24、 our school.A. Because of B. In spite ofC. In case of D. But for11.If you had told me in advance, I _ him at the airport.A. would meet B. would had metC. would have met D. would have meet12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he_ me how.A. teaches B. will tea

25、chC. has taught D. would teach13.I would have told him the answer had it been possible, but I _ so busy then.A. had beenB. wereC. was D. would be14.Hes working hard for fear that he _.A. should fall behindB. fell behindC. may fall behind D. would fallen behind15.If it _ another ten minutes, the game

26、 would have been called off.A. had rainedB. would have rainedC. have seen D. rained16.He suggested that they _ use a trick instead of fighting.A. should B. wouldC. do D. had17.My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _ there.A. not went B. wont goC. not go D. not to go18.I woul

27、d have gone to the meeting if I _ time.A. had had B. have hadC. had D. would have had19.Would you rather I _ buying a new bike?A. decided againstB. will decide againstC. have decided D. shall decide against20.You look so tired tonight. It is time you _.A. go to sleep B. went to sleepC. go to bed D.

28、went to bed21.Why didnt you buy a new car? I would have bought one if I _ enough money.A. had B. have hadC. would have D. had had22.If she could sew, _.A. she make a dress B. she would have made a shirtC. she will make a shirt D. she would had made a coat23._ today, he would get there by Friday.A. W

29、ould he leave B. Was he leavingC. Were he to leave D. If he leaves24.His doctor suggested that he _ a short trip abroad.A. will takeB. would takeC. takeD. took25.The Bakers arrived last night. If theyd only let us know earlier,_ at the station.A. wed meet them B. well meet themC. wed have met them D

30、. weve met them26.If I _ you, I _ more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was; shall pay B. am; will payC. would be; would pay D. were; would pay27.We might have failed if you _ us a helping hand.A. have not givenB. would not giveC. had not given D. did not give28.The law requires that every

31、one _ his car checked at least once a year.A. has B. hadC. have D. will have29.It is strange that he _ so.A. would say B. would speakC. should sayD. will speak30.Had I known her name, _A. or does she know mine?B. and where does she live?C. she would be beautiful. D. I would have invited her to lunch

32、.31.He has just arrived, but he talks as if he _ all about that.A. know B. knowsC. known D. knew32.If I _ the money, I would have bought a much bigger car.A. possessed B. ownedC. had D. had had33.He was very busy yesterday; otherwise, he _ to the meeting.A. would come B. cameC. would have comeD. wil

33、l come34.The librarian insists that John _ no more books from the library before he returns all the books he has borrowed.A. will take B. tookC. takeD. takes35.I left very early last night, but I wish I _ so early.A. didnt leave B. hadnt leftC. havent left D. couldnt leave36.I do not have a job. I w

34、ould find one but I _ no time.A. had B. didnt haveC. had had D. have37.I wish that you _ such a bad headache because Im sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.A. hadnt B. didnt have hadC. hadnt had D. hadnt have38.He insisted that we all _ in his office at one oclock.A. be B. to beC. would be

35、D. shall be39.Helen couldnt go to France after all. Thats too bad. Im sure she would have enjoyed it if _.A. shes gone B. shell goC. shed gone D. shed go40.I must go there earlier. John has suggested that I _ an hour before the discussion begins.A. go B. shall goC. will go D. would go 41.He insisted

36、 that she ( )go there alone at night. A not B would not C doesnt D wont 42.I wish that diamond necklace （ ）to me . A belonged B belongs C would belong D will belong43.I second (贊成)the motion that we ( )a delegation to inspect safety conditions in the mines.A will send B must send C sends D send44. W

37、e recommend that work ( )at once.A. start B stars C will start D be send45.The radio is too noisy .I wish you ( )it down.A will turn B would turn Care to turn D can turn 46. It is about the time that we ( ) all the staff together on the first floor.A get B got C to get D will got47. If it had not be

38、en for the storm we ( )much earlier.A should arrive B should have arrived C would arrive D might arrive48. It is vital that you ( )our competitors to know our plans.A do not permit B will not permit 49. It is urgent that the police ( ) notified about those strange phone calls.A is B be C was D will

39、be50. If he ( )attend the meeting tomorrow,he would see our new Party secretary.A will B is goC not permit D have not permittedng to C were to D would51. But that he ( )it,he wouldnt have believed it .A.sees B saw C had seen D see52.I would rather you (） （），（自大） （） （），15 BBDAD 610 DDCAD 1115 CDCAA1620