英美文學(xué)常識(shí)必備!!!

1、英國(guó)文學(xué)(English Literature450-1066 Old English (or Anglo-Saxon Period 古英語(或盎格魯撒克遜時(shí)期1066-1500 Middle English Period 中古英語時(shí)期1500-1660 1516-1578 1578-1625 1625-1660The Renaissance 文藝復(fù)興1 The beginning of the Renaissance2 The flowering period3 The epilogue of the Renaissance1660-1785 The Neoclassical Period

2、新古典主義時(shí)期1785-1830 The Romantic Period 浪漫主義時(shí)期1832-1901 The Victorian Period 維多利亞時(shí)期1901-1914 The Edwardian Period 愛德華時(shí)期1910-1936 The Georgian Period 喬治五世時(shí)期1914 - The Modern Period 現(xiàn)代時(shí)期1945 - Postmodernism 后現(xiàn)代主義一、Old and Medieval English Literature中古英語文學(xué)(8世紀(jì)-14世紀(jì)1 The Old English Period / The Anglo-Saxo

3、n Period古英語時(shí)期(449-1066a. pagan poetry(異教詩歌: Beowulf貝奧武甫- 最早的詩歌;長(zhǎng)詩(3000行 heroism & fatalism & Christian qualitiesthe folk legends of the primitive northern tribes; a heroic Scandinavian epic legend; 善惡有報(bào)b. religious poetry: Caedmon(凱德蒙610-680: the first known religious poet; the father of Eng

4、lish songCynewulf(基涅武甫9C: The Christc. 8th C, Anglo-Saxon prose: Venerable Bede(673-735; Alfred the Great(848-9012 The Medieval Period中世紀(jì)(1066-ca.1485 / 1500:a. Romance中世紀(jì)傳奇故事(1200-1500: the Middle Ages; 英雄詩歌無名詩人- Sir Gawain and the Green Knight高文爵士與綠色騎士: Celtic legend; verse-romance; 2530 lines 14t

5、h C,Age of Chaucer:* Geoffrey Chaucer(喬叟1340-1400: 文風(fēng):vivid and exact language, his poetry is full of vigor and swiftnessthe father of English poetry; the father of English fiction; 首創(chuàng)“雙韻體”;首位用倫敦方言寫作英國(guó)作家The Canterbury Tales:pilgrims stories 受Boccaccio(薄伽丘 - Decameron十日談啟發(fā)The House of Fame; Troilus a

6、nd Criseyde; The Romaunt of the Rose玫瑰羅曼史(譯作* William Langland(朗蘭1332-1400:The Vision of Piers Plowman農(nóng)夫皮爾斯之幻象: 普通人眼中的社會(huì)抗議b. 15th C, English ballads: Thomas Malory (1395-1471 :Morte dArthur亞瑟王之死- 圓桌騎士二、The Renaissance Period英國(guó)文藝復(fù)興(1500-1660: humanism十四行詩,文藝復(fù)興,無韻詩,伊麗莎白戲劇1 詩歌Henry Howard(霍華德1516-1547a

7、. Thomas Wyatt (懷亞特1503-1542: the first to introduce the sonnet into English literatureb. Sir Philip Sidney(雪尼爵士1554-1586:代表了當(dāng)時(shí)的理想- “the complete man”Defense of Poetry為詩辯護(hù)Astrophel and Stella; Arcadia阿卡狄亞: a prose romance filled with lyrics; a forerunner of the modern worldc.Edmund Spenser(斯賓塞1552-1

8、599: the poets poet; non-dramatic poet of伊麗莎白時(shí)代- long allegorical romance文風(fēng):a perfect melody, a rare sense of beauty and a splendid imagination. The Shepherd CalendarThe Faerie Queen仙后:long poem for Queen Elizabeth; Allegory - nine-line verse stanza/ the Spenserian Stanza Spenserian Stanza(斯賓塞詩體: Ni

9、ne lines, the first eight lines is in iambic(抑揚(yáng)格 pentameter(五步詩,and the ninth line is an iambic hexameter(六步詩 line.2 Prose 散文a. Thomas More(莫爾1478-1535: 歐洲早期空想社會(huì)主義創(chuàng)始人Utopia烏托邦: More與海員的對(duì)話b. John Lyly (黎里1553-160,劇作家&小說家:EupheusEuphuism(夸飾文體: Abundant use of balanced sentences, alliterations(頭韻 a

10、nd other artificial prosodic(韻律 means.The use of odd similes(明喻 and comparisonsc. Francis Bacon (培根1561-1626:英國(guó)首位散文家,中世紀(jì)至現(xiàn)代歐洲時(shí)期; 近代唯物主義哲學(xué)奠基人和近代實(shí)驗(yàn)科學(xué)先驅(qū)the trumpeter of a new age;Essays(論說文集:Of Studies, Of Love, Of Beauty: the first true English prose classic3 戲劇a. Christopher Marlowe(馬洛1564-1593: Univ

11、ersity Wits 大學(xué)才子派Edward II;The Jew of Malta馬耳他的猶太人first made blank verse(無韻詩:不押韻的五步詩 the principle instrument of English dramaThe Tragical History of Doctor Faustus浮士德博士的悲劇:根據(jù)德國(guó)民間故事書寫成; 完善了無韻體詩。Tamburlaine the Great帖木兒大帝:殘酷而野心勃勃的帝王b. William Shakespeare(劇作家&詩人, 1564-1616: 154 sonnets(十四行詩 + 37 p

12、lays + long poems; 現(xiàn)實(shí)主義創(chuàng)始人16 comedies :Merchant of Venice (Shylock; Antonio; Bassanio; Portia;The Taming of the Shrew馴悍記A Mid-Summer Nights Dream; As You Like It皆大歡喜; The Twelfth Night;The Comedy of Errors;Much Ado About Nothing無事生非; The Winters Tale冬天的故事; All is Well that Ends Well終成眷屬11 tragedies:

13、 Romeo and Juliet;Hamlet; Macbeth麥克白;The Tempest暴風(fēng)雨Othello: a hero Othello vs. bad man Iago; Venice and CyprusKing Lear: British King; greatest achievement; most complex in plot and most painful10 historical plays: Henry IV; Henry Vc. Ben Jonson(瓊生1562-1637 詩人&劇作家&批評(píng)家: Comedy of Humors; Volp

14、one狐貍; The Alchemist煉金術(shù)士三、17世紀(jì)文學(xué)1 Literature of the Revolution Period (Age of Milton資產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命時(shí)期: poetry (Metaphysical玄學(xué)派+ Cavalier騎士派a. John Donne(多恩1572-1631:玄學(xué)派創(chuàng)始人; A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning臨別辭:莫悲傷文風(fēng):obscene, vulgar and serious philosophical thinking the conflict between body and soulThe Hol

15、y Sonnets; The Flea; Go and Catch a Falling Star; The Songs and Sonnets(主題-愛b. John Milton(彌爾頓1608-1674:Renaissance and Reformation (宗教改革Paradise Regained復(fù)樂園;Paradise Lost失樂園: the greatest English epic; Satan is the heroSamson Agonistes力士參孫:closet drama; for reading rather than performing;On His Bli

16、ndness目盲自詠; Areopagitica論出版自由; Comus;Lallegro快樂的人;Lycidasc. John Bunyan(班揚(yáng)1628-1688: prose writing in the Puritan Age; 文風(fēng):simple and lively prose styleThe Pilgrims Progress天路歷程: prose allegory depicting a human soul searching for salvation 宗教寓言“具有永恒意義的百科全書”,英國(guó)文學(xué)史上里程碑式著作。與但丁神曲、奧古斯丁懺悔錄并列世界三大宗教題材文學(xué)杰作。2

17、 Literature of the Restoration Period (Age of Dryden王政復(fù)辟/德萊頓時(shí)期: tendancy to Realism and Formalismrestoration literature: cliquish culture小集團(tuán)文化; French classical tastea. John Dryden (德萊頓1631-1700, 批評(píng)家&戲劇家:first poet laureate(桂冠詩人; the father of English Criticismestablish the heroic couplet(英雄史詩式兩

18、行詩 as the fashion for satiric, didactic(說教 and descriptive(描寫 poetry最先提出“玄學(xué)詩人”一詞;他創(chuàng)造的“英語雙韻體couplet”,成為英國(guó)詩歌的主要形式之一。All for Love; Alexanders Feast;An Essay of Dramatic Poesy論戲劇詩歌: the great playwrights of Greece and Rome, 英國(guó)文藝復(fù)興&當(dāng)代法國(guó)四、18世紀(jì)英國(guó)文學(xué): Realism (關(guān)注社會(huì)現(xiàn)狀,普通人 The Neoclassical Period(17世紀(jì)中期-18

19、世紀(jì) Enlightenment (啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng): 18th C, 法國(guó)-西歐, a progressive intellectual movement.文藝復(fù)興的衍伸;資本主義反對(duì)封建主義Enlighten the world with modern philosophical and artistic ideas; rationality, equality & science Neo-Classicism: 早期(Addison, Steele and Pope; 中期(Samuel Johnson old classicsConform to rules and principle

20、s established by Roman and Greek Classical writers; use rimed couplet(押韻的兩行詩 Order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy, be judged in terms of the thematic concerna. Samuel Pepys(畢博思1633-1703: The greatest diarist in 17th C The Diaryb. Alexander Pope(蒲柏1688-1744 : 新古典主義代表; master in satire and he

21、roic couplet;Age of Pope18世紀(jì)初期文風(fēng):詞句工整、精練、富有哲理;對(duì)Byron影響巨大first introduced rationalism to EnglandAn Essay on Criticism(處女作; An Essay on Man; Odyssey; The Rape of the Lock奪發(fā)記; Dunciad愚人記c. Richard Steele (斯梯爾1672-1729 & Joseph Addison (艾迪生1672-1719: literary periodicalsThe Tattler(閑談?wù)邎?bào): 1709, by St

22、eele; Addison wrote essays; 抨擊封建偏見,傲慢的富人,及大眾對(duì)賭博和決斗的反感The Spectator(旁觀者報(bào):共同創(chuàng)辦;the Spectator Club - 現(xiàn)代英語小說先鋒貢獻(xiàn):資產(chǎn)階級(jí)新社會(huì)道德;18世紀(jì)英國(guó)社會(huì)真實(shí)寫照;英語散文正式成為一大文學(xué)流派d. Samuel Johnson (字典約翰1709-1784 : literary dictator; “grand champion in literature of that age”The Dictionary of the English Language: 英語字典的基礎(chǔ);The Lives

23、of English poets: 52 early English poets2 十八世紀(jì)小說的崛起: 首批英國(guó)小說家 the Sentimentalist & the Realist* 現(xiàn)實(shí)主義a. Daniel Defoe(笛福1661-1731: 英國(guó)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義小說奠基人; Father of English and European Novels Moll FlandersThe Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe: the first person singularCrusoe represent

24、ed the English bourgeoisie at the early stage of its development. A Journal of the Plague Yearb. Henry Fielding(菲爾丁1707-1754, 小說家&戲劇家:英國(guó)小說之父; 英國(guó)現(xiàn)代小說創(chuàng)始人;comic epic in prose創(chuàng)始人文風(fēng):exact study and observation of real life Joseph Andrews; AmeliaThe History of Tom Jones, a Foundling棄嬰湯姆·瓊斯的故事: 18

25、世紀(jì)英國(guó)群像;Mr. Allworthy“Prose Humor”c. Jonathan Swift(斯威夫特1667-1745, 政論家&諷刺小說家: 偉大文學(xué)創(chuàng)造者之一;master of English satirical prose文風(fēng):simple, clear and vigor; “Proper words in proper places, makes the true definitions of a style”Gullivers Travels格列佛游記: Liliput(小人國(guó); Brogdingnagians(大人國(guó); Laputa(勒普泰島; Houyhnh

26、nms(慧馬國(guó)The Battle of the Books; The Tale of a Tub; A Modest Proposal(bitter ironyd. Tobias George Smollett (1721-1771:冒險(xiǎn)小說* Sentimentalism(感傷主義: It indulges in emotion and sentiment, which are used as a sort of relief for the grief felttowards the worlds wrongs and as a kind of mild protest against

27、social injustice.a. Samuel Richardson(理查森1689-1761: the founder of the English domestic novel 小說開始審視“發(fā)生于內(nèi)心的東西”Pamela; Clarissa; The History of Sir Charles Grandisonb. Laurence Sterne (斯特恩1713-1768:Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy項(xiàng)狄傳- unusual and queer artistic formc. Oliver Goldsmith(戈德史密斯1728-1

28、774:Romantic school; The Deserted Village荒村; She stoops to ConquerThe Vicar of Wakefield威克菲爾德的牧師:one of the most enduring characters in English fiction3 Poetry of the Pre-Romanticism and Sentimentalism(前浪漫主義和感傷主義詩歌:18世紀(jì)中期a. James Thomson(湯姆森1700-1748 蘇格蘭:The Seasons: theme - nature; blank verse;the

29、first significant poem in the tradition of Pre-Romanticismb. Edward Young(楊1683-1765c. William Collins(柯林斯1721-1759:Ode to Evening晚頌d. Thomas Gray(格雷1716-1771:sympathy for the poor and unknown, mocks the great ones who despise and hurt themElergy Written in a Country Churchyard墓園挽歌;Ode on the Spring

30、e. William Blake(布萊克1757-1827 浪漫派詩人、畫家、雕刻家:symbolism The Marriage of Heaven and HellSongs of Experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)之歌: The Tiger; London; The Chimney-Sweeper掃煙囪的孩子世間的丑惡Songs of Innocence天真之歌: The Lamb Poetical Sketches素描詩集f. Robert Burns(彭斯1759-1796 蘇格蘭:the greatest songwriter; the national poet of Scotland;t

31、he peoples poet文風(fēng):lyrics on love and friendship; simplicity; Scotch dialects My Hearts in the HighlandA Red, Red Rose; Auld Lang Syne舊日美好時(shí)光; For a That and a That不管那一套4 戲劇a. John Gay(蓋伊1685-1732:The Beggars Opera乞丐歌劇: one of the most conspicuous stage triumphsb. Richard Brinsley Sheridan(謝立丹1751-181

32、6 喜劇作家:tendency to Realismthe artificial comedy (風(fēng)俗喜劇 & anti-sentimental movement 頂峰The Rivals情敵The School for Scandal造謠學(xué)校:best English comedy since Shakespearetwo brothers Joseph/Charles surface; criticize English high society for its vanity, greed and hypocrisy五、The Romantic Period英國(guó)浪漫主義文學(xué)(179

33、8-1832 女性小說家涌現(xiàn)passion, emotion and natural beautyIt begins with William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridges joint work Lyrical Ballads in 1798.It ends with the death of Walter Scott in 1832. The Poetic Revolution(1798-1837: Blake, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelley and Keats 反對(duì)新古典主義文學(xué)1 特點(diǎn)indi

34、viduals1. It is marked by a strong reaction and protest against the bondage of rule and custom.2. It returns to nature and to plain humanity for its material.3. It is marked by renewed interest and medieval ideals and literature.4. It is marked by intense human sympathy and by a consequent understan

35、ding of the human heart.5. It is the expression of individual genius rather than established rules.6. Spenser, Shakespeare and Milton are inspiration of the Romantic Movement.2 詩歌 Lakers / Lake Poets (湖畔詩人, 第一代: Wordsworth, Coleridge & Southey- worshipper of naturea. William Wordsworth (華茲華斯1770

36、-1850:Poet LaureateLyrical Ballads抒情歌謠集:Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey丁登寺雜詠;Lines Written in Early Spring 英國(guó)浪漫主義開端The Prelude序曲;The Solitary Reaper孤獨(dú)的割麥女;I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud;Composed upon Westminster Bridge;Lucy Poems; My Heart Leaps Up; To the Cuckoo致布谷鳥b. Samuel Taylor Col

37、eridge(柯勒律治1772-1834:poet and literary critic;Kubla Khan忽必烈汗;Christabel;The Rime of the Ancient Mariner(Lyrical Ballads古舟子詠; The Fall of the Bastille巴士底獄的倒塌c. Robert Southey(騷賽:Joan of Arc圣女貞德3 詩歌第二代詩人: 早熟、熱情而短命;against the bourgeois society and the ruling class; 自由至上a. George Gordon Byron(拜倫1788-18

38、24:lyrical poems deal with nature and love Cain該隱Don Juan唐璜:西班牙貴族子弟周游各國(guó),發(fā)生在18世紀(jì)后半葉。長(zhǎng)詩Childe Harolds Pilgrimage恰爾德·哈羅爾德游記: Childe是其詩歌中首位拜倫式英雄。長(zhǎng)詩Byronic Heroes: 孤傲、狂熱、浪漫,卻充滿反抗精神。內(nèi)心孤獨(dú)苦悶,卻又蔑視群小。She Walks in Beauty; When We Two Parted; Hebrew Melodies希伯來歌曲b. Percy Bysshe Shelley(雪萊1792-1822:love the

39、 people and hated their oppressors and exploitersQueen Mab;The Revolt of Islam伊斯蘭的反叛;Adonais;A Defence of Poetry;The Necessity of Atheism(無神論詩劇:The Cenci欽契一家;Promethus Unbound解放了的普羅米修斯(Greek mythologylove lyrics: Ode To a Skylark云雀頌;Ode to the West Wind (冬天來了,春天還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)嗎: swift, proud and wild的西風(fēng)c. John

40、Keats (濟(jì)慈1794-1821:ode; “Beauty is truth, truth beauty” leading principle Ode to Psyche普賽克頌His poetry is distinguished by sensuousness(知覺 and the perfection of form. Ode on Melancholy;Isabella Ode to Autumn; Ode to a Nightingale;Ode on a Grecian Urn希臘古甕頌4 散文: 19世紀(jì)早期,critical prose writing - Leigh Hu

41、nt, De Quincya. Charles Lamb(蘭姆1774-1834 隨筆: nostalgia, humor, delicacy, personal and observations 最佳散文家Old China古舊的瓷器; Tales from Shakespeare(兒童文學(xué); Essays of Elia(論說文集b. William Hazlitt(哈茲利特1778-1830: 犀利的文學(xué)批評(píng)- The Characters of Shakespeares PlaysLectures on the English Poets; Lectures on the Dramat

42、ic Literature of the Age of Queen ElizabethMy First Acquaintance with Poets;On Going a Journey論出游5 小說a. Walter Scott (司各特1771-1832: 西歐歷史小說之父;the first novelist to recreate the past 浪漫主義向現(xiàn)實(shí)主義轉(zhuǎn)變Waverley威弗利;Rob Roy羅伯·羅伊(蘇格蘭歷史;Ivanhoe艾凡赫b. Jane Austen(簡(jiǎn)奧斯丁1775-1817:humor, wit and delicate satire; t

43、rue to life首位女作家,以特有的敏銳和細(xì)膩刻畫英國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的生活和思想。預(yù)示現(xiàn)實(shí)主義小說崛起Northanger Abbey諾桑覺寺Sense and Sensibility;Pride and Prejudice;Emma;Persuasion勸導(dǎo); Mansfield Park曼斯菲爾德莊園c. Mary Shelly (雪莉:Frankenstein六、The Victorian Period維多利亞時(shí)期(1832-1901 Critical Realism 批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義- novel poetry/proseFull and detailed representation

44、 of social and political events, and the fate of common people and of whole social class1 小說a. Charles Dickens(狄更斯1812-1870: 小資產(chǎn)階級(jí)知識(shí)分子humoritst, satiristWith striking force and truthfulness, he pictured bourgeois civilization, showing the misery of common people.Bleak Hous荒涼山莊;Hard Times艱難時(shí)世;A Chris

45、tmas Carol圣誕頌歌 1st Period(1836-1841: youthful optimism - The Old Curiosity Shop老古玩店;Oliver Twist霧都孤兒The Pickwick Papers匹克威克外傳:退休商人Pickwick冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷- 18世紀(jì)早期的英國(guó)的小資們petty-bourgeoisie 2nd Period(1842-: excitement and irritation David Copperfield; Dombey and Son董貝父子 3rd Period: intensifying pessimism Great Ex

46、pectations遠(yuǎn)大前程A Tale of Two Cities:革命主題法國(guó)革命中的巴黎與倫敦Dr. Manette -Lucie&Darnay, Defarge, Sidney Cartonb. The Bronte SistersCharlotte Bronte(1816-1855: Jane Eyre(Mr. Rochester; Shirley雪莉Emily Bronte (1818-1848:Wuthering Heights (Heathcliff & Catherine 資本主義社會(huì)婚姻制度Anne Bronte(1820-1849: Agnes Greyc

47、. Mrs. Gaskell (蓋斯凱爾夫人1810-1865: Life of Charlotte Bronte英國(guó)最佳傳記Mary Barton瑪麗·巴頓:the class struggle between the workers and the capitalistsd.George Elliot(艾略特1819-1880 女作家: 田園生活,道德問題,心理描寫Silas Marner織工馬南文風(fēng):rich humor and keen observation, very philosophical Adam Bede:Adam愛上變心女The Mill on the Flo

48、ss弗洛斯河上的磨房:Tom & Maggie;Middlemarch, a Study of Provincial Life米德爾馬契e. William Makepeace Thackera y(薩克雷1811-1863: Vanity Fair/ A Novel without a Hero名利場(chǎng)f. Thomas Hardy(哈代1840-1928 詩人&小說家: 多以農(nóng)村生活為背景;自然主義小說家。the Wessex novel s(虛構(gòu)地點(diǎn)Under the Greenwood Tree綠蔭下;The Mayor of Casterbridge卡斯特橋市長(zhǎng);The

49、 Return of the Native還鄉(xiāng)Far from the Madding Crowd遠(yuǎn)離塵囂;Jude the Obscure無名的裘德Tess of the DUrbervilles德伯家的苔絲: Tess & Angel Clare 人無法掌控自己的命運(yùn)g. Robert Stevenson(史蒂文森1850-1894: Treasure Island金銀島; Kidnappedh. William Morris(莫里斯: The Earthly Pradise; Pilgrims of Hope希望的探求者2 詩歌: optimism and progressive

50、 vitalitya. Alfred Tennyson(丁尼生1809-1902:維多利亞時(shí)代最具代表性的詩人Poet Laureate In Memoriam悼念sounds and rhythms; evoking moods; linking descriptions of nature to the state of minds Poems by Two Brothers The Princess; Maud; Break, Break, Break拍岸曲;The Idylls of the King國(guó)王敘事詩; Ulysses尤利西斯b. The Brownings布朗寧夫婦Robe

51、rt/Elizabeth Browning The Ring and the Book; Sonnets from the Portuguese Robert Browning(1812-1889:dramatic monologues; realistic; optimistic; believed in the progress of mankindMen and Women(詩集;My Last Duchess我的前公爵夫人;Meeting at Night;Home Thoughts, from Abroad3 散文a. Thomas Carlyle(卡萊爾1795-1881 歷史學(xué)家

52、: The French Revolution 起因(the workers miserable living conditionb. John Ruskin(作家&藝術(shù)評(píng)論家:其社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)觀念對(duì)William Morris, Oscar Wilde, Bernard Shaw & D. H. Lawrence影響巨大Modern Painters; The Seven Lamps of Architecture; Unto this Last; Sesame and Liliesc. Matthew Arnold(阿諾德1822-1888: Dover Beach多弗爾海灘4

53、 無產(chǎn)階級(jí)文學(xué) a. Ernest Jones(瓊斯1819-1869: the Chartist poets(憲章派詩人b. William Morris(莫里斯1834-1896: the first socialist writer5 19世紀(jì)末期文學(xué)趨勢(shì)a. Naturalism: 19世紀(jì)后半期,從現(xiàn)實(shí)主義發(fā)展而來;subjective and somber - 達(dá)爾文Emile Zola & George Gissingb. New-Romanticism: oppose the idea that art reflects life reality Stevenson (

54、蘇格蘭小說家c. Aestheticism(唯美主義: art is self-sufficient and has no reference to life 在詩歌中傾向于withdrawal or aversiond. Descadence(頹廢派文藝: the crisis of bourgeois culture; opposes the democratic and socialist ideals; “art for arts sake” Oscar Wilde(王爾德1854-1900: Aestheticism and Decadence - An Ideal Husband;

55、 A Woman of No Importance;The Picture of Dorian Grey; The Happy Prince and Other Tales ; Salome莎樂美Lady Windermeres Fan溫德米爾夫人的扇子;The Importance of Being Earnest認(rèn)真的重要七、The Modern Period現(xiàn)代時(shí)期(1914-:symbolism; the stream of consciousness; naturalism; impressionismImpressionism個(gè)人經(jīng)歷(低層中產(chǎn)階級(jí)&工人階級(jí) Poetry

56、short lyricsNovels (代表James Joyce 心理活動(dòng);人性的深度及缺陷an unending stream of impression, feelings and thoughtsa. John Galsworthy(高爾斯華綏1867-1933 小說家&劇作家: 1932 Nobel Prize The White Monkey白猿strength & elasticity; powerful sweep & 深度心理分析文風(fēng):concise, clear and straightforwardThe Forsyte Saga福賽特家史(小說集

57、:The Man of Property有產(chǎn)者(批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義頂峰Soames Forsyte & Irene In Chancery騎虎難下;To Let出讓; Interlude: The Indian Summer of a Forsyte; Awakeningb. George Bernard Shaw(蕭伯納1856-1950批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義劇作家:1925Nobel Prize Mrs. Warrens Professio n;批判資本主義的罪惡面;humorist deals with contemporary social problems Heartbreak House; Widower s House;Man and Superman人與超人;Pygmalion賣花女;Major Barbara巴巴拉少校;The Apple Cart蘋果車c. William Butler Yeats(葉芝1865-1939 愛爾蘭詩人&劇作家:1923Nobel Prize;The Irish nationalistSailing to Byzantine駛向拜占庭;The Second Coming基督再臨;Leda and the Swan麗達(dá)與天鵝The Wind Among the Reeds蘆葦中的風(fēng);Respon