巧用構(gòu)詞法幫助解答高考猜詞題

1、weightlifting Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. What does the word “shoplifter” mean? 商店里的小偷商店里的小偷 B. B. 商店里的推銷員商店里的推銷員 C.C.商店里的老客戶商店里的老客戶D.D.商店里的搬運(yùn)工商店里的搬運(yùn)工 shop+lifter shoplif

2、ter lifter n. 小偷小偷 Word Formation 構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法巧用構(gòu)詞法原則幫助解答巧用構(gòu)詞法原則幫助解答 閱讀理解中的猜測詞義題閱讀理解中的猜測詞義題構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法派生法派生法（Derivation）合成法合成法(Compounding) 轉(zhuǎn)化法轉(zhuǎn)化法（Conversion）縮略法縮略法（Abbreviation） able unable; teach teacherspace+ship spaceshipvisit v. visit n.Do it yourself. DIY一、一、派生法派生法（Derivation）由詞根由詞根(root)加前綴加前綴（prefix）或后

3、綴或后綴（suffix）構(gòu)成新詞。構(gòu)成新詞。un-否定前綴否定前綴dis-in-im-mis-non- understand politesmokeragreefairvisible Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning? Do you sometimes oversleep?1. over- : too muchoverwork , overeatabove sth; across overcoat, overheadSome important prefixes: The trains are _ on Friday evenin

4、gs. (crowded)overcrowded The WTO is an international organization.3. inter- between internet interchange intercommunicate He enlarged his vocabulary by reading widely.2.en- 動(dòng)詞前綴動(dòng)詞前綴enable, endanger, Reading can _ your life.(rich)enrichSome important suffixes:-ment, -ion, -ness, -tion, -ful, -able, -

5、less, -en等等sharpen a pencilstrengthenbrightensharp adj. sharpen v._strength _ bright The city government has decided to have the main streets _.A. wide B. widen C. widened D. widingC With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners ne

6、eded for a beginning reader to gain confidence.(2003NMET)unconditional:nonjudgmental:無條件的，絕對(duì)的無條件的，絕對(duì)的沒有判斷力的沒有判斷力的二、二、合成法合成法（Compounding）highwaywaiting-roomkind-hearted 把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上獨(dú)立的詞合成把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上獨(dú)立的詞合成一個(gè)新詞。一個(gè)新詞。 However, most of our ideas about the futures are really very short-sighted, perhaps we can se

7、e some possibilities for the next fifty years.目光短淺的目光短淺的 For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs.生死攸關(guān)的生死攸關(guān)的 Down-to-earth spirit is a necessity. Sharp words from a teacher can usually bring a day-dreaming student down-to-earth. honest or practical實(shí)事求是，腳踏實(shí)地實(shí)事求是，腳踏實(shí)地三、三、轉(zhuǎn)化法

8、轉(zhuǎn)化法（ Conversion ）由一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞性的詞。由一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞性的詞。He is a man with broad shoulders.We will shoulder the responsibilities at any time.n. v. take/bear So when someone has hurt you, calm yourself first. Take a couple of breaths, and think of something that gives you pleasureKeep in mind that forgiveness

9、 does not necessarily mean accepting the action of the person who upsets you.(2004NMET)calmupsetshurt Never trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.四、四、縮略法縮略法（ Abbreviation ）DVMVPSOSWWWDigital VideoMost Valuable PlayerSave Our ShipWorld Wide Web1It would be easy for someone to mispresent himself

10、on line because you cant see him. Thus someone who says that “she is a 12-year-old girl.”could really be an old man.What does the word “mispresent ” mean? Making a wrong judgment about Understanding somebody wrongly Giving a wrong description of Forming a wrong opinion aboutmis- sth. is done wrong o

11、r badlypresent vt. describe2.The computer also counts the loads and gives a signal by phone when the box is full. And a special piece of equipment breaks up the nonrecyclables.The word “nonrecyclables” probably means? nonrecycling papers things that can not be recycled anything can be recycled recyc

12、lable thingsrecycle v. v. 使再循環(huán)，回收利用使再循環(huán)，回收利用recyclable adj. 可回收利用的可回收利用的nonrecyclable n. 不能回收利用的東西不能回收利用的東西3. Another myth about eyes is that they can be transplanted. It is quite difficult to connect an eyeball to a new brainThe word “transplant” probably means? To transport from one place to another To translate from one part to another To move from one part of the body to another To change one form to another.trans- changetr