六西格瑪綠帶課程_測(cè)量階段（64頁(yè))ppt課件

1、1丈量階段(measure)問(wèn)題的如今情況？Measure丈量Analyze分析Improve改良Control控制丈量系統(tǒng)分析Define定義確定丈量目的流程才干分析.學(xué)習(xí)目的 測(cè)定的重要性了解，與PROCESS相關(guān)的測(cè)定對(duì)象的明確化 保證搜集數(shù)據(jù)的準(zhǔn)確性 現(xiàn)水準(zhǔn)的 Sigma 水準(zhǔn)確認(rèn)學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容1. 制造細(xì)節(jié)流程圖2. 找出相關(guān)因子X3. 丈量系統(tǒng)分析4. 流程才干分析5. 評(píng)審工程目的.細(xì)節(jié)流程圖.誰(shuí)來(lái)繪制流程圖.流程圖中的符號(hào).細(xì)節(jié)流程圖：識(shí)別關(guān)鍵的輸入和輸出.繪制細(xì)節(jié)流程圖.繪制細(xì)節(jié)流程圖.繪制細(xì)節(jié)流程圖.繪制細(xì)節(jié)流程圖.繪制細(xì)節(jié)流程圖的本卷須知.練習(xí)與討論.用魚骨圖找因子.通常采用頭

2、腦風(fēng)暴法Brain Storming繪制魚骨圖魚骨圖又叫做特性要因圖(Cause & Effect)魚骨圖的分類方法+Price我們通常根據(jù)細(xì)節(jié)流程圖來(lái)做魚骨圖.案例分析.魚骨圖.潛在因子 Association Table Rank%Rank 水量不足 9 9 8160.4 存放時(shí)間長(zhǎng)0 9 3626.9Output變量(Ys)客戶滿足度相關(guān)性因子排序Y, Xs的關(guān)系Weight 54.Spec5分 10分次數(shù)每20個(gè) 10回離散形延續(xù)形對(duì)象工程Y的類型樣品大小Theme名假因子搜集時(shí)間搜集方法工廠援助SVC縮短 Cycle Time星期, AM/PM, Step, 外注通報(bào)書1999. 1

3、. 20 1. 25經(jīng)過(guò)觀查記錄Data離散形 / 延續(xù)形200個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)搜集方案書1) 目的 有意義的 Data的搜集 合理的 Data的搜集 必要的一切 Data的搜集2) Data 搜集方案制造例Data 調(diào)查方案書搜集人 丈量?jī)x器手表.丈量系統(tǒng)分析.丈量系統(tǒng)分析.丈量系統(tǒng)分析.丈量系統(tǒng)分析.丈量系統(tǒng)分析.延續(xù)型數(shù)據(jù)的Gage R&R分析.延續(xù)型數(shù)據(jù)的Gage R&R分析.延續(xù)型數(shù)據(jù)的Gage R&R分析.延續(xù)型數(shù)據(jù)的Gage R&R分析.Gage R&R分析Minitab的運(yùn)用.Gage R&R分析Minitab的運(yùn)用.Gage R&R分析Minitab的運(yùn)用.Gage R&R分析Mini

4、tab的運(yùn)用.Gage R&R分析Minitab的運(yùn)用.練習(xí)與討論 利用曾經(jīng)給出的直尺丈量以下十條直線的長(zhǎng)度 (SPEC.:102 )進(jìn)展Gage R&R 分析并對(duì)結(jié)果進(jìn)展分析和改良123456789100123456789101112.練習(xí)與討論.練習(xí)與討論.離散型數(shù)據(jù)的認(rèn)同一致性分析.12測(cè) 量 者 A1 2G GG G測(cè) 量 者 B1 2G GG G3NG GG G4567NG NGG GG GNG NGNG NGG GG GNG NG8NG NGG G9101112G GG GG GG GG GG GG GG G13G NGG G14151617181920G GG GG GG GG

5、GG GG GG GG GG GG GG GG GG G離散型數(shù)據(jù)的認(rèn)同一致性分析 用眼丈量丈量者對(duì)同一情況做的每次判別都一致的時(shí)候,以為是認(rèn)同一致的.離散型數(shù)據(jù)的認(rèn)同一致性分析.離散型數(shù)據(jù)的認(rèn)同一致性分析.離散型數(shù)據(jù)的認(rèn)同一致性分析.離散型數(shù)據(jù)的認(rèn)同一致性分析.丈量系統(tǒng)分析.丈量系統(tǒng)分析.流程才干分析的目的.流程才干分析的步驟1. 數(shù)據(jù)搜集2. 確認(rèn)異常緣由3. 確認(rèn)程度.數(shù)據(jù)搜集 利用Sample Data對(duì)全部 Data引導(dǎo)結(jié)論 節(jié)省搜集所用Data的時(shí)間與費(fèi)用1) 目的2) 方法 隨即抽樣法 層別抽樣法根本統(tǒng)計(jì)量平均 Cycle time (x)缺陷數(shù)缺陷率規(guī)范偏向(s).流程的異常.

6、普遍緣由的動(dòng)搖.異常緣由的動(dòng)搖.異常緣由舉例.Probability50607080Y確認(rèn)異常數(shù)據(jù)的方法1. 正態(tài)性確認(rèn) (Minitab利用)命令: Stat Basic Stat. Normality TestNormal Probability Plot.95.01.001Average: 64.235Std Dev: 6.79712N of data: 200結(jié)論* P-value是 0.05以上的形狀Kolmogorov-Smirnov Normality TestD+: 0.043 D-: 0.021 D : 0.043Approximate

7、p value 0.15 可以判別為正規(guī)分布.確認(rèn)異常數(shù)據(jù)的方法2. 直方圖確認(rèn) (Minitab利用)命令: Graph Histogram 異常型 -包括從分布的剩余移開的數(shù)據(jù)不要思索移開的現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí),可以看成有正規(guī)曲線的曲線。異常點(diǎn)發(fā)生的緣由推算之后除去 雙豐型 - 兩個(gè)的中心的分布.象這樣的分布 Sub Grouping沒(méi)有正常時(shí)發(fā)生。詳細(xì)看時(shí)可以看出此圖包括兩個(gè)正態(tài)分布 Flat 有一個(gè)中心，由于從中心點(diǎn)邊沒(méi)有下降所以稱為Flat，此資料沒(méi)有正常層次別分，有過(guò)度的分布。 偏移形 有一個(gè)中心，兩處都有減少，但外形不對(duì)應(yīng)。此分布是有一處存在非正規(guī)分布。 Bunched at Extremes

8、- 中央有中心，兩處底或者一處中心.此圖只能表示記錄實(shí)數(shù)。Bunched at Extremes Histogram的非正態(tài)分布的類型.流程才干分析Data的種類離散形Unit, Defect, 缺陷對(duì)象工程定義DPU, DPO, DPMO計(jì)算Z值分散邊續(xù)形平均, 規(guī)范偏向計(jì)算Cp, Cpk 計(jì)算Z值分散.顧客要求水準(zhǔn)延續(xù)型數(shù)據(jù)流程才干分析工程才干指數(shù)(Cp, Cpk) 計(jì)算 Cp的了解最大值(+3)VS最小值(-3)顧客的要求水準(zhǔn)6 X 規(guī)范偏向| USL-LSL |6 X 結(jié)果物Cp =Cp =.k = 顧客的要求水準(zhǔn) / 2延續(xù)型數(shù)據(jù)流程才干分析 Cpk 了解LSLUSLkCp = 2.

9、0Cp = 1.33Cp = 0.6Cp中思索 kCpk = Cp(1 k)| 平均 目的值 | T| USL-LSL |/ 2=.延續(xù)型數(shù)據(jù)流程才干分析短期的流程才干判斷為短期內(nèi)工序沒(méi)有外部影響ZststCp技術(shù)最正確條件下的工序才干6 ： Zst=6.0，Cp=2.0Zst=3Cp長(zhǎng)期的流程才干判斷為充分長(zhǎng)時(shí)期內(nèi)工序有外部影響Zlt lt Cpk技術(shù)+工序管理日常條件下的工序才干6 ：Zlt=4.5，Cpk=1.5Zlt=3 Cpk長(zhǎng)期內(nèi)的工序才干因工序的中心挪動(dòng)而不同.Zshift=Zst-Zlt普遍以為 Zshift=1.5以內(nèi)是可以接受的.ABC延續(xù)型數(shù)據(jù)流程才干分析4 Block

10、Diagram(四方圖分析)2.52.01.51.00.5PoorGoodZ shift工序管理123456PoorGood技術(shù)Z st.5101520253035LSLUSL延續(xù)型數(shù)據(jù)流程才干分析 Minitab 的 MenuStat Quality Tools Capability Analysis(Normal)Process Capability Analysis for C9USLTargetLSLMeanSample NStDev (ST)StDev (LT)CpCPUCPLCpkCpmPpPPUPPLPpkPPM USLPPM TotalPPM USLPPM TotalPPM U

11、SLPPM Total15.0000*5.000020.9444903.445815.212640.48-0.581.54-0.58*0.32-0.381.02-0.380.00844444.44844444.441.85957747.08957748.941111.10872938.35874049.45Process DataPotential (ST) CapabilityOverall (LT) CapabilityObserved Perf ormanceExpected ST Perf ormanceExpected LT Perf ormanceSTLT.DPMO3.42336，

12、21066，807308，537Z65432離散型數(shù)據(jù)流程才干分析 上面講的都是對(duì)于延續(xù)型Data的分析，對(duì)于離散型Data也可以用 Z 值來(lái)表現(xiàn)實(shí)踐的產(chǎn)質(zhì)量量或效力質(zhì)量DPU (Defect Per Unit)平均每個(gè)單位Unit的缺陷Defect數(shù)DPO (Defect Per Opportunity)平均每個(gè)時(shí)機(jī)Opportunity的缺陷數(shù)DPMO (Defect Per Million Opportunity Unit)平均每百萬(wàn)個(gè)時(shí)機(jī)的缺陷數(shù)一切Unit中的Defect數(shù)一切Unit數(shù)一切Unit中的Defect數(shù)一切Unit數(shù)每個(gè)Unit的Opportunity數(shù)DPU =DPO

13、 =DPMO = DPO1,000,000DPMO與Z值轉(zhuǎn)化簡(jiǎn)表計(jì)算出DPMO后可以查表求出相應(yīng)的Z值* 此表查得的Z值為Zst 值,長(zhǎng)期Z lt=Z st+1.5.工程目的的評(píng)審.附錄2:正態(tài)分布表Z00.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.05.00E-014.96E-014.92E-014.88E-014.84E-014.80E-014.76E-014.72E-014.68E-014.64E-010.14.60E-014.56E-014.52E-014.48E-014.44E-014.40E-014.36E-014.33E-014.29E-014.25

14、E-010.24.21E-014.17E-014.13E-014.09E-014.05E-014.01E-013.97E-013.94E-013.90E-013.86E-010.33.82E-013.78E-013.74E-013.71E-013.67E-013.63E-013.59E-013.56E-013.52E-013.48E-010.43.45E-013.41E-013.37E-013.34E-013.30E-013.26E-013.23E-013.19E-013.16E-013.12E-010.53.09E-013.05E-013.02E-012.98E-012.95E-012.91

15、E-012.88E-012.84E-012.81E-012.78E-010.62.74E-012.71E-012.68E-012.64E-012.61E-012.58E-012.55E-012.51E-012.48E-012.45E-010.72.42E-012.39E-012.36E-012.33E-012.30E-012.27E-012.24E-012.21E-012.18E-012.15E-010.82.12E-012.09E-012.06E-012.03E-012.00E-011.98E-011.95E-011.92E-011.89E-011.87E-010.91.84E-011.81

16、E-011.79E-011.76E-011.74E-011.71E-011.69E-011.66E-011.64E-011.61E-011.01.59E-011.56E-011.54E-011.52E-011.49E-011.47E-011.45E-011.42E-011.40E-011.38E-011.11.36E-011.33E-011.31E-011.29E-011.27E-011.25E-011.23E-011.21E-011.19E-011.17E-011.21.15E-011.13E-011.11E-011.09E-011.07E-011.06E-011.04E-011.02E-0

17、11.00E-019.85E-021.39.68E-029.51E-029.34E-029.18E-029.01E-028.85E-028.69E-028.53E-028.38E-028.23E-021.48.08E-027.93E-027.78E-027.64E-027.49E-027.35E-027.21E-027.08E-026.94E-026.81E-021.56.68E-026.55E-026.43E-026.30E-026.18E-026.06E-025.94E-025.82E-025.71E-025.59E-021.65.48E-025.37E-025.26E-025.16E-0

18、25.05E-024.95E-024.85E-024.75E-024.65E-024.55E-021.74.46E-024.36E-024.27E-024.18E-024.09E-024.01E-023.92E-023.84E-023.75E-023.67E-021.83.59E-023.51E-023.44E-023.36E-023.29E-023.22E-023.14E-023.07E-023.01E-022.94E-021.92.87E-022.81E-022.74E-022.68E-022.62E-022.56E-022.50E-022.44E-022.39E-022.33E-022.

19、02.28E-022.22E-022.17E-022.12E-022.07E-022.02E-021.97E-021.92E-021.88E-021.83E-022.11.79E-021.74E-021.70E-021.66E-021.62E-021.58E-021.54E-021.50E-021.46E-021.43E-022.21.39E-021.36E-021.32E-021.29E-021.25E-021.22E-021.19E-021.16E-021.13E-021.10E-022.31.07E-021.04E-021.02E-029.90E-039.64E-039.39E-039.

20、14E-038.89E-038.66E-038.42E-032.48.20E-037.98E-037.76E-037.55E-037.34E-037.14E-036.95E-036.76E-036.57E-036.39E-032.56.21E-036.04E-035.87E-035.70E-035.54E-035.39E-035.23E-035.08E-034.94E-034.80E-032.64.66E-034.53E-034.40E-034.27E-034.15E-034.02E-033.91E-033.79E-033.68E-033.57E-032.73.47E-033.36E-033.

21、26E-033.17E-033.07E-032.98E-032.89E-032.80E-032.72E-032.64E-032.82.56E-032.48E-032.40E-032.33E-032.26E-032.19E-032.12E-032.05E-031.99E-031.93E-032.91.87E-031.81E-031.75E-031.70E-031.64E-031.59E-031.54E-031.49E-031.44E-031.40E-033.01.35E-031.31E-031.26E-031.22E-031.18E-031.14E-031.11E-031.07E-031.04E

22、-031.00E-033.19.68E-049.36E-049.04E-048.74E-048.45E-048.16E-047.89E-047.62E-047.36E-047.11E-043.26.87E-046.64E-046.41E-046.19E-045.98E-045.77E-045.57E-045.38E-045.19E-045.01E-043.34.83E-044.67E-044.50E-044.34E-044.19E-044.04E-043.90E-043.76E-043.62E-043.50E-043.43.37E-043.25E-043.13E-043.02E-042.91E

23、-042.80E-042.70E-042.60E-042.51E-042.42E-043.52.33E-042.24E-042.16E-042.08E-042.00E-041.93E-041.85E-041.79E-041.72E-041.65E-043.61.59E-041.53E-041.47E-041.42E-041.36E-041.31E-041.26E-041.21E-041.17E-041.12E-043.71.08E-041.04E-049.97E-059.59E-059.21E-058.86E-058.51E-058.18E-057.85E-057.55E-053.87.25E

24、-056.96E-056.69E-056.42E-056.17E-055.92E-055.68E-055.46E-055.24E-055.03E-053.94.82E-054.63E-054.44E-054.26E-054.09E-053.92E-053.76E-053.61E-053.46E-053.32E-054.03.18E-053.05E-052.92E-052.80E-052.68E-052.57E-052.47E-052.36E-052.26E-052.17E-054.12.08E-051.99E-051.91E-051.82E-051.75E-051.67E-051.60E-05

25、1.53E-051.47E-051.40E-054.21.34E-051.29E-051.23E-051.18E-051.13E-051.08E-051.03E-059.86E-069.43E-069.01E-064.38.62E-068.24E-067.88E-067.53E-067.20E-066.88E-066.57E-066.28E-066.00E-065.73E-064.45.48E-065.23E-065.00E-064.77E-064.56E-064.35E-064.16E-063.97E-063.79E-063.62E-064.53.45E-063.29E-063.14E-06

26、3.00E-062.86E-062.73E-062.60E-062.48E-062.37E-062.26E-064.62.15E-062.05E-061.96E-061.87E-061.78E-061.70E-061.62E-061.54E-061.47E-061.40E-064.71.33E-061.27E-061.21E-061.15E-061.10E-061.05E-069.96E-079.48E-079.03E-078.59E-074.88.18E-077.79E-077.41E-077.05E-076.71E-076.39E-076.08E-075.78E-075.50E-075.2

27、3E-074.94.98E-074.73E-074.50E-074.28E-074.07E-073.87E-073.68E-073.50E-073.32E-073.16E-07.附錄2:正態(tài)分布表Z5.06.07.08.09.010.00.012.85E-071.71E-071.01E-075.95E-083.47E-082.0

28、1E-081.16E-086.60E-093.74E-092.11E-091.18E-096.54E-103.61E-101.98E-101.08E-105.88E-113.18E-111.71E-119.13E-124.86E-122.58E-121.36E-127.16E-133.76E-131.96E-131.02E-135.32E-142.76E-141.42E-147.35E-153.79E-151.95E-159.99E-165.12E-162.62E-161.34E-166.87E-173.51E-171.79E-179.16E-184.68E-182.39E-181.22E-1

29、86.24E-193.19E-191.63E-198.37E-204.29E-202.20E-201.13E-205.82E-210.022.71E-071.62E-079.59E-085.64E-083.29E-081.90E-081.09E-086.24E-093.53E-091.99E-091.11E-096.17E-103.40E-101.87E-101.02E-105.53E-112.98E-111.60E-118.57E-124.56E-122.42E-121.28E-126.72E-133.52E-131.84E-139.58E-144.98E-142.58E-141.33E-1

30、46.88E-153.54E-151.82E-159.35E-164.79E-162.45E-161.26E-166.42E-173.28E-171.68E-178.56E-184.37E-182.23E-181.14E-185.83E-192.98E-191.53E-197.82E-204.01E-202.06E-201.06E-205.44E-210.032.58E-071.54E-079.10E-085.34E-083.11E-081.80E-081.03E-085.89E-093.34E-091.88E-091.05E-095.81E-103.21E-101.76E-109.59E-1

31、15.20E-112.81E-111.51E-118.05E-124.28E-122.27E-121.20E-126.30E-133.30E-131.72E-138.98E-144.66E-142.42E-141.25E-146.44E-153.31E-151.70E-158.74E-164.48E-162.30E-161.17E-166.00E-173.07E-171.57E-178.00E-184.09E-182.09E-181.07E-185.46E-192.79E-191.43E-197.32E-203.75E-201.93E-209.90E-215.09E-210.042.45E-0

32、71.46E-078.63E-085.06E-082.95E-081.70E-089.78E-095.57E-093.15E-091.77E-099.88E-105.48E-103.02E-101.66E-109.02E-114.89E-112.64E-111.42E-117.56E-124.02E-122.13E-121.12E-125.90E-133.09E-131.62E-138.41E-144.37E-142.26E-141.17E-146.02E-153.10E-151.59E-158.18E-164.19E-162.15E-161.10E-165.61E-172.87E-171.4

33、7E-177.48E-183.82E-181.95E-189.98E-195.10E-192.61E-191.34E-196.85E-203.51E-201.80E-209.26E-214.77E-210.052.32E-071.39E-078.18E-084.08E-082.97E-081.61E-089.24E-095.26E-092.97E-091.67E-099.31E-105.16E-102.84E-101.56E-108.49E-114.60E-112.48E-111.33E-117.10E-123.77E-122.00E-121.05E-125.54E-132.90E-131.5

34、1E-137.87E-144.09E-142.12E-141.09E-145.64E-152.90E-151.49E-157.65E-163.92E-162.01E-161.03E-165.25E-172.68E-171.37E-177.00E-183.57E-181.83E-189.33E-194.77E-192.44E-191.25E-196.40E-203.28E-201.69E-208.67E-214.46E-210.062.21E-071.31E-077.76E-084.55E-082.64E-081.53E-088.74E-094.97E-092.81E-091.58E-098.7

35、8E-104.87E-102.68E-101.47E-107.98E-114.32E-112.33E-111.25E-116.66E-123.54E-121.87E-129.88E-135.19E-132.72E-131.42E-137.38E-143.83E-141.98E-141.02E-145.28E-152.72E-151.40E-157.16E-163.67E-161.88E-169.60E-174.91E-172.51E-171.28E-176.54E-183.34E-181.71E-188.73E-194.46E-192.28E-191.17E-195.99E-203.07E-2

36、01.58E-208.11E-214.17E-210.072.10E-071.25E-077.36E-084.31E-082.50E-081.44E-088.26E-094.70E-092.65E-091.49E-098.28E-104.59E-102.52E-101.38E-107.51E-114.07E-112.19E-111.17E-116.26E-123.32E-121.76E-129.26E-134.86E-132.55E-131.33E-136.91E-143.58E-141.86E-149.58E-154.94E-152.54E-151.31E-156.69E-163.43E-161.76E-168.98E-174.59E-172.35E-171.20E-176.12E-183.13E-181.60E-188.16E-194.17E-192.14E-191.09E-195.60E-202.87E-201.48E-207.59E-213.91E-210.081.99E-071.18E