分子生物學詞匯(A4)

1、分子生物學詞匯（A4）分子生物學詞匯（A4）分子生物學詞匯（A4）antigen抗原antigencrosslinking抗原交聯(lián)antigendeterminant抗原決定簇antigenexcess抗體過量antigenmimicking抗原模擬antigenmimicry抗原模擬antigenpresentation抗原呈遞antigenpresenting抗原呈遞antigenpresentingcell抗原呈遞細胞，呈遞抗原細胞antigenprocessing抗原力口工antigenreceptor抗原受體antigenrecognition抗原識另Uantigenselectio

2、n抗原選擇antigenicdeterminant抗原決定簇antigenicdrift抗原（性）漂移antigenicheterogeneity抗原異質(zhì)性antigenicshift抗原（性）轉(zhuǎn)變antigenicstimulation抗原刺激antigenicvariation抗原（性）變異antigenicity抗原性antigenizedantibody抗原化抗體antigenome反基因組antiglobulinantibodytest抗球蛋白抗體試驗antiglobulintest抗球蛋白試驗antihemophilicfactor抗血友病因子antihistamine抗組胺（齊U

3、）antihormone抗激素antihydrophobicagent抗疏水齊Uantihypertensive抗高血壓劑antiinflammatoryaction抗炎作用antiluteolyticprotein抗黃體溶解蛋白antilymphaticserum抗淋巴（細胞）血清antilysin抗溶（菌）素antimetabolite抗代謝物antimicrobialagent抗微生物劑antimicrobialpeptide抗生物肽antimony鑲antimutanen抗突變齊Uantimutator抗突變基因antimycin抗霉素antimycoticimmunity抗真菌免疫a

4、ntineoplasticagent抗腫瘤齊L抗癌齊Uantioncogene抗癌基因antioxidant抗氧化齊Uantioxidantenzyme抗氧化酶antiozonant防臭氧劑Jantipain抗蛋白酶antiparallel反平行；反平行的antiparasiticimmunity抗寄生蟲免疫antiplasmin抗纖溶酶antipodalcell反足細胞antipodalnucleus反足核antiport反向轉(zhuǎn)運，對向轉(zhuǎn)運antiproliferative抗增殖的antiproliferativeactivity抗增殖活性antipsychotics抗精神病藥物antipy

5、rine安替比林antiradiationeffect抗輻射效應(yīng)antirepression抗阻抑（作用）antirepressor抗阻抑物antisense反義硫代磷酸反義dnaantisensedna反義dnaantisensednaphosphorothioate反義寡（脫氧）核甘酸antisenseoligodeoxynucleotideantisenseoligonucleotide反義寡核甘酸antisenserna反義rnaantisensestrand反義鏈antisepsis防腐antiseptic消毒劑，防腐劑antisera抗血清（復(fù)數(shù)）antiserum抗血清antis

6、treptolysinotest抗鏈球菌溶血素o試驗antithrombin抗凝血酶antithrombotics抗凝劑，抗凝物antitoxin抗毒素antitranspirant抗蒸騰齊Uantitumoragent抗腫瘤劑，抗癌劑antitumorantibiotics抗腫瘤抗生素antitumordrug抗腫瘤藥物，抗癌藥antiviral抗病毒的；抗病毒劑，抗病毒藥物antiviralactivity抗病毒活性antiviralagent抗病毒齊Uantiviraldrug抗病毒藥物antiviralimmunity抗病毒免疫antiviralpeptide抗病毒肽antiviral

7、therapy抗病毒治療antoantibody自身抗體ap激活蛋白apendonuc,le,ase脫喋吟口密咤內(nèi)切核酸酶apsite脫喋吟喀咤位點，無喋吟喀咤位點apamin蜂毒明肽apatite磷灰石aperiodicalcoil無規(guī)卷曲apex噬菌體頂部aphid觀蟲aphidocolin觀腸霉素來自觀腸頭抱素apicalcapsomer噬菌體頂部殼粒apicalcell頂端細胞apicaldominance頂端優(yōu)勢apicalgrowth頂端生長apicalinitial頂端原始細胞apicalmeristemaplanogameteaplanosporebaplasmomycinap

8、lasticanemiaaplysia雨虎屬頂端分生組織不動配子不動抱子除瘧霉素再生障礙性貧血apneusticcenter長吸中樞用于神經(jīng)生物學apocalmodulin脫鈣鈣調(diào)蛋白apochromaticlens全色消差透鏡apocrine頂質(zhì)分泌，頂泌apoenzyme脫輔酶apofacialreaction反面反應(yīng)apoferritin脫鐵鐵蛋白apogamogony無融合結(jié)實apogamy無酉己（子）生殖apolaraproticsolvent非極性非質(zhì)子溶劑apolarinteraction非極性相互作用apolipoprotein載脂蛋白分為載脂蛋白a、b、e等apomeiosi

9、s未減數(shù)抱子生殖apomict無融合生殖體apomixis無融合生殖apoplast質(zhì)外體，離質(zhì)體apoplastictranslocation質(zhì)外體運輸apoprotein脫輔蛋白質(zhì)apoptosis編程性細胞死亡，細胞程序死亡aporphine阿樸啡aporphinealkaloid阿樸啡（類）生物堿apospory無抱子生殖apotransferrin脫鐵運鐵蛋白apotroposin脫鈣肌鈣蛋白apparatus裝置；器（官）apparentactivationenergy表觀活化能apparentdensity視密度apparentinfection顯性感染apparentmolar

10、mass表觀摩爾質(zhì)量apparentmolecularweight表觀分子量apparentosmoticspace表觀透空間apparentphotosynthesis凈光合apparentviscosity表觀粘度applestemgroovingvirus蘋果凹莖病毒appliedbiology應(yīng)用生物學appositiongrowth敷著生長見于植物apramycin阿泊啦霉素，暗霉素第二成分apron圍裙aproticsolvent非質(zhì)子溶齊Uaprotinin商抑蛋白酶肽即胰kunitz胰蛋白酶抑制劑，為58個氨基酸的堿性肽apurinicacid脫喋吟核酸apvgaulinpre

11、ss商apvgaulin（細胞）壓碎機apvhomogenizer商apv勻漿器apvpress商apv（細胞）壓碎器apyrenesperm無核精子apyrimidinicacid脫喀咤核酸aquaculture水培aquatic水的；水生的，水生生物aquaticbacteria水生移田）菌aquaticbiology水生生物學aqueous水的，含水的aqueouspartitioning水相分酉已aqueousphase水相aqueoussolutionpolymerization水溶液聚合aqueoustwophaseartitioningsystem水兩相分酉己系統(tǒng)aqueoust

12、wophasesystem水兩相系統(tǒng)araoperon阿（拉伯）糖操縱子araban阿拉伯聚糖arabidopisthaliana擬南芥v植物學名arabinogalactan阿拉伯半孚L聚糖arabinose阿拉伯糖arachidicacid花生酸，二十（烷）酸arachidonicacid花生四烯酸，順-5,8,11,14-二十四烯酸arachnoid蛛網(wǎng)膜arbitrarilyprimedpcr任意引物pcrarbitrationanalysis仲裁分析arbovirus蟲媒病毒arc?。浑娀rchenteron原腸archeobacteria古名田菌archesporium抱原名田胞

13、architecture結(jié)構(gòu)arenavirus沙粒病毒科名用arenaviridaeargininase精氨酸酶arginine精氨酸argininefork精氨酸叉與rna的識別有關(guān)argininevasopressin精氨酸升壓素，精氨酸加壓素argininevasotocin精催產(chǎn)素，精力口壓催產(chǎn)素argininosuccinicacid精氨（基）琥珀酸argon氨aril假種皮arithmeticaveragedeviation算術(shù)平均偏差arithmeticmean算術(shù)均數(shù)arm臂如染色體臂、噬菌體臂、連接臂等;桿armratio染色體臂比armyworm粘蟲如草地貪夜蛾arnol

14、dsteamsterilizer流通蒸汽滅菌器aromatic芳香（族）氨基酸aromaticcompound芳香（族）化合物aromatichydrocarbon芳（香）炫aromatichydrocarbonreceptor芳（香）炫受體array數(shù)組；列陣；一批arrest抑制；扣留；停滯arrestin視紫紅質(zhì)抑制蛋白可與視紫紅質(zhì)結(jié)合，使其受體與轉(zhuǎn)導素解偶聯(lián)arrheniusequation阿倫尼烏斯方程arrheniustheory阿倫尼烏斯理論arrhenokaryon雄核，精核arrhenoplasm雄質(zhì)arrhenotoky產(chǎn)雄孤雌生殖arsenate碑酸鹽arsenic碑a(chǎn)r

15、senicacid碑酸arteriosclerosis動脈硬化arthropoda節(jié)肢動物門arthrospore節(jié)抱子articulin聯(lián)接蛋白一種膜骨架蛋白，見于小眼蟲artifact（人為）假象artificialcell人工細胞artificialchromosome人工染色體artificialculture人工培養(yǎng)artificialgene人工基因artificialinsemination人工受精artificialintelletual人工智能器artificialintelligence人工智能artificialmembrane人工膜artificialminichrom

16、osome人工微型染色體artificialparthenogenesis人工孤雌生殖artificialripening人工催熟artificialtransposon人工轉(zhuǎn)座子artivicialselection人工選擇aryl芳基arylcation芳正離子arylhydrocarbon芳（香）炫arylhydrocarbonhydroxylase芳（香）炫羥化酶arylhydrocarbonreceptor芳（香）炫受體arylsulfatase芳基硫酸酯酶arylation芳基化asa乙酰水楊酸ascarite燒堿石棉ascending activating system上行激活系

17、統(tǒng)用于神經(jīng)生物學ascendingdevelopment上行展開法ascertainment確定，確認asci子囊（復(fù)數(shù)）ascites腹水a(chǎn)scitictumor腹水瘤ascomycetes子囊菌綱名用ascomycetesascorbicacid抗壞血酸ascospore子囊抱子ascus子囊asepsis無菌aseptic無菌的aseptictechnique無菌操作aseptictissueculture無菌組織培養(yǎng)asexualflower無性花asexualgeneration無性世代asexualhybridization無性雜交asexualreproduction無性生殖as

18、exualspore無性抱子ash灰分ashcontent灰分含量，含灰量asialoglycoprotein脫唾液酸糖蛋白asialoorosomucoid脫唾液酸血清類粘蛋白asiaticoside積雪草皂昔asparaginase天冬酰胺酶asparaginate天冬酰胺asparagine天冬酰胺asparaginesynthetase天冬酰胺合成酶aspartame天冬苯丙二肽酯，l-alfa-天冬酰胺-l-苯丙氨酸甲酯一種增甜劑aspartate天冬氨酸；天冬氨酸鹽、酯、根aspartateaminotransferase天冬氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酶aspartateprotease天冬氨酸蛋白

19、酶aspartatetranscarbamylase天冬氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨甲酰酶asparticacid天冬氨酸asparticprotease天冬氨酸蛋白酶aspartylhydroxamate天冬氨酸異羥肪酸aspergillin曲霉菌素aspergillus曲霉屬aspergillusniger黑曲霉aspertoxin曲霉毒素aspiration吸（出），抽吸aspirin阿司匹林，乙酰水楊酸asporogenousyeast無抱子酵母菌assay分析，測定，試驗assembledepitope裝酉己型表位assemblin次晶（形成）蛋白骨骼肌的一種微管相關(guān)蛋白，可形成次晶assembly裝酉

20、己，組裝assemblyprotein裝酉已蛋白（質(zhì)）assessment評估，估價assignment排布assignmentofconfiguration構(gòu)型排布assimilate同化（產(chǎn)）物assimilatingtissue同化組織assimilation同化（作用）assimilatorycoefficient同化商assimilatorypower同化力assimilatoryquotient同化商associatedvirus伴隨病毒association締合，結(jié)合；關(guān)聯(lián)，相關(guān)associationarea大腦皮層聯(lián)絡(luò)區(qū)associationconstant締合常數(shù)associ

21、ationenergy締合能associationneuron聯(lián)絡(luò)神經(jīng)元associationreaction締合反應(yīng)assortativemating選型交酉已astacin龍蝦肽酶，龍蝦素一種含鋅的內(nèi)肽酶astaxanthin變胞藻黃素aster星體asthema哮喘astralfiber星射線，星體絲astralmitosis有星有絲分裂astralray星射線，星體絲astrocenter星心體astrocyte星形細胞astrosphere星體球astrovirus星狀病毒asymbioticnitrogenfixation非共生固氮（作用）asymbioticnitrogenfix

22、er非共生固氮生物asymmetric不對稱的asymmetricatom不對稱原子asymmetriccarbon不對稱碳asymmetriccelldivision細胞不對稱分裂asymmetriclabeling不對稱標記asymmetricpcr不對稱pcr引物用量不對稱的pcrasymmetricsegregation不對稱分離asymmetricsynthesis不對稱合成asymmetry不對稱asynapsis不聯(lián)會asynapticgene不聯(lián)會基因attailingat力口尾atabrine阿的平atavism返祖atelocentricchromosome非端著絲粒染色體

23、atf轉(zhuǎn)錄激活因子atherosclerosis粥樣硬化athleticphysiology運動生理學atmosphere大氣；大氣壓；氣氛atmosphericoxidation空氣氧化atompercentexcess超量原子百分數(shù)atomicabsorptionspectroscopy原子吸收光譜atomiccoordinate原子坐標atomicemissionspectroscopy原子發(fā)射光譜atomicfluorescence原子熒光atomicfluorescencespectroscopy原子熒光光譜法atomicfractionalcoordinate原子份數(shù)坐標atomi

24、cmodel原子模型atomicnumber原子序（數(shù)）atomicorbital原子軌道atomicradius原子半徑atomicspectrum原子光譜atomicstructure原子結(jié)構(gòu)atomicthermalmotion原子熱運動atomicweight原子量atopy特應(yīng)性atpaseatp酶包括ca2+atp酶，h+atp酶，h+k+atp酶,na+k+atp酶等atractyloside蒼術(shù)昔atranorine黑茶漬素atrialnatriureticfacor心鈉素，心房心鈉素atrialnatriureticpeptide心房（鈉尿）肽，心鈉素atriopeptin心

25、鈉素（肽段）atrophy萎縮atropine阿托品atropisomer阻轉(zhuǎn)異構(gòu)體attachedcell貼壁細胞，附著細胞attachedxchromosome并連x染色體attachment吸附，附著，結(jié)合attachmentpoint附著點attachmentprotein吸附蛋白，附著蛋白attachmentsite附著位電attenuatedlivevaccine減毒活疫苗attenuatedstrain減毒株一般指毒力減弱的致病微生物，常用于活疫苗生產(chǎn)attenuatedvaccine減毒疫苗attenuation弱化（作用）；減毒（作用）attenuator弱化子，衰減子att

26、ractant引誘劑，吸引劑atypical非典型的audition聽覺augerelectron俄歇電子augerelectronspectroscopy俄歇電子能譜（學）augmentation增大，力口重augmentingresponse增大反應(yīng)auqeoussolution水溶液aureobasidioagglutinin金白蘑菇凝集素aureofungin金色制酶素aureomycin金霉素aurone橙酮，噢喳australiaantigen澳大利亞抗原，澳抗autapse自身突觸autarchicgene自效基因authentic真的，真實的，真正的authenticity真實

27、性，可靠性autoalloploid同源異源（倍）體autoallopolyploid同源異源多倍體autoanalysis自動分析autoanalyzer商自動分析儀technicon公司商標autoantigen自身抗原autoautorhythmiccell自律組）胞autobivalent同源二價染色體autocatalysis自催化autocatalyticreplication自催化復(fù)制autochaperoning自陪伴（作用）同一蛋白質(zhì)內(nèi)的某些肽段（多位于n端）對該蛋白折疊的陪伴作用autoclave高壓滅菌器，高壓處理器autoclavetape高壓滅菌（指示）膠帶，高壓處理

28、（指示）膠帶autoclaving高壓（處理），高壓（滅菌）autocrine自分泌，自泌autocrineloop自分泌環(huán)autodecomposition自分解autodiploid同源二倍體，自體融合二倍體autodiploidization同源二倍化autoduplication自體復(fù)制autofertilization自體受精autofolding自折疊autogamy自體受精見于原生動物;自花受精見于植物;自配生殖autogenousregulation自調(diào)節(jié)autograft自體移植autographaCalifornia苜蓿銀紋夜蛾，苜蓿y紋夜蛾，苜蓿尺蟆autographaC

29、aliforniamultiplenuclearpolyhedrosisvirus苜蓿銀紋夜蛾多（核殼體）核型多角體病毒autographaCalifornianuclearpolyhedrosisvirus苜蓿專艮紋夜蛾核型多角體病毒autoheteroploid同源異倍體autoheteroploidy同源異倍體autoimmune自身免疫autoimmunedisease自身免疫病autoimmunity自身免疫性autoinjection自動進樣autoinoculation自身接種autolimitinginfection自限性感染autologousantigen自身抗原autol

30、ysate自溶物autolysin自溶素，自溶酶autolysis自溶現(xiàn)象autolyticenzyme自溶酶autolyzate自溶物automaticairlock自動氣鎖automaticanalyser自動分析儀automaticdnasequencerdna自動測序儀automaticdnasynthesizerdna自動合成儀automaticenzymeanalysis自動酶（法）分析automaticmicropipettor自動微量移液器automaticparthenocarpy自發(fā)單性結(jié)實automaticpeptidesequencer肽自動測序儀automaticpe

31、ptidesynthesizer肽自動合成儀automaticpipetrinser移液器自動清洗儀automaticpipettingdevice自動移液器automaticpipettor自動移液器，自動微量移液器automaticproteinsequencer蛋白質(zhì)自動測序儀automaticsampler自動進樣器automaticsequencer自動測序儀automaticsequencing自動測序automaticsynthesis自動合成自主性體溫調(diào)節(jié)automaticsynthesizer自動合成儀automaticthermoregulationautomatictit

32、ration自動滴定automaticity自動節(jié)律性automixis自體融合autonomicnervoussystem自主神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)autonomicparthenocarpy自發(fā)單性結(jié)實autonomousintron自主內(nèi)含子autonomousplasmid自主質(zhì)粒autonomouslyfoldingunit自動折疊單位autonomouslyreplicatingplasmid自主復(fù)制質(zhì)粒autonomouslyreplicatingsequence自主復(fù)制序歹！Jautonomouslyreplicationgvector自主復(fù)制載體autoparthenogenesis自發(fā)單

33、性生殖autophagicvacuole自（體吞）噬泡autophagosome自（體吞）噬體autophagy自（體吞）噬autophosphorylation自（身）磷酸化autophyte自養(yǎng)植物autopolyhaploid同源多倍單倍體autopolyploid同源多倍體autopolyploidy同源多倍性autoprecipitation自沉淀autoproteolyticcleavage自我蛋白酶解autoradiogram放射自顯影圖autoradiograph放射自顯影圖autoradiography放射自顯影（術(shù)）autoradiographyenhancerspray放

34、射自顯影增效噴霧齊autoradiolysis自輻射autoreceptor自身受體autoregulation自調(diào)節(jié)，自身調(diào)節(jié)autorhymicity自動節(jié)律性，自律性autosampler自動進樣器autosomaldominantinheritance常染色體顯形遺傳autosomalinheritance常染色體遺傳autosomalrecessiveinheritance常染色體隱形遺傳autosome常染色體autosynapsis同源聯(lián)會autosyndeticpairing同源配對autoteraploid同源四倍體autotetraploidy同源四倍性autotitrator自動滴定儀autotroph自養(yǎng)生物autotrophicbacteria自養(yǎng)名田菌autotrophicplant自養(yǎng)植物autotrophy自養(yǎng)（作用）autovaccine自身疫苗；自身菌苗autozygote同合子auxanogram生長譜auxanograph生長譜auxanography生長譜法，生長譜測定（法）加不同營養(yǎng)物于不完全培養(yǎng)基平板，根據(jù)細胞的生長情況確定其所需營養(yǎng)物auxiliaryprotein輔助蛋白（質(zhì)）auxilin輔助蛋白一種見于腦組織的網(wǎng)格蛋白相關(guān)蛋白auxi