全新版大學英語(第二版)綜合教程_第五冊_Unit1LoveofReading——OneWriterx27sBeginnings

1、Whatattitudesdidyourfamilyhavetowardreadingwhenyouwereachild?Didbookssurroundyou?Whichbooksdidyourparentsorotherrelativesreadtoyouorsuggestthatyouread?Howdidyoufeelaboutbooksasachildgrowingup?Readontoseeifyourexperiencesinanywaymatchthoseoftheauthor.當你還是個孩子時，你家人對閱讀持什么態(tài)度？你周圍可曾有各種書籍？父母親戚給你念哪些書？推薦你讀哪些書

2、？作為一個漸漸長大的孩子，你對書有些怎樣的感受？請讀本文，看看你的經歷是否與本文作者的經歷有相同之處。OneWritersBeginningsEudoraWeltyIlearnedfromtheageoftwoorthreethatanyroominourhouse,atanytimeofday,wastheretoreadin,ortobereadto.Mymotherreadtome.Shedreadtomeinthebigbedroominthemornings,whenwewereinherrockertogether,whichtickedinrhythmaswerocked,ast

3、houghwehadacricketaccompanyingthestory.Shedreadtomeinthediningroomonwinterafternoonsinfrontofthecoalfire,withourcuckooclockendingthestorywithCuckoo,andatnightwhenIdgotinmyownbed.Imusthavegivenhernopeace.Sometimesshereadtomeinthekitchenwhileshesatchurning,andthechurningsobbedalongwithanystory.Itwasmy

4、ambitiontohaveherreadtomewhileIchurned;onceshegrantedmywish,butshereadoffmystorybeforeIbroughtherbutter.Shewasanexpressivereader.WhenshewasreadingPussinBoots,forinstance,itwasimpossiblenottoknowthatshedistrustedallcats.作家起步時尤多拉威爾提我從兩三歲起就知道，家中隨便在哪個房間里，白天無論在什么時間，都可以念書或聽人念書。母親念書給我聽。上午她都在那間大臥室里給我念，兩人一起坐

5、在她那把搖椅里，我們搖晃時，椅子發(fā)出有節(jié)奏的滴答聲，好像有只唧唧鳴叫的蟋蟀在伴著讀故事。冬日午后，她常在餐廳里燒著煤炭的爐火前給我念，布谷鳥自鳴鐘發(fā)出“咕咕”聲時，故事便結束了；晚上我在自己床上睡下后她也給我念。想必我是不讓她有一刻清靜。有時她在廚房里一邊坐著攪制黃油一邊給我念，故事情節(jié)就隨著攪制黃油發(fā)出的抽抽搭搭的聲響不斷展開。我的奢望是她念我來攪拌；有一次她滿足了我的愿望，可是我要聽的故事她念完了，她要的黃油我卻還沒弄好。她念起故事來富有表情。比如，她念穿靴子的貓時，你就沒法不相信她對貓一概懷疑。Ithadbeenstartlinganddisappointingtometofindout

6、thatstorybookshadbeenwrittenbypeople,thatbookswerenotnaturalwonders,comingupofthemselveslikegrass.Yetregardlessofwheretheycamefrom,IcannotrememberatimewhenIwasnotinlovewiththemwiththebooksthemselves,coverandbindingandthepapertheywereprintedon,withtheirsmellandtheirweightandwiththeirpossessioninmyarm

7、s,capturedandcarriedofftomyself.Stillilliterate,Iwasreadyforthem,committedtoallthereadingIcouldgivethem.當我得知故事書原來是人寫出來的，書本原來不是什么大自然的奇跡，不像草那樣自生自長時，真是又震驚又失望。不過，姑且不論書本從何而來，我不記得自己有什么時候不愛書書本本身、封面、裝訂、印著文字的書頁，還有油墨味、那種沉甸甸的感覺，以及把書抱在懷里時那種將我征服、令我陶醉的感覺。還沒識字，我就想讀書了，一心想讀所有的書。Neitherofmyparentshadcomefromhomesthat

8、couldaffordtobuymanybooks,butthoughitmusthavebeensomethingofastrainonhissalary,astheyoungestofficerinayounginsurancecompany,myfatherwasallthewhilecarefullyselectingandorderingawayforwhatheandMotherthoughtwechildrenshouldgrowupwith.Theyboughtfirstforthefuture.我的父母都不是來自那種買得起許多書的家庭。然而，雖然買書準得花去他不少薪金，作為一

9、家成立不久的保險公司最年輕的職員，父親一直在精心挑選、不斷訂購他和母親認為兒童成長應讀的書。他們購書首先是為了我們的前程。Besidesthebookcaseinthelivingroom,whichwasalwayscalledthelibrary,thereweretheencyclopediatablesanddictionarystandunderwindowsinourdiningroom.HeretohelpusgrowuparguingaroundthediningroomtableweretheUnabridgedWebster,theColumbiaEncyclopedia,

10、ComptonsPicturedEncyclopedia,theLincolnLibraryofInformation,andlatertheBookofKnowledge.Inthelibrary,insidethebookcasewerebooksIcouldsoonbeginonandIdid,readingthemallalikeandastheycame,straightdowntheirrows,topshelftobottom.Mymotherreadsecondarilyforinformation;shesankasahedonistintonovels.ShereadDic

11、kensinthespiritinwhichshewouldhaveelopedwithhim.Thenovelsofhergirlhoodthathadstayedoninherimagination,besidesthoseofDickensandScottandRobertLouisStevenson,wereJaneEyre,Trilby,TheWomaninWhite,GreenMansions,KingSolomonsMines.除了客廳里有一向被稱作“圖書室”的書櫥，餐廳的窗子下還有幾張擺放百科全書的桌子和一個字典架。這里有伴隨我們在餐桌旁爭論著長大的韋氏大詞典、哥倫比亞百科全書

12、、康普頓插圖百科全書、林肯資料文庫，以及后來的知識庫?！皥D書館”書櫥里的書沒過多久我就能讀了我的確讀了，全都讀了，按著順序，一排接著一排讀，從最上面的書架一直讀到最下面的書架。母親讀書最重要的不在獲取信息。她是為了享受快樂而埋頭讀小說。她讀狄更斯時的神情簡直就像要跟他私奔似的。她少女時代讀的小說印在了她心頭的，除了狄更斯、司各特和羅伯特路易斯斯蒂文森等人的作品之外，還有簡愛切爾比、白衣女士、綠廈和所羅門王的礦藏。TobothmyparentsIowemyearlyacquaintancewithabelovedMarkTwain.TherewasafullsetofMarkTwainandas

13、hortsetofRingLardnerinourbookcase,andthosewerethevolumesthatintimeunitedusall,parentsandchildren.多虧了我的父母，我很早就接觸了受人喜愛的馬克吐溫。書櫥里有一整套馬克吐溫文集和一套不全的林拉德納作品集，這些書最終將父母和孩子聯(lián)結在一起。ReadingeverythingthatstoodbeforemewashowIcameuponawornoldbookthathadbelongedtomyfatherasachild.ItwascalledSanfordandMerton.Isthereanyo

14、neleftwhorecognizesit,Iwonder?ItisthefamousmoraltalewrittenbyThomasDayinthe1780s,butofhimnomentionismadeonthetitlepageofthisbook;hereitisSanfordandMertoninWordsofOneSyllablebyMaryGodolphin.HerearetherichboyandthepoorboyandMr.Barlow,theirteacherandinterlocutor,inlongdiscoursesalternatingwithdramatics

15、cenesangerandrescueallottedtotherichandthepoorrespectively.Itendswithnotonebuttwomorals,bothengravedonrings:Dowhatyouought,comewhatmay,andIfwewouldbegreat,wemustfirstlearntobegood.我一本接一本閱讀擺在我面前的書，讀著讀著便發(fā)現(xiàn)一本又破又舊的書，是我父親小時候的。書名是桑福徳與默頓。我不相信如今還有誰會記得這本書。那是托瑪斯戴在18世紀80年代撰寫的一本著名的進行道德教育的故事書，可該書的扉頁上并沒有提及他；上面寫的是

16、桑福徳與默頓簡易本，瑪麗戈多爾芬著。書中講的是一個富孩子和一個窮孩子與他們老師巴洛先生之間的冗長的談話，其間穿插著戲劇性場面分別寫了富孩子和窮孩子如何發(fā)火、如何獲救。書末講的道德寓意不是一條，而是兩條，都印在環(huán)形圖案里：“不管發(fā)生什么，該做的就去做”，還有“想做偉人，必須先學會做個好人”。Thisbookwaslackingitsfrontcover,thebackheldonbystripsofpastedpaper,nowturnedgolden,inseverallayers,andthepagesstained,flecked,andtatteredaroundtheedges;its

17、garishillustrationshadcomeunattachedbutwerepreserved,laidin.Ihadthefeelingeveninmyheedlesschildhoodthatthiswastheonlybookmyfatherasalittleboyhadhadofhisown.Hehadheldontoit,andmighthavegonetosleeponitscoverlessface:hehadlosthismotherwhenhewasseven.Myfatherhadnevermadeanymentiontohisownchildrenofthebo

18、ok,buthehadbroughtitalongwithhimfromOhiotoourhouseandshelveditinourbookcase.這本書沒了封面，封底用幾條紙片粘牢，有好幾層，如今都泛黃了，書頁上污跡斑斑，邊角處都破碎了；書中花哨的插圖脫了頁，但都保存良好，夾在書里。即使在少不更事的童年，我就覺得那是我父親小時候擁有的惟一一本書。他一直珍藏著這本書，或許還枕著這本沒了封面的書睡覺：他7歲時就沒了母親。我父親從來沒跟自己的孩子提起過這本書，但他從俄亥俄一路把它帶到我們的家，把它放進我們的書櫥。MymotherhadbroughtfromWestVirginiathatset

19、ofDickens:thosebookslookedsad,tootheyhadbeenthroughfireandwaterbeforeIwasborn,shetoldme,andtheretheywere,linedupasIlaterrealized,waitingforme.母親則從西弗吉尼亞帶來了那套狄更斯：那套書看上去也慘不忍睹她告訴我，我還沒出生，這些書就歷經水火之災，可現(xiàn)在它們還是整齊地排列在那兒后來我意識到，是等著我去讀。Iwaspresented,fromasearlyasIcanremember,withbooksofmyown,whichappearedonmybirt

20、hdayandChristmasmorning.Indeed,myparentscouldnotgivemebooksenough.TheymusthavesacrificedtogivemeonmysixthorseventhbirthdayitwasafterIbecameareaderformyself-theten-volumesetofOurWonderWorld.Thesewerebeautifullymade,heavybooksIwouldliedownwithonthefloorinfrontofthediningroomhearth,andmoreoftenthanther

21、estvolume5,EveryChildsStoryBook,wasundermyeyes.TherewerethefairytalesGrimm,Andersen,theEnglish,theFrench,AliBabaandtheFortyThieves;andtherewasAesopandReynardtheFox;therewerethemythsandlegends,RobinHood,KingArthur,andSt.GeorgeandtheDragon,eventhehistoryofJoanofArc;awhackofPilgrimsProgressandalongpiec

22、eofGulliver.Theyallcarriedtheirclassicillustrations.IlocatedmyselfinthesepagesandcouldgostraighttothestoriesandpicturesIloved;veryoftenTheYellowDwarfwasfirstchoice,withWalterCranesYellowDwarfinfullcolormakinghisterrifyingappearanceflankedbyturkeys.Nowthatvolumeisaswornandbacklessandhangingapartasmyf

23、atherspoorSanfordandMerton.OnemeasureofmyloveforOurWonderWorldwasthatforalongtimeIwonderedifIwouldgothroughfireandwaterforitasmymotherhaddoneforCharlesDickens;andtheonlycomfortwastothinkIcouldaskmymothertodoitforme.從記事起我就收到給自己的書了，那是在生日時，還有圣誕節(jié)早晨。我父母真的是送給我再多的書都嫌不夠。在我6歲或7歲生日時那是在我自己能讀書之后他們送我一套10卷本的我們的神奇

24、世界，為此，準是作了不少犧牲。那套書真漂亮，厚厚的，我總是帶著它躺在餐廳壁爐前的地板上，讀得最多的是第5卷：兒童故事。那都是些童話故事格林的、安徒生的、英國童話、法國童話，“阿里巴巴和四十大盜”；還有伊索寓言和列那狐的故事；還有神話和傳奇故事，如羅賓漢、亞瑟王、圣喬治和龍，甚至還有歷史故事圣女貞德；還有一部分天路歷程，以及一長段格列佛游記。每篇故事都有精彩的插圖。我早已讓自己走進這些故事中去了，一翻就能翻到自己喜愛的故事和插圖；黃膚色小矮人常常是我的首選，沃爾特克萊恩繪的彩色插圖中黃膚色小矮人看著令人害怕，他左右還有火雞侍立。如今這冊書已經跟父親那本損壞的桑福徳與默頓一樣，又破又舊，最后幾頁掉

25、了，書頁散了。有很長一段時間，我一直想自己能不能像母親為查爾斯狄更斯做的那樣，為我們的神奇世界這套書赴湯蹈火，從這一點也可想見我對這套書是多么珍愛；惟一令人安慰的是我相信我可讓母親為我這么做。IbelieveImtheonlychildIknowofwhogrewupwiththistreasureinthehouse.Iusedtoaskothers,DidyouhaveOurWonderWorld?IdhavetotellthemTheBookofKnowledgecouldnotholdacandletoit.在所有認識的孩子們當中，我想自己是惟一有家藏寶庫伴隨著長大的孩子。過去我常常問

26、別人：“你有我們的神奇世界嗎？”我常常得跟人解釋，知識庫根本沒法跟這套書比。IliveingratitudetomyparentsforinitiatingmeasearlyasIbeggedforit,withoutkeepingmewaitingintoknowledgeoftheword,intoreadingandspelling,bywayofthealphabet.Theytaughtittomeathomeintimeformetobegintoreadbeforestartingtoschool.我感激父母通過認識字母對我早在我要求之時，而沒有讓我等待進行文字啟蒙，教我閱讀和拼

27、寫。他們在家里教我，我得以在上學前就開始了閱讀。EversinceIwasfirstreadto,thenstartedreadingtomyself,therehasneverbeenalinereadthatIdidnthear.Asmyeyesfollowedthesentence,avoicewassayingitsilentlytome.Itisntmymothersvoice,orthevoiceofanypersonIcanidentify,certainlynotmyown.Itishuman,butinward,anditisinwardlythatIlistentoit.I

28、tistomethevoiceofthestoryorthepoemitself.Thecadence,whateveritisthatasksyoutobelieve,thefeelingthatresidesintheprintedword,reachesmethroughthereader-voice:Ihavesupposed,butneverfoundout,thatthisisthecasewithallreaderstoreadaslistenersandwithallwriters,towriteaslisteners.Itmaybepartofthedesiretowrite

29、.Thesoundofwhatfallsonthepagebeginstheprocessoftestingitfortruth,forme.WhetherIamrighttotrustsofarIdontknow.BynowIdontknowwhetherIcoulddoeitherone,readingorwriting,withouttheother.從最初聽故事，到后來自己開始讀書，從來沒有一行讀過的字我不聞其聲。當我的目光掃過一個句子時，就會有個聲音默念給我聽。那不是母親的聲音，也不是我能辨認的某個人的聲音，當然也不是我本人的聲音。那是人的聲音，但是內在的，我傾聽的正是內心深處的聲音

30、。對我而言，那就是故事本身的聲音，就是詩本身的聲音。那抑揚頓挫的聲音，不論它要你相信的是什么，那印刷文字中蘊含的情感，通過誦讀者的聲音傳遞給我：我一直猜想，卻始終沒能證實，所有的讀者都如此邊讀邊聽，所有的作者都如此邊寫邊聽。那或許是寫作欲望的一部分。對我而言，落在紙頁上的聲音可幫助測試寫下來的是否是實事真情。我不知道我相信到這個程度是否對頭。如今我也不知道自己能不能做到只讀不寫，或只寫不讀。Myownwords,whenIamatworkonastory,Iheartooastheygo,inthesamevoicethatIhearwhenIreadinbooks.WhenIwriteand

31、thesoundofitcomesbacktomyears,thenIacttomakemychanges.Ihavealwaystrustedthisvoice.在寫小說時，我也能聽見文字落紙的聲音，與我讀書時聽到的聲音一樣。我寫著，那聲音傳入耳內，于是我聞聲而動，加以修改。我一直信賴這一聲音。rockern.rocking-chair搖椅e.g.Theoldladywasreadinganewspaperinherrocker.tickvi.makelight,regularlyrepeatedsounds發(fā)出滴答聲vt.putasmallmarkagainst(names,figures

32、,etc.)toshowthatsth.iscorrect在.上打勾n.滴答聲；記號，勾形符號e.g.Icouldheartheclockonthewallticking.rhythmn.regularsuccessionsofweakandstrongstresses,accents,soundsofmovements(inspeech,music,dancing,etc.)(說話、音樂、舞蹈等的)節(jié)奏，韻律e.g.Theaudienceclappedinrhythmaswesang.inrhythm有節(jié)奏地cricketn.蟋蟀；板球(運動)e.g.About1,000kindsofcri

33、cketshavebeendiscoveredbyscientists.givesb.nopeacekeepdisturbingsb.讓某人不得安寧e.g.Thebabykeptcoughingallnight,givinghermothernopeace.churnv.beatandshake(cream)inatub;make(butter)inthisway攪拌(乳脂)；攪拌乳脂制(黃油)e.g.Creammaybechurnedintobutter.sobvi.drawinbreathsharplyandirregularlyfromsorroworpain,esp.whilecryi

34、ng;makethesoundlikethatofsobbing嗚咽，啜泣，抽噎；發(fā)嗚咽聲n.actorsoundofsobbing嗚咽(聲)，啜泣(聲)e.g.Ifoundhersobbinginthebedroombecauseshedbrokenherfavoritedoll.ambitionn.strongdesire(tobeordosth.);objectofsuchadesire抱負，雄心，野心；目標，夙愿;e.g.Herambitionwastobecomeacinemaactress.expressivea.(esp.ofwordsoraface)fulloffeelinga

35、ndmeaning富有表情的；富有意味的e.g.Shehadlargeexpressiveeyes.pussn.(wordusedtocalla)cat(叫喚貓時用語)貓咪e.g.Here,puss.bootn.靴；(BrE)(汽車后部的)行李箱e.g.Mybootsaretootight.illiteratea.unabletoreadorwrite,withlittleornoeducation目不識丁的；未受教育的e.g.Formanyilliteratepeopletelevisionistheonemeansofgettingnews.salaryn.paymentforregula

36、remployment薪金，薪水e.g.Thispositionoffersaweeklysalaryof$200.allthewhileallthetime一直e.g.AllthewhileshetalkedofAnniesgoodspiritsandcleverness.encyclopedian.book,orsetofbooks,givinginformationabouteverybranchofknowledge,orononesubject,witharticlesinalphabeticalorder百科全書e.g.Thebestwaytolearnhowtouseanency

37、clopediaissimplytopracticewithit.unabridgeda.(ofsth.written)giveninfullform,notshortened未經刪節(jié)的；完整的e.g.Thereisanunabridgeddictionaryonthelibrarytable.secondarilyad.次要地，從屬地e.g.ThetradingpatternsoftheEuropeanUnioncountriesareprimarilywithoneanother;secondarilywithotherindustrialmarketeconomycountries.se

38、condaryingafter,lessimportantthan,whatisfirstorchief;(ofschool,etc.)followingelementaryschool次要的，從屬的；(學校等)中等的sinkintoindulgein,beabsorbedinto沉溺于e.g.Asmonthswentby,hesankintoadeepdepression.hedonistn.believerintheideathatpleasureisthechiefgood享樂主義者e.g.Thehedonistseeksonlypleasureandself-gratification

39、.elopev.(ofawoman)runawayfromhomeorahusband(withalover)(指女子)私奔e.g.AlanandLucyelopedagainstLucysparentswisheslastweek.stayonremainaftertheusualorexpectedtimeforleaving久留不去，逗留e.g.Itssolovelyhere;letsstayonforabit.beloveda.dearlyloved所鐘愛的，受愛戴的e.g.SirHenryWyatt(1460-1537)issaidbyhistorianstohavebeenthem

40、ostbelovedmaninEngland.morala.concerningprinciplesofrightandwrong;goodandvirtuous道德(上)的；有道德的n.thatwhichastory,eventorexperienceteaches;standardsofbehavior,principlesofrightandwrong寓意；道德(規(guī)范)，品行e.g.Oerlocutorn.persontakingpartinadiscussionordialogue參與討論者，對話者e.g.Theroleof

41、theinterlocutorisveryimportantintheflowofconversation.discoursen.conversation;speech,lecture;treatise談話；演說；論文e.g.Thepriestdeliveredalongdiscourseontheevilsofuntruthfulness.allotvt.makeadistributionof分配，撥出e.g.Howmuchtimehasbeenallottedtothiswork?respectivelyad.separatelyorinturn,andintheordermentione

42、d各自地，各個地，分別地e.g.Bob,DickandTomare6,8,and10yearsold,respectively.respectivea.oforfororbelongingtoeachofthoseinquestion各自的，各個的，分別的engravevt.cutorcarve(lines,words,designs,etc.)onahardsurface;impressdeeply(onthememoryormind)雕刻；使銘記，使牢記e.g.Hehadhisnameengravedonhiswatch.fleckvt.markwithsmallspotsorpatche

43、s使有斑點；飾以斑點n.斑點e.g.Thebirdsbreastisfleckedwithred.garisha.unpleasantlybright;over-coloredorover-decorated炫耀的；過于艷麗的；過分裝飾的e.g.Herdressisgarishintasteandcolorillustrationn.pictures,diagrams,etcthatareusedtoexplainorreveal;usingexamples,data,quotes,etctoexplainorshowapoint插圖，圖解；例證說明e.g.Arethereanyillustr

44、ationsonthispage?unattacheda.unconnected分開的，不相連的e.g.Pleaseencloseyoursignedchequeandpaymentslipunattachedandunfolded.heedlessa.unmindful,careless;inattentive漫不經心，粗心大意的；不注意的e.g.Iwassillyandheedless,ignoringtheadviceofpeoplewhoweretryingtohelpme.coverlessa.(ofbooks,magazines,etc.)withoutacover無封面的e.g.

45、Hetookthecoverlessbookfromherhand.shelvevt.putonashelf將,置于架上e.g.Thebookswereshelvedinalphabeticalorder.hearthn.floorofafireplace,theareanearthefireplace爐床，壁爐邊e.g.Evenintheirhandsomebrickhometheydelightedtositatthehearthintheevening.legendn.oldstoryhandeddownfromthepast,esp.oneofdoubtfultruth;famousp

46、erson傳說，傳奇故事；傳奇人物e.g.TherearemanylegendsabouttheexploitsofRobinHood.whackn.(infml)portion,share部分，一份e.g.Haveyouallhadyourwhack?flankvt.placeatthesideoforoneithersideof將,置于的一側(或兩側)n.側面；側翼；脅e.g.Twostonelionsflankedtheentrance.backlessa.(ofbooks,magazines,etc.)withoutthebackcover無書脊的，無封底的e.g.awornandba

47、cklessbookgothroughfireandwaterfacegreathardshipanddanger赴湯蹈火，冒一切危險e.g.IdgothroughfireandwaterformydearMildred.notholdacandletonotnearlysogoodas,nottobecomparedto比不上，不能與.相比e.g.HecannotholdacandletoJohnwhenitcomestolearningforeignlanguages.ingratitudetobethankfulto對,心存感激e.g.Iamingratitudetoyourkindness.initiatevt.give(sb.)elementaryinstruction;set(sth.)working使初步了解；發(fā)起，創(chuàng)始e.g.HedecidedtoinitiateusintotheartofChinesecookery.byway