【小學(xué)英語(yǔ)】第3講-代詞-教案

1、代詞觀察以下句子1 .-Mary, is this your bag?-Yes, it is.（下劃線單詞it代替the bag）odidnt put my shoes away. This made my mother angry.（This 代替前面“I didnt put my shoes away）.Here are two bags. One is mine, the other is hers.（mine 相當(dāng)于 my bag, hers 相當(dāng)于 her bags.）.Whose pencils are those in the pencil case? （whose 在這表示誰(shuí)的

2、）.These are your gifts, （these 表示那些）從上述句子中我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，句子下劃線的詞，都是用來(lái)代指上文中已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過的名詞。下劃線單詞均為代詞。一、代詞的含義：代替名詞及代替起名詞作用的短語(yǔ)、分詞和句子。二、代詞的分類：人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、不定代詞、指示代詞及疑問代詞。三、代詞的用法：人稱代詞定義：人稱代詞是為了防止重復(fù)，用來(lái)代替前面提到過的人。人稱代詞的基本形式見下表：格人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱ImeweUSwill spend the summer holiday in Hawaii.A. She, you and IB. You, she a

3、nd I C. I, you and she D. Her, me and youAre coats yours? Yes, they are .A. theyB. theseC. thisD. thereBetween you and, he is not a real friend.A. meB. IC. heD. hishave friends here, so I feel lonely.A. Little B. a little C. few D. a few5.girl has a flower.A. Many B. All C. Each D. Other【答案】B 2. B 3

4、. A 4. C 5.C【解析】.英語(yǔ)中人稱單數(shù)順序?yàn)?21 ,復(fù)數(shù)為123。Coats為復(fù)數(shù)名詞。此處應(yīng)該缺賓格，所以用me。根據(jù)題意可知我很孤獨(dú),所以我?guī)缀鯖]有朋友，并且朋友為可數(shù)名詞，古攵選few、Each做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。My home is nice. I have a pet 1 and 2 name is Polly. It is a parrot（鸚鵡）.I like Polly a lot. My classmate, Hu Tao, 3 a pet, too. Its name is Bobby. It is a dog. Hu Tao 4 Bobby very mu

5、ch. Do you have 5 in your home? I often go to English Corner（英語(yǔ)角）.I like 6 a lot. I speak English 7 some friends at the English Corner.8 Hu Tao doesnt like the English Comer. He doesnt like English 9 . His English is 10 . So I often help him study English.B. in my home C. in schoolD. in home（）1. A.

6、in my school()2. A. ifsB. itC. itsD. your()3. A. isB. likeC. hasD. have()4. A. likeB. likesC. looks likeD. look like()5. A. flowersB. a bikeC. a friendD. a pet()6. A. itB. itsC.hisD. ifs()7. A. afterB. withC. inD. of()8. A. AndB. SoC.OrD. But()9. A. at allB. muchC. littleD. all()10. A. goodB.OKC.poo

7、rD. nice【答案】1.B 2.C 3.C4.B 5.D 6. A7.B 8. D 9. A 10. C【解析】B in my home=at home指“在家，在家里”，因?yàn)閜et （寵物）是養(yǎng)在家里的，應(yīng)選BoC此處需用物主代詞，而且所指的是鳥，應(yīng)選C。C根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可知此處要用“有”，且主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，應(yīng)選C。B本句意為“胡濤非常喜歡Bobby- look like意為“看起來(lái)像”，不符合題意，再因本句主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，應(yīng)選BoD根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，此句意為“你在家養(yǎng)寵物嗎？ ”應(yīng)選DoA此處需用人稱代詞的賓格，it的賓格仍是it ,應(yīng)選AoB考查介詞的用法。after在之后；w

8、ith和，關(guān)于；in穿著，戴著，用，在里；of的。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)是和朋友們?cè)谟⒄Z(yǔ)角說英語(yǔ)，因此應(yīng)為With,選BoD上文提到我喜歡英語(yǔ)角，下文說胡濤不喜歡英語(yǔ)角，為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)選D。A not. at all意思是“根本不，一點(diǎn)也不、應(yīng)選AoC從上文提到胡濤不喜歡英語(yǔ)，可推測(cè)他的英語(yǔ)差。poor意為“差的，不好的應(yīng)選C。第二人稱youyouyouyou第三人稱hehimtheytheysheheritit從表格中得之，人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分，分別怎么用呢?我們觀察下面的兩個(gè)句子：They are my family.I like him.Its me.會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，人稱代詞主格在句子中做主語(yǔ)

9、，而人稱代詞賓格在句子中做賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。.are students.A. Their B. They C. Them D. Theirs【答案】B【解析】此題考查人稱代詞的主格用法，B、C、D在句子中都不可做主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)選B選項(xiàng)。. Lets go and help.A. she B. shes C. her D. hers【答案】C【解析】此題考查人稱代詞賓格的用法，help后面需要有賓格做動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)選答案Co 物主代詞定義：物主代詞是表示所屬關(guān)系的詞。物主代詞的分類：有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之分，其人稱和數(shù)的變化見下表：?jiǎn)螖?shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性名詞性形容詞性名詞性75r第一人稱mymine

10、ourours第二人稱youryoursyouryours第三人稱hishistheirtheirsherhersitsits例： This is her English book.This English book is hers.從例句中分析：形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的作用，修飾后面的名詞。名詞性物主代詞本身具有名詞性質(zhì)，相當(dāng)于形容詞性物主代詞+名詞，在句中作主格、賓格或表格。.name is Mark and name is Liza.A. His ; his B. Her ; her C. She ; he D. His ; her【答案】D【解析】此題考查物主代詞中形容詞性物主代詞的

11、用法，首先確實(shí)name是名詞，使用要用名詞性物主代詞,Mark是一男名，Liza是女名，應(yīng)選答案Do1. -Whose picture is it?-It9s.A. hers B. her C.she D. shes【答案】A【解析】此題考查物主代詞中名詞性物主代詞的用法，根據(jù)句意可知是她的照片，所以要用hers相當(dāng)于herpicture.應(yīng)選答案Ao.反身代詞定義：強(qiáng)調(diào)自身的代詞或表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作回射到這個(gè)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者本身的詞稱為反身代詞?？煞g為我自己 我們自己等。稱數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱myselfourselves第二人稱yourselfyourselves第二人稱himselfthemsel

12、vesherselfitself不定人稱oneself用法1.主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)同為一人時(shí)，用反身代詞。You should take care of yourself.表強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)氣I myself can do it.常用詞組 enjoy oneself dress oneself.指示代詞用法：l.this/these是指空間上叫接近的事物指示代詞數(shù)用法this/that （這個(gè)、那個(gè)）單數(shù)后面接動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)形式These/those （這些、那些）復(fù)數(shù)后面接動(dòng)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式2.That/those是指空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物.疑問代詞疑問代詞意義替代范圍who誰(shuí)人Whom （ who的賓格）誰(shuí)人whose誰(shuí)的

13、人what什么事、物which哪一個(gè)事、物.不定代詞定義：不指明代替任何特定的名詞或形容詞的代詞叫不定代詞。小學(xué)階段涉及的主要有一下幾種。用法：. both VS all的用法辨析Both表示“兩者都”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。All表示“三者或三者以上都”，后面接復(fù)數(shù)名詞是時(shí)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面接不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例如：Both of you are right.你們倆都是對(duì)的All students are right,所有的學(xué)生（最少三個(gè)）都正確. some VS any 的用法Some和any都有“一些”的意思。Some通常用于肯定句中，any用于否認(rèn)和疑問句中。但是表示

14、請(qǐng)求或建議, 希望得到肯定回答的疑問句中，some不變any。There are some trees in the garden.Are there any trees in the garden?. many VS much 的區(qū)別Many后面接可數(shù)名詞，much后面接不可數(shù)名詞，much作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。.Few , a few , little , a little的區(qū)別a few（肯定）思思一些，假設(shè)十用十可數(shù)名詞few （否認(rèn)）幾乎沒有a little （肯定）一些，有點(diǎn)兒用十不可數(shù)名詞little （否認(rèn)）幾乎沒有例句：Few of my friends were the

15、re.我的朋友中幾乎沒有人在那里。A few of the men wore hats.這些男人中有幾個(gè)戴著帽子。I have little food to eat.我?guī)缀鯖]東西可吃。Would you like a little tea?你想喝點(diǎn)茶嗎？I made it by. （my）【答案】myself【解析】此題考查反身代詞的用法，根據(jù)句意可知是我做這個(gè)用過我自己，所以用myself。a book, and are bags.A. This is ; that B. That is ; this C. Those are ; these D.This is ; those【答案】D【解

16、析】此題考查指示代詞的用法，根據(jù)第一空a book可知是單數(shù)名詞故排除答案C，根據(jù)第二空可知bags為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)選D選項(xiàng)。sweater is this?-Ifs Mikes.A. Whos B. Whose C. What D. Which【答案】B【解析】此題考查疑問代詞的用法，根據(jù)回答可知毛衣是Mike的，所以應(yīng)該選B選項(xiàng)，表示誰(shuí)的。This math problem is not so difficult that only students can work it out.A. a fewB. a littleC. fewD. little【答案】C【解析】此題考查不定代詞的用法，

17、首先確定橫線后面的名詞Students為可數(shù)名詞，所以要用few,a few , 根據(jù)題意可知數(shù)學(xué)題太難，以至于沒有人可以做出來(lái)在這里表否認(rèn)，應(yīng)選答案C.We are pupils.bags are new.A. Your B. Their C. Hers D. Ourpants are these ? -Peters.A. Whose B. Which C. What D. WhoThe meal is very delicious . Help.A. you B. myself C. yourself D. myMiss Li is teaching Chinese.A. TheirB.

18、them C. their D. theirs5.is time for us to go to help the old people in hospital.A. This B. That C. It D. She【答案】15 DACBC【解析】.考查形容詞性物主代代詞。句意為：我們是學(xué)生，我們的包是新的。所以根據(jù)句意要用我們的our.考查疑問代詞。根據(jù)回答可是是Peter的褲子，所以要選疑問代詞誰(shuí)的Which.考查反身代詞。固定搭配help yourself.表示請(qǐng)自便.考查人稱代詞的用法。根據(jù)句意可知李老師教他們英語(yǔ)，所以在這缺teach的賓語(yǔ)。.考查it的特殊用法。形式主語(yǔ)It is

19、 + adj. (for sb.) to do sth.It isnt pen. It is.A. my ; her B. my ; hers C. me ; her D. me ; hersseason do you like best?A. What B. Which C. How D. WhoseThere are many flowers on the sides of the street.A. EachB. BothC. All D. EitherWould you like dumplings? -Yes, please.A. Some B. any C. little D. a

20、 littleOn Sunday , I didnt want to do.A. somethingB. nothing C. everything D. anything【答案】15 BBBAD【解析】.此題考查形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的用法。第一空我的筆用形容詞性物主代詞來(lái)修飾peno第 二空用名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于her pen.此題考查疑問代詞，根據(jù)句意可知你喜歡哪一個(gè)季節(jié)，古攵選答案Bo.此題考查不定代詞的用法。根據(jù)句意可知許多花在路的兩邊，應(yīng)選B表示兩者都。.此題考查不定代詞的用法。表示征求對(duì)方意見，希望得到肯定回答時(shí)，some可以用于疑問句中。.此題考查不定代詞的用法。此題

21、是否認(rèn)句，故排除A、Co Nothing本身已經(jīng)含有否認(rèn)意義，不與not連 用，應(yīng)選D.Everybodys business is nobodys businessThere are four people named everybody, somebody, anybody and nobody. There was an important job to be done and everybody was asked to do it. Everybody was sure that somebody would do it. Anybody could have done it, but nobody did it. Some body got angry about that because it was everybodys job. Everybody thought anybody could do it, but nobody realized that everybody wouldnt do it. It ended up that everybody blamed somebody when nobody did what anybody could have done