同濟(jì)大學(xué)課件精選《公共英語(yǔ)》論文寫作

1、DocumentingPlagiarismWhat constitutes plagiarism?The false assumption of authorship.PlagiarismHow to avoid plagiarism?To give credit to the original writer, or to supply source reference.How to Document Sources Where You Use Them in Your TextThe MLA Documentation Systemthe MLA parenthetical stylethe

2、 MLA endnote stylethe MLA footnote stylethe MLA number style The APA Documentation SystemThe MLA Parenthetical Style Insert a parenthesis after the borrowed information to provide the source by briefly noting the authors surname and the page number you have referred to. e.g. “Ancient writers attribu

3、ted the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (Marcuse 197).ReferencesMarcuse, Sibyl. A survey of Musical Instruments. New York: Harper, 1975. If the authors name is mentioned in the text, only the page number appears in the citation. e.g. Marcuse said that “An

4、cient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (197). If more than one work by the author is in the list of works cited, a shortened version of the title is given.e.g. “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras,

5、 who lived in the sixth century BC” (Marcuse, Survey 197).If your list contains more than one author with the same last name, you must add the first initial.If the initial is shared too, the full first name. “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the s

6、ixth century BC” (J. Marcuse 203-4). “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (John L. Marcuse 203-4).If the work has two or three authors, give the last name of each person listed.If the work has more than three authors, follow the

7、 form in the references entry. If there is a corporate author, use its name, shortened or in full followed by a page reference. If the work /article is listed by title, use the title, shortened or in full.e.g. A presidential commission reported in 1970 that recent campus protests had focused on “rac

8、ial injustice, war, and the university itself” (Report 3). A New York Times editorial called Ralph Ellison “a writer of universal reach” (“Death” 25).References“Death of a Writer.” Editorial. New York Times 20 Apr. 1994, late ed.:A18.Report of the Presidents Commission on Campus Unrest. New York: Ar

9、no, 1970. APA vs. MLAMLA “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (Marcuse 197).APA “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (Marcuse, 1975).ReferencesMLA Marcuse,

10、Sibyl. A Survey of Musical Instruments. New York: Harper, 1975.APA Marcuse, S. (1975). A survey of musical instruments. New York: Harper. The MLA Endnote Style A raised number is given to each piece of borrowed information in the text. Then at the end of the charter or the paper, a list of notes cor

11、responding to the numbers is provided. This feature is important to composition pedagogy as well, because “in teaching writing, we are tacitly teaching a version of reality.”2Notes (to be found at the end of chapter or article)2. Berlin 766References (to be found at the end of the book or article af

12、ter the notes)Berlin, J. A. Contemporary Composition: The Major Pedagogical Theories. New York: Harper , 1988.The MLA Footnote Style This feature is important to composition pedagogy as well, because “in teaching writing, we are tacitly teaching a version of reality.”2 _Notes (to be found at the bot

13、tom of the page)1. Smith 232. Berlin 766References (to be found at the end of the book or article )Berlin, J. A. Contemporary Composition: The Major Pedagogical Theories. New York: Harper , 1988.Some Styles of Documentation Author /PageMLAAuthor / Year StyleAPA style (the American Psychological Asso

14、ciation) Anthropology Economics Political science BusinessArcheology Education Psychology SociologyAstronomy Linguistics Physical education CBE style (Council of Biology Editors) Biology physiology Botany zoologyUSGS style (U.S. Geological Survey) GeologyFootnote / Endnote Style Art History Philosophy