賓語補足語的用法課件

1、(最新整理)賓語補足語的用法2021/7/261賓語補足語的用法2021/7/262英語的五個基本結(jié)構(gòu)S 十 V 主謂結(jié)構(gòu)S 十 V 十 P 主系表結(jié)構(gòu)S 十 V 十 O 主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)S 十 V 十 O1 十 O2 主謂雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)S 十 V 十 O 十 C 主謂賓補結(jié)構(gòu)說明：S主語；V謂語；P表語；O賓語；O1間接賓語；O2直接賓語；C賓語補足語 2021/7/2631S 十 V 句式He runs quickly他跑得快。2S 十 V(link) 十 P 句式：The story sounds interesting這個故事聽起來有趣。3S 十 V 十 O 句式They built a hous

2、e last year他們?nèi)ツ杲艘凰孔印?S 十 V 十 O1 十 O2 句式He offered me his seat / his seat to me他把座位讓給我。5S 十 V 十 O 十 C 句式Good food keeps you healthy.I wish you to be happy.They named the boy CharlieI saw her chatting with NancyHe watched the piano carried upstairs.Dont leave me behind.2021/7/264在英語語言中，一些及物動詞后面除了跟賓語

3、外，還需要有一個賓語補足語來對賓語進行補充說明，使其意義更加完整清楚。賓語與賓語補足語合起來稱作復(fù)合賓語。2021/7/265一、可以充當賓語補足語的詞和詞組有：1、名詞： We elected Smith our chairman. They named the city Leningrad. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.注：常用名詞充當賓語補足語的動詞有： call, name, elect, make, think, appoint, choose, find, consider, keep, wish, feel等。這類動詞后也

4、可用先行詞it做形式賓語，而把真正的賓語放到句子后面去。 He felt is his duty to mention this to her.2021/7/2662、形容詞： He dyed her hair brown. I thought her so nice and sincere.注：常用形容詞充當賓語補足語的動詞有： believe, think, get, keep, make, find, set, like, wish, see, consider, prove, have, leave, 以及paint, drive, turn, cut 等。一、可以充當賓語補足語的詞和

5、詞組有：有時可用it做形式賓語，而把真正的賓語放到后面去，構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語的可以是不定式或是從句。I felt it necessary to make everything clear.2021/7/267主語+及物動詞+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞（作補語） Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face. At this moment she noticed the teacher coming in.加現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補的動詞有：see, hear, smell, fee

6、l, keep, watch, leave, get, catch, imagine, like, start, remember, hate.2021/7/268主語+及物動詞+賓語+過去分詞（作補語）He watched the TV set carried out of the room. Last year they had their house rebuilt. When you speak English, be sure to make yourself understood.這類動詞主要有：make, keep, leave, feel, find, have, hear,

7、watch, see2021/7/2694、動詞不定式：Remind me to write that letter, will you?He urged me to join their company.At the meeting they invited me to speak.這類動詞包括： advice，get, allow, invite, force, oblige, hate, wish, permit, order, bring注： 在某些動詞后，這類不定式只限用to be 這種形式We thought him to be an honest man.Do you consi

8、der that to be important?She found this to be true in all the cities she visited.2021/7/2610主語+及物動詞+賓語+不帶to的不定式（作補語）We can let this go on.I saw Martins face go pale.這類動詞主要有：make, let, have, saw, hear, notice watch, fell, help這類詞變被動的時候后面要加toHe was made to recite the whole poem.He was seen to fall.202

9、1/7/26116此外，副詞和介詞短語也可以充當賓語補足語，如： When do you want it back? Why didnt you invite them in? We could hear the children at play outside.2021/7/2612二、賓語和其補足語之間的邏輯關(guān)系：1、當名詞、形容詞、副詞和介詞短語充當賓語補足語時，它們和賓語之間有著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系（或稱表語關(guān)系），若無賓語補足語，則句意不完整。賓語補足語說明賓語的情況、性質(zhì)、特征、狀態(tài)、身份或?qū)兕惖取Ｔ嚤容^：You should keep your room clean and tidy

10、. (Your room is clean and tidy.) We could hear the children at play outside. (The children are at play outside.)2021/7/2613二、賓語和其補足語之間的邏輯關(guān)系：3、當過去分詞充當賓語補足語時，它與賓語之間有著動賓關(guān)系，即：賓語是過去分詞所表示的動作的承受者，如： I once heard this song sung in Japanese. (This song was once sung in Japanese.) I didnt want the children ta

11、ken out in such weather. (The children were taken out in such weather.)2021/7/2614三、在用現(xiàn)在分詞或不定式作賓語補足語的動詞中，有些只能用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語；有些只能用不定式作賓語補足語；還有的動詞既能用現(xiàn)在分詞又可用不定式作賓語補足語：1、只能用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語的動詞有：catch, keep, mind, prevent, stop, smell, excuse 等。例如： She caught her son smoking a cigarette. His words started me thin

12、king.2、只能用不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：wish, desire, expect, love, prefer, trust, encourage, let, allow, permit, mean, lead, bring, put, hurry, cause, remind, ask, invite, beg, request, worry, advise, persuade, call on, tell, order, command, require, make, force, drive, forbid, warn, help, teach, show, assist, rep

13、ort, bear, wait for / think, take, know, judge, consider, suppose, believe, allow, prove, declare等。3、既能用現(xiàn)在分詞又可用不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：see, watch, notice, look at, observe, listen to, hear, feel, have, imagine, discover, like, want, understand, hate, get, set, leave等。2021/7/2615四、使用不定式作賓語補足語時，不定式符號 to 的取舍問題：1

14、、在hear, listen to, let, have, make, see, watch, notice, observe 等動詞后的不定式需省去 to 。2、feel 一詞，跟 to be 型不定式帶 to；跟 to do 型不定式不帶 to。3、help 一詞后的不定式，可帶 to，也可以不帶 to。（請參見“動詞不定式”一節(jié)）2021/7/2616五、在復(fù)合賓語中，賓語通常為名詞或代詞，但有時也可以用不定式（短語）、動名詞（短語）或that從句來充當。這時，應(yīng)使用先行it代替賓語，而將真正的賓語移到句子的后部，如： I felt it necessary to speak about

15、 our shortcomings. Do you consider it any good trying again? We all thought it a pity that you couldnt join us. 注意：在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語補足語通常為名詞或形容詞；常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有： feel, find, think, make, take, judge, consider 等。2021/7/2617Practice2021/7/2618單句改錯The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself underst

16、and.We all elected Jason the monitor.The teacher asked us not make so much noise. - What a nice fire you have in your fireplace! - During the winter I like my house warmly and comfortable.understoodtowarm2021/7/26195. Dont leave the water run while you brush your teeth.6. He pushed the door opening.

17、7. She looked around and caught a man put his hand into the pocket of a passenger.8. With a lot of difficult problems settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.9. When I came in, I found a boy hide behind the door.10. It was a pity that the great writer died of his works unfinished.r

18、unningopenputtingtohiddenwith2021/7/2620Tell him _ the window.to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut2. -Theres a hole in your bag. - I know, Im going to have it _.mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended3. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _ by his littl

19、e sister.cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry4. They would not allow him _ across the enemy line.to risk going B. risking to goC. for risk to go D. risk going單項選擇2021/7/26215. I found the door _ when I got home.opened B. close C. unlocking D. open6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _.not to B. not to do C. not do D. do not to7. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise_.going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on8. With a lot of difficult problems_, the newly- elected p