高考英語大二輪復習專題一閱讀理解詞義猜測題專練二__猜測指代類

1、- - -詞義猜測題專練（二）一一猜測指代類A 2019 洛陽市第二次統(tǒng)考 There is more of a connection between food andculture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties

2、us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress.On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigra

3、nts bring it wherever they go, and itjs a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness.Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be r

4、eadily available, so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes about the or

5、iginal dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes.We should embrace our heritage （ 傳統(tǒng)）through our cultures food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to

6、 remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such.體裁：議論文 題材：飲食文化主題：食物和文化之間的聯(lián)系【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文，主要探討了食物和文化之間的聯(lián)系?！倦y句分析】It is important to remember that each dish has a sp

7、ecial place inthe culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it.分析：本句中第一個it為形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式；that each dishhas. who prepare it ”是 that引導的賓語從句，從句中含有“介詞+which”引導的定語從句和who引導的定語從句，who引導的定語從句修飾先行詞those。譯文：重要的是要記住，每一道菜在它所屬的文化中都有一個特殊的位置，而且對于烹飪它的人來說也是特別的。1 Whats the function of food

8、 mentioned in the text?A To help motivate homesickness.B To show national identity.C To reflect a countrys history.D To show a communitys superiority.答案與解析： B 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段第二、三句“ On an individual level, wegrow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are ”，再根據(jù)第二段的第二句“ It also op

9、erates as an expression of culture identity ”可知，文章中提到的食物的作用是顯示國家身份，故選 B 項。2 What does the underlined “ it ” in Paragrap h 2 refer to?A The specific traditional food.B The national culture.C A traditional expression of food.D The old-fashioned taste.答案與解析： A 考查代詞指代。通讀第二段可知，傳統(tǒng)食物是文化的一個重要部分，它顯示了文化身份，移民不

10、管去哪兒都帶著它，它象征著對自己文化的驕傲，也是排解鄉(xiāng)愁的方法。由此可推知， it 指代傳統(tǒng)食物，故選 A 項。3 Whydo some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant?A To attach cultural importance to their dishes.B To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil.C To make the dishes popular among customers.D To present t

11、heir own food culture in a new way.答案與解析： C 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段的第四、五句“ Additionally, immigrantsdo not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes about the originaldishes to cater to a wide r range of custome

12、rs ”可知，移民不僅把菜肴賣給來自相同國家的人，而且賣給不同國家的人。為了使菜肴受到顧客的歡迎，一些移民不得不改變傳統(tǒng)的菜肴，故選C項。 Whats the authors attitude towards different food cultures?Balanced. Unchangeable.A Negative.BC Unfair.D答案與解析：B 考查觀點態(tài)度。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句 We should embrace ourheritage（傳統(tǒng)）through our cultures food but also become more informed about other

13、cultures by trying their food 可知，我們應該通過我們文化的食物來接受我們的傳統(tǒng)， 但也應該通過嘗試其他文化的食物來了解更多文化。由此可推知，作者對不同的食物文化持 客觀公正的態(tài)度，故選 B項。B2019 唐 山一模Since their earliest days, American colleges anduniversities have based their study programs around what is known as the liberal arts.Liberal arts education does not require stud

14、ents to study only one subject.Apart from a major like history or politics, students also take classes in othersubjects that may not directly relate to their majors. This is meant to give students a wider understanding of the world as well as improve the critical thinking skills.However, in recent y

15、ears, many Americans have avoided liberal arts degree programs. That is mainly due to the belief that students who graduate with degrees in science, technology, engineering and mathematics, known as STEM, are more likely to find well-paid jobs.But a new survey conducted by the labor market research

16、company Emsiandthe Strada Education Network research group suggests liberal arts graduates are just as desirable to employers in the modern labor market.According to the survey, 82% of liberal arts degree holders from four-y ear programs are employed. Those who are employed full-time made about $20,

17、000 more per year than people with no higher education at all. And liberal arts degree holders with advanced degrees earned an additional $20,000 on average.Rob Sentz, who works with Emsi, says an engineering student may be immediately hired after graduation. But very often, engineering programs fai

18、l to teach students how to work well with others or communicate complex ideas in a simple way.Those are exactly the types of skills taught in liberal arts education.Nicole Smith, an economist, notes that with the rise of artificial intelligence, companies producing these intelligent machines need he

19、lp teaching them how to think more like and interact with humanbeings. They need help selling products and solving problems, which are skills that come from a liberal arts education.Sentz and Smith agree the biggest challenge facing liberal arts graduatesis showing employers what their skills are an

20、d the value they represent.體裁：說明文 題材：文化教育 主題：文科教育的優(yōu)勢本文是一篇說明文，通過介紹文科生的專業(yè)特征和就業(yè)市場的現(xiàn)狀來說明文科生的職業(yè)優(yōu)勢和就業(yè)前景。對于那些只注重工科學習的學生來說，他們在溝通方面有明顯的不足，而這一點恰恰是文科學生的優(yōu)勢。 Why does liberal arts education require students to learn more than their majors?A To teach students how to communicate with others.B To broaden students h

21、orizons and promote their critical thinking.C To encourage students to learn as many subjects as possible.D To push students toward liberal arts degree programs.答案與解析： B 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“ This is meant to give students a wider understanding of the world as well as improve their critical thinking skill

22、s. 可知，要求文科生學習更多專業(yè)以外的知識是為了讓學生更廣泛地了解世界，同時提高他們的批判性思維能力，故選 B 項。6 What advantage do liberal arts graduates have over STEM graduates?A They have more access to well-paid jobs.B They have greater appeal for employers.C They are more skilled in communicating.D They are better at designing intelligent machin

23、es.答案與解析： C 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段中的“ But very often, engineering programs fail to teach students how to work well with others or communicate complex ideas in a simple way. Those are exactly the types of skills taught in liberal arts education. 可知，文科生相對于理科生更善于交際和表達，故選 C項。7 What does the underlined word“ them”

24、 in Paragraph 7 refer to?A Machines. B Graduates.C Companies. D Skills.答案與解析： A 考查代詞指代。本題解題的關鍵在于 teaching 的直接賓語是“ how to think more like and interact with human beings ”， 所以 them 不可能指人類，再結合 前面“ producing these intelligent machines ”修飾 companies 可知， them 是指智能機器， 故選 A 項。8 Whats the main idea of the te

25、xt?A The modern labor market is full of great challenges.B Liberal arts education needs to reform its study programs.STEM graduates are losing their advantages in the labor market.Liberal arts graduates have a bright future in the labor market.答案與解析：D考查主旨大意。本文主要介紹了文科教育的優(yōu)勢和就業(yè)前景。大學的文 科教育宗旨賦予的文科生所特有的一些

26、優(yōu)勢成為他們在就業(yè)市場上的有利因素，就業(yè)前景一 片光明，故選D項。C2019 湖南省岳陽市質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(二) When I was a very little child, I rememberwatching TV and seeing other children suffer in other parts of the world. I would talk to myself, “When I grow up and become rich, Ill save kids all over the world.”At the age of 17, I began my career here

27、 in America, and by 18, I started my first charity organization. I went on to team upwith other organizations in thefollowing years, and met, helped, and even lost some of the most beautiful souls, from six-year-old Jasmina Anema who passed away in 2010 from leukemia (白血病 ) 一her story inspired thous

28、ands to volunteer as donors, to 2012 when my grandmother lost her battle with cancer, which is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation (CLF). Were all humans. And we all just want a chance: a chance at life, a chance in education, a chance at a future, really. And at

29、 CLF, our mission is to impact as many lives as possible, but it starts with just one. People make it seem too hard to do charity work. The truth is, you dont have to be rich to help others. You dont need to be famous. You dont even have to be college-educated. But it starts with your neighbor, the

30、person right next to you, the person sitting next to you in class, the kid down the block in your neighborhood. You just do whatever you can to help in any way that you can. And today, I want to challenge each of you to make a commitment to help one person, one organization, one situation that to uc

31、hes your heart. My grandmother always used to say,“If youvegotten a dollar, theres plenty to share.”體裁：記敘文 題材：個人經(jīng)歷主題：力所能及地去幫助別人【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，作者年少時立志長大后要幫助所有遭受痛苦的孩子們，長大后他兌現(xiàn)承諾從事慈善事業(yè)，并號召人們力所能及地去幫助別人。【難句分析】 I went on to team up with other organizations in the following years, and met, helped, and even

32、lost some of the most beautiful souls, from six-year-old Jasmina Anema who passed away in 2010 from leukemia her story inspired thousands to volunteer as donors, to 2012 when my grandmother lost her battle with cancer, which is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation

33、 (CLF)分析：本句為主從復合句。句子主干為 I went on to team up with other organizations in the following years, and met, helped, and even lost some of the most beautifulsouls, . who passed away in 2010 from leukemia是定語從句， who 為關系代詞指代先行詞 six-year-old Jasmina Anema; which is the very reason and the driving force behind

34、 the Clara Lionel Foundation 也是定語從句，關系代詞which 代指前面“奶奶因癌癥去世”這件事。譯文：在接下來的這些年里，“我”繼續(xù)與其他組織合作，并認識幫助了，甚至也失去了一些最美好的靈魂，從六歲大的、于2010年死于白血病的亞斯米娜阿尼瑪一一她的故事鼓舞數(shù)以千計的人志愿成為捐贈者，到 2012 年我的奶奶死于癌癥，她的離世正是我創(chuàng)建克拉拉萊昂內(nèi)爾基金會的原因和驅(qū)動力。 What did the author want to do at a young age?A Watch TV.B Grow up quickly.C Become wealthy. D Help other children.答案與解析： D 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“ I would talk to myself, When Igrow up and become rich, Ill save kids all over the world. ”可知，作者在很小的時候看到世界上其他地方遭受痛苦的孩子們時，他就對自己說：等“我”長大后變得有