高考英語大二輪復習專題一閱讀理解詞義猜測題專練一__詞匯猜測類

1、- - -詞義猜測題專練（一）一一詞匯猜測類A 2019 湖北八校 3 月聯(lián)考 The pumpkin （ 南瓜）theme is everywhere atButlers Orchard in Germantown, Maryland. It has thousands of pumpkins, including a pumpkin patch where people can pick their own pumpkin. There are also other things to do, like riding a pony, rushing down a slide or walk

2、ing around a corn maze with its confusing winding pathways. Somechildren discover the big orange fruits way more than they think. Visitors can pick their own in season fruits, vegetables and flowers. Butlers Orchard opened more than sixty years ago, as one of the first pick your own farms in the are

3、a.Ken Merriam brought his children. He says Butlers Orchard brings back good memories of growing up on a farm in Honduras.Its a little bit of what I usedto have as a kid, so thats why I think its nice to bring them over here. Get them out of the city. Shirley Butlers grandchildren who are in their 3

4、0s are now the third generation to run the farm. General manager Tyler Butler says children who usually only see pumpkins in grocery stores can learn how pumpkins are grown.“I didnt know pumpkins came from a vine. There are flowers on this vine. There are roots. These little girls are learning about

5、 pumpkins during their first trip to a pumpkin patch to feel the nature and the fruits. For Tristan Piazzas mother, the FallFestival is an annual event. My parents have always brought me. I bringmy kid now. I hope he stays in the area and he can bring his kids. Since familyfunds are hard to keep_afl

6、oatthese days, Tyler Butler appreciatesthe tens ofthousands of visitors who come to the Fall Festival each year.體裁：記敘文 題材：日?；顒又黝}：自助果園鞏固了家庭的關系【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了 Butler自助果園的一些活動項目和它對于他人的家庭所起到的獨一無二的作用?！倦y句分析】 It has thousands of pumpkins, including a pumpkin patch where people can pick their own pumpkin

7、.分析：本句主句是 It has thousands of pumpkins,后面的介詞短語作狀語，狀語中含有where引導的定語從句，其先行詞為 a pumpkin patch, where 在從句中作地點狀語。譯文：這個果園有數(shù)以千計的南瓜，包括一片南瓜地，在那里人們可以采摘他們自己的 南瓜。1 At Butlers Orchard, visitors can experience .A picking vegetables in personB growing vegetables by themselvesC tasting fruits off seasonD selling pum

8、pkins online答案與解析： A 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“ Visitors can pick their own in season fruits, vegetables, and flowers ”可知，游客可以在 Butler 果園里親自采摘 時令的水果、蔬菜和鮮花，故選 A 項。2 Why did Ken Merriam take his children to the farm?A They want to run it. They want to grow vegetables.C It reminds him of his childhood.D It pro

9、vides them with fun activities.答案與解析： C 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第二句“ He says Butlers Orchard bring s back good memories of growing up on a farm in Honduras ”可知，他帶孩子來這里是因為這里讓他想起了他的童年，故選C項。 Which of the following best explains“ keep afloat ” underlined in the lastparagraph?A Guarantee.B Earn.C Expand. D Spend.答案與

10、解析： A 考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)對畫線短語所在句的理解可知，本句是說果園的經(jīng)營者對來果園參加節(jié)日活動的游客表示感激，因為這些日子果園的資金有些周轉(zhuǎn)不開。由此可推知，畫線短語和guarantee “保證”含義相近，故選 A 項。 Whats the main idea of the passage?A The Fall Festival is an annual event.Pumpkins at Butlers Orchard are organic.C Pick your own farms are increasingly popular.D Butlers Orchard strength

11、ens the bond of the family.答案與解析： D 考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了 Butler 果園的一些活動項目和它在鞏固他人家庭關系上發(fā)揮的作用，故D 項最能概括文意。B2019 山西太原五中階段檢測The Arctic Circle the habitat of polar bearsand decreasing sea ice at the top of the world hit 32 degrees Celsius last week.This was the temperature in Banak, Norway on July 30, tho

12、ugh some Norwegian areas even reached a couple degrees warmer, according to the European Severe Weather Database. Banak sits atop northern Europe, over 350 miles above the bottom edge of the Arctic Circle.The Northern Hemisphere and Europe itself have been repeatedly scorched by both record and near

13、-record temperatures this summer as a consequence of overall rising global temperatures.In the past 40 years, Earths climate has experienced an accelerated warming trend, which adds an extra level of background warming to hot spells makingheatwaves more extreme, climate scientists have said.A photo

14、of what appears to be Scandinavian folks taking a dip in a river while reindeer - the cold-adapted herbivores （食草動物 ） cooled off in the waterbeside them is perhaps the best example of just how hot it is in parts of the Arctic Circle right now.The “warm season in Banak is short, lastingaround three m

15、onths, but thevery warmest day of the year, around July 23, is usuallyaround 62 degrees Fahrenheit（華氏度）about 30 degrees cooler than temperatures there now. Overall, temperatures in northern Europe are between 14 to 21 degrees Fahrenheit, -10 to -6 degrees Celsius above average.All-time temperature r

16、ecords were set in both Norway and Finland on July 30, including 86 degrees Fahrenheit, 30 degrees Celsius, in Cape Verde, near Banak, though extreme or near-record temperatures blanketedthe region.Persistent heat and dryness this summer have transformed normally green European countries into brown

17、and yellow lands, and the continents extreme heat is expected to persist.Andrew Derocher, a professor at the University of Alberta who studies polar bears, said climate change is shrinking the ice bears usually hunt on, making them faced with the danger of extinction.體裁：說明文 題材：環(huán)境與自然主題：氣候變暖對北極圈及北極熊的影

18、響【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，由于全球變暖的速度不斷加快，作為北極熊棲息地的北極圈現(xiàn)在也面臨著溫度升高的狀況。這樣的環(huán)境變化對于北極熊的生存是很大的威脅。. Which of the following words can replace the underlined word“scorched inParagraph 3?A Burned. B Achieved.C Scored. D Reached.答案與解析： A 考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段“ The Northern Hemisphere and Europe itself have been repeatedly scorched

19、by both reco rd and near-record temperatures. ” 可知，今年夏天，由于全球氣溫總體上升，北半球和歐洲自身不斷受到創(chuàng)紀錄和接近創(chuàng)紀錄氣溫的炙烤。因此，畫線詞的意思是“燒傷；燒焦”，故選 A 項。 What does the photo show according to the author?A Scandinavian folks like to swim in a river. Reindeer have adapted to the cold climate.C The ice there has totally been melted int

20、o water.D The temperature of the Arctic Circle now is high.答案與 解析 ： D 考 查細 節(jié)理解 。 根據(jù)第五段 “A photo of what appears to be Scandinavian folks taking a dip in a river. is in parts of the Arctic Circle right now.”可知，喜冷的食草動物在水里涼快，證明了北極圈開始變熱。因此，這張照片表明現(xiàn) 在北極圈的溫度很高，故選 D 項。 What can you learn from Professor Dero

21、chers words?A Maybe bears will die out in the near future.Climate change is threatening polar bears.C He is worried about the shrinking of the sea ice.D He advises people to do something to improve the condition.答案與解析： B 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段“Andrew Derocher. said climatechange is shrinking the ice bears us

22、ually hunt on, making them faced with the danger of extinction. ”可知，氣候變暖使得北極熊賴以生存的冰面減小，致使北極熊面臨滅絕的危險。因此，從德羅徹教授的話中可以得知氣候變化正威脅著北極熊 （ 的生命安全 ） ，故選 B 項。 Where may you find this article?A In a fashion magazine. B In a news report.C In a geography textbook. D In a travel handbook.答案與解析： B 考查推理判斷。 根據(jù)第一段“ The

23、 Arctic Circle the habitat of polar bears and decreasing sea ice at the top of the world hit 32 degrees Celsius lastweek.”可知，這篇文章是報道上周北極圈溫度達到32攝氏度的新聞。因此，本文不可能出現(xiàn)在時尚雜志、地理教科書或旅游手冊中，它最有可能出現(xiàn)在新聞報道中，故選 B 項。2019 山西六校第二次階段性測試 Sleeping in a noisy room isnt onlydistracting （使人分心的 ），and it can also harm your he

24、alth. Although researchers have known for decades that long-term loud noises can harm us, its only recently become recognized as a widespread issue.In a new review of previously published studies, researchers from Germany and Denmark took a look at the ways in which noises, such as an airplane passi

25、ng by or jackhammer digging in the ground, can affect our hearts. Perhaps the most obvious impact of a loud sound while you are sleeping is that it can wake you up. But, even if you dont remember hearing the noise or you dont physically get out of bed, it can disrupt you in ways you may not realize.

26、“Noise is not just causing annoyance, but it actually makes us sick,“said Dr. Thomas Mu nzel, a professor at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz. a Regardless of where the sound is coming from, if it gets louder than 60 decibels（分貝）,it can increase the risk of heart disease.”When our body hears thes

27、e noises, it reacts with a stress reaction. In this case, these sudden and unexpected noises cause hormones （荷爾蒙）to speed up andeventually damage the heart. Although the chance that a single noise will affect you is unlikely, its the constant exposure to the soundthat can eventually affect you.“But

28、our heart health isnt the only cause for concern. Long-term noise may also raise the risk of type 2 diabetes, depression, and anxiety disorders,“he warns. In the future, M u nzel plans to examine how noises from cars, planes, and other vehicles affect the brain. But despite the amount or the depth o

29、f research he conducts, itll take the help of politicians to improve the impact of noise on our health.aPoliticians have to take into account, in particular, the new findings ,” Mu nzel said.With respect to aircraft noise and airports, it is important to makenew laws and set new lower noise limits t

30、hat protect people living close by the airport instead of the owners of the airport. ” 體裁：說明文 題材：科學研究主題：噪聲的危害【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，講述了德國和丹麥的研究人員研究噪聲對人們健康產(chǎn)生的影響，呼吁政治家們關注噪聲污染并采取措施解決噪聲污染。What do researchers from Germany and Denmark find?Noise does little harm to people who are asleep.B Noise can cause peoples

31、memory to get worse sharply.C Noise has been a widespread concern for a long time.D Noise louder than 60 decibels may cause heart disease.答案與解析： D 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“ Regardless of where the sound is coming from, if it gets louder than 60 decibels （分貝 ）, it can increase the riskof heart disease ”可知，答案為 D項。 Which word can replace the underlined word“ disrupt ” in paragraph 2?A Defeat. B Harm.C Affect. D Discourage.答案與解析： B 考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的“ But, even if you dont rememberhearing the noise or you dont physically get out of bed, it can di