管理學(xué)專業(yè)英語chapter9ORGANIZATIONALDESIGN課件

1、CHAPTER 9ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN & LEARNINGOrganizational Design & LearningOrganizational StructureOrganizationalOrganiza-tional learning people documents competitionEnvironments Computer networkspublished informationReactions to DeclineDown sizingCore businessMergersAlliancesDifferent cultural respon

2、sesTextA Cos environments includeIts publics, suppliers, and distribution channelsINTRODUCTION (Continued)The Firm and Its PublicsGovernment PublicCitizen-Action PublicMedia PublicFinancial PublicGeneral PublicLocal PublicThe FirmReading 1#Building a Core Competence(continued)the implication of buil

3、ding a core competence;ways to build a core competence;ways of determining a core competence; whether it helps a company get into a wide variety of markets; whether it adds something important to the final product; should be difficult for competitors to imitate or copy; Core competenceProvide consum

4、er benefits Not easy for competitors to imitate Leveraged widely to many products and markets.Core competenceCore competenceThe Diversified Corporation有些公司的房子很好看，但地基不穩(wěn)，一有大風(fēng)就倒了. -馬云READING #2Knowledge is Everybodys Businessfeatures of a knowledge-creating company: not a specialized activity; the job

5、of everyone; workers ideas become a part of the new information; upper management to coordinate the ideas. READING #2 (CONTINUED)Benchmarking Unrelated businesses Senior Managers Middle Managers Workers R&D Past experience Sources of New Knowledge Sources of NewKnowledgeREADING #2 (CONTINUED)Now fil

6、l in the blanks with the appropriate word. Try not to repeat the same word. Sometimes, the appropriate word may not be on the list: learning company settingcrucialproductionmethodnew knowledge continuallycreategenerateoperatedistributedo researchinformationlevelproduceREADING #2 (CONTINUED)If a comp

7、any wants to be competitive, it must continually create new knowledge. This should happen at every level ,from the lowest to the highest. In other words, the productionof new knowledge is everybodys business. Teams provide a goodsetting for new ideas. They allow people to exchange ideas freely. Once

8、 new knowledge iscreated , it is crucial to distribute it to the rest of the company. READING #2 (CONTINUED)Spreading new knowledge is one of the roles of upper management. New knowledge is generated in many ways. Traditionally, a company has an R&D department that does research . But there are many

9、 other sources and many kinds of knowledge. These include new products and new methodsof producing them. In the future, every successful company will be a learning company. Its chief business will be producing new knowledge.KEY TO EXERCISESIntro. EXERCISE #2. What kinds of raw materials would you ne

10、ed to manufacture thefollowing products? Furniture: wood, metal, leather, plastic, glass Office equipment:wood, metal, leather, plastic, glass Cars and trucks:metal, rubber, glass, leather, glassCompany Core Competence Products Hondaelectronics maps-nav. systems,engine maintenance Toyotaelectronic d

11、isplaysystems maps-nav. systems,engine maintenanceCasioelectronicscalculators, monitors,Miniature TVs,car dashboards Canonoptics copiers, cameras,image scanners As you read, look for this information and fill in the blank boxes:EXERCISEEXERCISEEXERCISES TO READING # 1EXERCISES TO READING #2Knowledge

12、 is Everybodys Business If a company wants to be competitive, it must continually create new knowledge. This should happen at every level ,from the lowest to the highest. In other words, the productionof new knowledge is everybodys business. Teams provide a goodsetting for new ideas. EXERCISES TO RE

13、ADING #2Knowledge is Everybodys BusinessThey allow people to exchange ideas freely. Once new knowledge iscreated , it is crucial to distribute it to the rest of the company. Spreading new knowledge is one of the roles of upper management. New knowledge is generated in many ways. EXERCISES TO READING

14、 #2Knowledge is Everybodys BusinessTraditionally, a company has an R&D department that does research . But there are many other sources and many kinds of knowledge. These include new products and new methodsof producing them. In the future, every successful company will be a learning company. Its ch

15、ief businesswill be producing new knowledge. EXERCISES TO READING #2Knowledge is Everybodys BusinessTraditionally, a company has an R&D department that does research . But there are many other sources and many kinds of knowledge. These include new products and new methodsof producing them. In the fu

16、ture, every successful company will be a learning company. Its chief businesswill be producing new knowledge. WORDS & MEANINGS Classifying. Which topics do these words belong to? Put the word in the correct category:benchmarkingbest practices customer transportationfailuresmediapublicsretailerstorag

17、ebankssupplierswholesaler Normal Environments of Distribution Channel a company New Ideas storage media customers transportation banks benchmarking retailer suppliers best practices wholesaler failures WORD STUDY Put the right form of the word in the correct space: 1. relate (v), relationship (n), r

18、elated (v, adj)There are many relatedfactors that affect the development of an economy. Some of these relationships are obvious, such as therelationship between productivity and peoples health. In the same way, there are many factors that motivate workers on the job. WORD STUDYOne of these is how we

19、ll an employee relatesto his boss. The boss-employee relationship is the most important element in a workers satisfaction; even more than pay and other extrinsic factors. WORD STUDY2. employ (v), employment (n), employer (n), employe (n) Another word for a boss is an employer. Another word for a wor

20、ker is an employee . Another word for work is employment . When a company employs a worker, it gives him a salary and other benefits. In return, an employee tries to do a good job for the employer . Until recently, most companies in Japan gave their employees lifetime employment . However, with thei

21、r current economic problems, they no longer have such guarantees. In contrast, employees in the US expect to change jobs several times during their lifetime.WORD STUDY3. interview (v, n), interviewer (n), interviewe (n)When a person applies for a job, he usually has a job interview. The interview is

22、 usually conducted by a manager of the department that the interviewee is applying to. Or it may be done by somebody from the Human Resources Department. Either way, the interviewer normally asks the interviewee (the applicant) a series of standard questions about his life, his goals, why he wants t

23、o work for the company, etc. WORD STUDYWhen you are going for a job interview, it is important to prepare your answers beforehand. You should also prepare a series of questions to ask the interviewer. These questions should show that you are interested and that you know something about the company a

24、nd its problems. WORD STUDY4. an effect (n.), to effect, to affect, to be affected Remember: 1. an effect = a result2. to effect= to cause3. to affect= to have an effect (on)Many factors affect the modern corporation. These factors include new technologies and new ways of doing business. For example

25、, what effect will e-commerce have on peoples buying habits? Will multinationals effect major changes in local industries? Almost all aspects of business will be_ affected by computer technology. We do not always understand the effects_ of these changes. But we know that they will affect our busines

26、ses and our lives.WORD STUDYWords that Go Together. As we have seen, certain words appear with other words. Decide which words go with the following words. Choose them from the list below.Waste conduct deal withlose findtake meet solverejectdo spend make1.What do people do with time?They waste, take, spend time.2. What do people do with a problem?They solve, deal with a problem.3. What do people do with business?They conduct, do business.4. What do people do with demands?They make, reject demands.5. What do pe