語法過去分詞做補語課件

1、The Past Participles as the object complement（過去分詞做賓語補足語）Unit 2 Grammar第1頁，共33頁。寫出下列動詞的過去式和過去分詞第2頁，共33頁。choosecutpayflybringfindsellbeatbiterobholdrisechosencutpaidflownbroughtfoundsoldbeatenbittenrobbedheldrisenchosecutpaidflewbroughtfoundsoldbeatbitrobbedheldrose第3頁，共33頁。作賓語補足語的過去分詞與賓語之間的關(guān)系 及物動詞（短

2、語）的過去分詞用作賓語補足語時，賓語即是過去分詞的邏輯賓語，賓語和過去分詞之間存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系。例如：I want the letter posted. 我想把這封信寄出去。 第4頁，共33頁。2. 少數(shù)不及物動詞如 go, change, fall 等的過去分詞作賓語補足語時，僅表示動作完成。因此，賓語與過去分詞之間不存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系。例如： She found her necklace gone on her way home. 在回家的路上，她發(fā)現(xiàn)項鏈不見了。第5頁，共33頁。3. 動詞 seat, hide, dress 等的過去分詞作賓語補足語一般表示狀態(tài)而不表示被動的意義，

3、因此，雖然賓語與它們存在邏輯上的主動關(guān)系，但也只能用它們的過去分詞作賓語補足語。例如：When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner. 我進(jìn)來時，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生的女孩坐在角落里。第6頁，共33頁。使役動詞get ,have ,make, keep，leave等后，可用過去分詞做賓語補足語，表：“致使某人或某事被”We should keep them informed of what is going on here.Jane got her bad tooth _ out at the dentists.需用過去分詞作賓語

4、補足語的情況 pulled牙醫(yī)第7頁，共33頁。repairI had my recorder repaired. 仿寫sb have sth done修理第8頁，共33頁。He had his foot injured.injure受傷第9頁，共33頁。He got his leg injured.He got his glasses broken.He got his camera damaged.get sth done第10頁，共33頁。2 .感官動詞feel, find, hear,notice,see,watch等表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞之后，表：“感受到、發(fā)現(xiàn)、聽到、看到某人或某

5、事被做”。He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down.第11頁，共33頁。Fill in the blanks.I heard someone _me. I heard my name_. I found Tom _ the window.I found the window _callingcalledbreakbroken.callbreak第12頁，共33頁。I saw him _beatbeaten by his mother.mother第13頁，共33頁。I saw _bitehim bitten by a dog

6、.第14頁，共33頁。I saw_knock downhim knocked down by a car.第15頁，共33頁。I saw _robhim robbed by a man.第16頁，共33頁。I saw him _taken to the hospital.第17頁，共33頁。I saw him beaten by his mother.I saw him bitten by a dog.I saw him robbed by a man.I saw him knocked down by a car.I saw him taken to the hospital.read al

7、oud第18頁，共33頁。3. 表示“意欲；命令”的動詞如 ：like,order,want,wish,相當(dāng)于過去分詞短語前省略了to be ，表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做”I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as possible. 我希望能盡快把這些信件打出來。The father wants his daughter _ (teach) the piano. 這位父親想要找人教他女兒彈鋼琴。taught第19頁，共33頁。4.有時過去分詞作賓補可以變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，這時過去分詞改作主語補足語，說明主語所處的狀態(tài)We found the do

8、or broken. The door was found broken.She found her bag stolen when she woke up. Her bag was found stolen when she woke up.第20頁，共33頁。5.“with 賓語過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞用作介詞 with 的賓語補足語。這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。 例如：The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.兇手被帶進(jìn)來了，他的雙手被綁在背后。（表方式）第21頁，共33頁。W

9、ith water_ (heat), we can see the steam. 水一被加熱，我們就會看到水蒸氣。（表條件） With the matter_ (settle), we all went home.事情得到解決，我們都回家了。（表原因） heatedsettled第22頁，共33頁。注意：在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)賓語為某一身體部位，且作賓補的動詞是及物動詞時，身體部位通常是過去分詞的邏輯賓語，因而過去分詞不可換用現(xiàn)在分詞。 She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛注視著他（ fix one

10、s eyes on 為固定短語，因此，不可將句中 fixed 換為 fixing ） He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.他仍然舉著手站了一會兒?！皐ith 賓語過去分詞”第23頁，共33頁。當(dāng)用某些不及物動詞的分詞形式作身體部位的賓補時，用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。She felt her heart beating fast. 她覺得心跳很快。（beat 意為“心跳”，是不及物動詞） 第24頁，共33頁。6.過去分詞與不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補的區(qū)別:三者與賓語邏輯上都是主謂關(guān)系，但過去分詞強調(diào)他們之間的被動關(guān)系，不定式強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的全過

11、程，現(xiàn)在分詞強調(diào)他們之間的主動關(guān)系，正在進(jìn)行。第25頁，共33頁。(全過程) I saw her _ (come) into the classroom.I saw her _ (come) into the classroom.I saw her _ (take) out of the classroom.takencomecoming(正在進(jìn)行) 第26頁，共33頁。Exercise第27頁，共33頁。1. When I came back to my village ten years later, I found it completely _ (change).2. I want h

12、im _ (finish) the homework in time.3. My father had had the house _ (paint) before we moved in.4. The end of the story left me _ (puzzle).5. I turned around because I heard someone _ (speak) my hometown dialect.6. What he had said made me _ (surprise). changedto finishpaintedpuzzledspeak / speakings

13、urprised第28頁，共33頁。7. Tom, did you see anyone _ (go) out of the classroom? 8. They encouraged her _ (try) again. 9. The little girl felt someone _ (pat) her on the shoulder. 10. When we returned to the school, we found a stranger _ (stand) at the entrance. 11. The doctor warned him _ (not eat) food a

14、fter the operation. 12. I want you to keep me _ (inform) of how things are going with you. go / goingto trypatstandingnot to eatinformed第29頁，共33頁。1. 書一有貨，我就通知你。Ill keep you _ the the _book is available.2. 他醒來結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)他的汽車被偷了。He woke up _to find his car_.3. 在這個發(fā)達(dá)的國家里，你很少聽到有人講臟活。You seldom hear rude words

15、_ in this _ rmedmoment / instant/ minuteonly stolenspokendeveloped第30頁，共33頁。4. 他提高嗓音以便別人能夠聽見他。He raised his voice so as to _ himself_.5. 他匆忙離開家，留下很多事沒做。He left home in a hurry, _many things_.6. 回來時，他很驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)房間被徹底的打掃了，一切都布置得井井有條。On his return, he was very _to find his room thoroughly _and everything _in good order.makeheardleavingundonesurprised cleanedarranged第31頁，共33頁。7. 明天我將請人把門油漆一下。Ill _ my door _tomorrow.8. 人們正在熱烈討論我們希望能夠盡快實施的工程。The project we would like to see _out as soon as possible is under _discuss