非謂語之todo與ving講解課件

1、第1頁，共38頁。 冠詞的填空。該空比較簡單，一般不宜丟分。但是很多同學(xué)在填空時，容易因?yàn)楣潭ㄋ季S而丟分。比如有的同學(xué)認(rèn)為前邊如果提到某種事物，后邊再次出現(xiàn)時，一定用定冠詞the，事實(shí)上并不一定。如一篇關(guān)于火災(zāi)事故的文章中有這么兩句話 - his mother called the ambulance. Soon _ ambulance came and sent him to hospital.許多同學(xué)填了the ，事實(shí)上答案應(yīng)該為an，原因很簡單，就是因?yàn)榫茸o(hù)車是不特定的，母親在電話里斷斷不會要求醫(yī)院派輛車牌號為諸如粵B88888之類的車。請注意，填空必須重視上下文。單純某一句話答案可能有

2、好幾個，但上下文一定有一個最準(zhǔn)確，最能將文章連接好。 第2頁，共38頁。In five of them, the rate at which fish are being taken out of the sea has dropped to a level that should let the populations recover.這句話的主語是rate，句型應(yīng)該是the rate (at which ) has dropped to a level, “has dropped to” 是謂語動詞，后面的a level就是to的賓語，that引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，修飾level。at whi

3、ch引導(dǎo)的也是定語從句，修飾rate這其中的五個，魚被從海洋打撈的比率/達(dá)到要讓人們予以調(diào)整恢復(fù)的程度。19期 語法填空第3頁，共38頁。Find out the mistakes in each following sentence and correct them.She going to school every day.People in order to make profits cut down trees.I gone to the hospital to visit him.He lay in bed, read a book.The teacher came into the

4、 classroom held a book in his hand.第4頁，共38頁。She goes to school every day.People cut down trees in order to make profits .I went to the hospital to visit him.He lay in bed, reading a book.The teacher came into the classroom holding a book in his hand.19期B2版 非謂語動詞（一）（知識歸納-2.不定式的用法）第5頁，共38頁。Fill in the

5、 blanks1. It is very hard _ (finish) the work in ten minutes.2. Marx found _ important _ (study) the situation in Russia.3. He did nothing last Sunday but _(repair) his bike.4. I have no choice but _ (stay) here.5. He was seen _ (cross) the road.6. He was the first person _ (land) on the moon.7.他是最適

6、合做這個工作的人。He is the most suitable man to do the job(或for the job).8. I will attend the meeting _ (hold) tomorrow.= I will attend the meeting which will be held tomorrow.= I will attend the meeting which is to be held tomorrow.第6頁，共38頁。9. 我旅行的計(jì)劃落空了。My plan to travel came to naught (零) at last.總結(jié)：不定式作定

7、語可以：表將來修飾：序數(shù)詞、最高級，the last, the only，the next 等詞修飾的名詞修飾：plan. desire, wish, chance, promise, attempt, ability, right(權(quán)利) ， time等名詞10. 他匆忙趕到學(xué)校不料卻發(fā)現(xiàn)一個人也沒有。He hurried to school only to find nobody there. (only) to do 不定式作結(jié)果狀語，表示意料之外的結(jié)果。第7頁，共38頁。一. 不定式（1）做主語 1. 眼見為實(shí)。 2. 買那臺二手洗衣機(jī)不是一個明智的選擇。（2）做賓語 3. 他買不起一

8、輛小車。 4. 她最終答應(yīng)借錢給我，但是想我盡快還給她。我承諾一有錢就會還她的。第8頁，共38頁。1. To see is to believe.2. Its an unwise choice to purchase the second-hand washing machine.3. He cant afford to buy a car.4. She eventually agreed to lend me the money, but wanted me to pay her back as soon as possible. And I promised to do that as l

9、ong as I have money.第9頁，共38頁。（3）做賓補(bǔ)5. - 你想我?guī)湍阕鲂┦裁茨兀?- 我寧愿你離我遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)。6. 經(jīng)理命令他的秘書馬上來見他。7. 是誰弄哭這個嬰兒的？8. 夏天經(jīng)常見到他去游泳。（被動）（4）做定語9. 你有沒有吃的東西，餓死我了。10. 他總是第一個來，最后一個走。第10頁，共38頁。5. -What would you like me to do? -I prefer you to stay away from me. -I would rather you kept away from me.6. The manager ordered the se

10、cretary to see him in no time.7. Who made the baby cry?8. He is often seen to go swimming in summer.第11頁，共38頁。9. Have you got / Do you have anything to eat? Im starving.10. He is always the first to come and the last to leave.第12頁，共38頁。 （5）做狀語（目的、結(jié)果或原因）11. 我全力以赴學(xué)習(xí)為了取得更大的進(jìn)步。12. 那個害怕的小女孩躲了起來為了不讓人家抓起來。

11、13. 他搬起石頭想不到卻砸傷了自己的腳。 (only to do)14. 她太虛弱了，照顧不了自己。15. 看到他回來我們都很高興.第13頁，共38頁。11. I take great pains to study so as to make greater / further progress. 12. The terrified / frightened girl hid (away) in order not to be caught.13. He lifted the rock only to hurt / injure his feet.14. She is too weak to

12、 care for herself.15. We are glad to see his coming back.第14頁，共38頁。（6）做表語16. 他的理想是長大了當(dāng)牙醫(yī)。17. 我的責(zé)任是把你們教好。 16. His ideal / dream / goal is to be a dentist when he grows up . 17. My job / duty / task / responsibility is to teach you well.第15頁，共38頁。不定式的形式1. 請記得幫我寄那封信。2. 今晚六點(diǎn)半你們應(yīng)該在讀書。 (be supposed to do)

13、3. 聽說他曾經(jīng)吸過毒。4. 這個任務(wù)很快就要開展了。5. 報(bào)道說，最近很多人給打劫。6. 他不知道下一步做什么好。7. 怎么樣去解決這個棘手的問題到現(xiàn)在還是一個謎。8.當(dāng)爸爸走進(jìn)書房的時候，我假裝在認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)。第16頁，共38頁。不定式的形式1. Please remember to post the letter for me. 2. You are supposed to be reading at half past six this evening.3. He is said to have taken drugs.Or: It is said that he has taken dr

14、ugs.4. The task is to be carried out.第17頁，共38頁。5. Many people are reported to have been robbed. Or: It is reported that many people have been robbed.6. He had no idea what to do next.7. How to find a solution to the tough problem is still a mystery.8. When my father walked into the study, I pretende

15、d to be studying attentively / carefully.第18頁，共38頁。動名詞可以受到名詞所有格的修飾，例如：1. Mary的撒謊使得在場的人都很吃驚.Marys telling lies made all the people present angry.2. 我堅(jiān)持她和我一起去.I insisted on her going together with me.3. 老板原諒了他的遲到.The boss forgave his coming / being late. = The boss forgave him for his coming / being l

16、ate. 4.你介意我開窗嗎? Do you mind me / my opening the window?第19頁，共38頁。動名詞還有被動式，例如：5. He doesnt mind being left alone.6. She came here without being invited.7. The stranger helped me out without being asked.第20頁，共38頁。第21頁，共38頁。第22頁，共38頁。V-ing形式主動式被動式一般式doingbe doing完成式having donehaving been done第23頁，共38頁。

17、動名詞的翻譯練習(xí)。1. 上重點(diǎn)大學(xué)并非是一個遙遠(yuǎn)的夢想。2. 你介意把收音機(jī)開小一點(diǎn)嗎？我靜不下心來學(xué)習(xí)。3. 我無法忍受他那樣對待他的父母。(bear)4. 他的遲到令老師很生氣。5. 聽到這個笑話，我們都忍俊不禁。第24頁，共38頁。1. 上重點(diǎn)大學(xué)并非是一個遙遠(yuǎn)的夢想。Going to a key university is not a distant dream.2. 你介意把收音機(jī)開小一點(diǎn)嗎？我靜不下心來學(xué)習(xí)。Do you mind turning down the radio? I cant concentrate on my study.3. 我無法忍受他那樣對待他的父母。(be

18、ar)I cant bear / stand / tolerate his treating his parents like that. 第25頁，共38頁。4. 他的遲到令老師很生氣。His coming late made the teacher angry.5. 聽到這個笑話，我們都忍俊不禁。On hearing the amusing joke, we couldnt help laughing / bursting out laughter.第26頁，共38頁。6. 道歉是沒有用的。(It is)7. 跟她談那么多是沒有好處的，因?yàn)槲矣X得她不可靠。8. 我期待著收到你的來信。9.

19、他有很多缺點(diǎn)，其中賭博是最嚴(yán)重的。10. 我反對在公共場所吸煙，有害健康。第27頁，共38頁。6. 道歉是沒有用的。(It is) It is no use making an apology.7. 跟她談那么多是沒有好處的，因?yàn)槲矣X得她不可靠。It is no good talking so much with her for I dont think she is reliable. 8. 我期待著收到你的來信。I look forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.第28頁，共38頁。9. 他有很多缺點(diǎn)，其中賭博是最嚴(yán)重的。He ha

20、s quite a few shortcomings, of which the most serious is gambling. 10. 我反對在公共場所吸煙，有害健康 I object to smoking in public, which is greatly harmful to health. 第29頁，共38頁。11. 我將永遠(yuǎn)忘不了第一次被帶去動物園的事. I will never forget being taken to the zoo for the first time.12. 沒有人喜歡在公共場合被嘲笑.Nobody enjoys being made fun of

21、in public.13. 她在閱覽室里學(xué)習(xí).She is studying in the reading room.第30頁，共38頁?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語有時候可以等于一個定語從句.1. 正在書房里看書的那個人是我的父親. The man reading in the study is my father.= The man who is reading in the study is my father.2. 坐在窗戶邊上的那個男孩是Tom. The boy sitting by the window is Tom.= The boy who is sitting by the window

22、is Tom.第31頁，共38頁。用非謂語動詞翻譯以下的文段。 我喜歡游泳。昨天做完了功課后，我弟弟建議/ 堅(jiān)持我們?nèi)ビ斡荆改竿馕覀兊恼埱?，但是禁?forbid)我們?nèi)ド钏斡荆驗(yàn)槟菢訒爸鴨噬奈ｋU(xiǎn)的(risk)。我們高興地出發(fā)，有說有笑。到了河邊，我們迫不及待地跳了進(jìn)去，忘記了脫衣服。在河里游了一個半小時后(spend / take)，我們就開始動身回家。我們期望著/夢想著將來成為一名跳水運(yùn)動員。第32頁，共38頁。 I am fond of swimming. After finishing our homework yesterday, my younger brother s

23、uggested / insisted on going swimming. My parents allowed us to go swimming but forbad us to swim in deep water because we would risk losing our lives in that case. Then we set out merrily, talking and laughing. Arriving at the river, we couldnt wait to jump into the river, forgetting to take off ou

24、r clothes. After spending / Having spent one hour and a half swimming, we set off for home. We both dream of / look forward to being a diver in the future.第33頁，共38頁。I asked him a question related to his lecture.= I asked him a question (which was ) related to his lecture.我問了他一個與他的講演有關(guān)的問題。relate A to/with B 將（兩事物）聯(lián)系起來 ;把A和B聯(lián)系起來 be related to (與.有關(guān), 和.有聯(lián)系, 和.有親戚關(guān)系)第34頁，共38頁。過去分詞作狀語表示被動的和/或完成的動作.有些過去分詞不表被動而表狀態(tài).這樣的過去分詞及短語常見的有:lost(迷路);seated(坐);hidden(躲);statio