齊魯醫(yī)學(xué)大腦未解之謎

1、 人類身體上的很多難解之謎存在于我們的大腦中。大腦是一個(gè)讓人迷惑的器官，就像生和死、意識(shí)、睡眠和其他更多的東西，都是人類至今也沒有解開的謎團(tuán)。 夢(mèng)境 睡覺 幻覺 意識(shí) 任務(wù)控制 記憶途徑取悅大腦 死亡之謎 人體冷凍 天生與營養(yǎng)大腦十大未解之謎The brain ten big mystery 12021/7/27 星期二 人類身體上的很多難解之謎存在于我們的大腦中。大腦是一個(gè)讓人迷惑的器官，就像生和死、意識(shí)、睡眠和其他更多的東西，都是人類至今也沒有解開的謎團(tuán)。 夢(mèng)境 睡覺 幻覺 意識(shí) 任務(wù)控制 記憶途徑取悅大腦 死亡之謎 人體冷凍 天生與營養(yǎng)大腦十大未解之謎The brain ten big

2、mystery 22021/7/27 星期二夢(mèng)境 dreams 目前科學(xué)家還沒有揭開這個(gè)謎底。一種可能是：做夢(mèng)過程中通過刺激大腦分子間的信息神經(jīng)鍵大腦進(jìn)行鍛煉。另一種理論是，人們夢(mèng)到白天不能顧及的任務(wù)和情感，這個(gè)過程可以幫助人們鞏固思想和記憶。一般而言，夢(mèng)境會(huì)在淺睡時(shí)發(fā)生。At present, scientists have not yet opened the mystery. One may be: dreaming in the process by stimulating the information between the brain molecules of the brain

3、 to exercise nerve. Another theory is that people dream of tasks and emotions that cant be taken into account during the day. This process can help people to consolidate thoughts and memories. In general, dreams will occur when the light is asleep.32021/7/27 星期二睡覺sleep人的一生要花費(fèi)四分之一的時(shí)間睡覺。然而，睡覺的根本原因仍然像天

4、馬行空的夢(mèng)境一樣讓人迷惑不解。長期失眠能導(dǎo)致精神恍惚、幻覺，并最終引起死亡。睡眠的兩種狀態(tài)深睡期(眼球活動(dòng)減慢)，此時(shí)腦部代謝活動(dòng)放慢；淺睡期(此時(shí)會(huì)做夢(mèng))，這一時(shí)期大腦活動(dòng)活躍。某些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為深睡期睡眠能讓身體休息，保存精力，就像動(dòng)物冬眠一樣。Ones life will take 1/4 of the time to sleep. However, the fundamental reason is still sleeping like a powerful and unconstrained style dreams like people very much puzzled. Lon

5、g term insomnia can lead to trance, hallucinations, and ultimately cause death. Sleep of the two state - deep sleep (eye activity slowed), at this time the brain metabolic activity slowed; shallow sleep period (at this time will dream), this period of active brain activity. Some scientists think tha

6、t deep sleep can make the body rest, save energy, just as animals sleep. 42021/7/27 星期二幻覺hallucination是一種虛幻的表象，本來并不存在的某種事物，病人卻感知它的存在。正常人偶爾也可出現(xiàn)幻覺，比如在焦慮地等待某人到來時(shí)，忽然聽到敲門聲，實(shí)際卻沒有人來。這種幻聽的出現(xiàn)與期待的心理有密切關(guān)系，此外在受到突然強(qiáng)烈的刺激下亦可出現(xiàn)幻覺。正常人在殷切盼望、強(qiáng)烈期待、高度緊張情緒影響下，也可出現(xiàn)某種片斷而瞬逝的幻覺，如一個(gè)母親突然失去兒子，悲痛萬分，有時(shí)幻聽到兒子在同她講話等等。這種幻覺往往持續(xù)時(shí)間不會(huì)太長，

7、隨著心情的好轉(zhuǎn)，適當(dāng)?shù)闹委煟銜?huì)痊愈。Is a kind of illusory image, there is no one thing, the patient is aware of its existence. An occasional illusion, such as waiting for someone to come, suddenly heard a knock on the door, but no one came. There is a close relationship between the auditory and psychological expecta

8、tions, in addition under the sudden intense stimulation or hallucinations. In normal people anxious, strong expectations, highly intense emotional impact, also can appear some fragments and evanescent illusion, as a mother suddenly lost son, grief, sometimes heard talking with her son in magic and s

9、o on. This illusion is often not too long, with the mood for the better, the appropriate treatment will be cured.幻覺具有兩個(gè)主要特點(diǎn)：第一、幻覺是一種感受，由于缺乏相應(yīng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)刺激，所以客觀檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果證明這種感受是虛幻的，但就患者自身體驗(yàn)而言，卻并不感到虛幻。第二，雖然幻覺源于主觀體驗(yàn)，沒有客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)根源，但某些患者堅(jiān)信其感受來自客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。The illusion has two main characteristics: first, the illusion is a kind of

10、 feeling, because of the lack of the corresponding real stimulation, so the objective test results prove that this feeling is illusory, but the patients own experience, but did not feel unreal. Second, although the illusion is derived from the subjective experience, there is no objective reality, bu

11、t some patients believe that their feelings from the objective reality.52021/7/27 星期二幻覺可分為真性幻覺、假性幻覺和殘留性幻覺三類。真性幻覺時(shí)，大腦皮層感受區(qū)的自發(fā)性興奮使以往映象活躍化而重現(xiàn)出來，此即表象。由于表象特別強(qiáng)烈，鮮明、生動(dòng)、詳盡而投射到外部客觀世界。投射是指當(dāng)表象活化的強(qiáng)度大到與現(xiàn)實(shí)刺激產(chǎn)生映象的同樣程度時(shí)，在人的意識(shí)中就無法與現(xiàn)實(shí)刺激映象相區(qū)別，而是按照生活慣例習(xí)以為常地認(rèn)為它是來自客觀空間，所以這是一種自然而然的向外投射過程。Can be divided into true hallucina

12、tion, illusion and hallucination pseudohallucination residue three. True hallucination, the cerebral cortex excitatory spontaneous feelings in the past and reproduce the active image, the image. Because of the image is particularly strong, bright, vivid, detailed and “projection” to the outside worl

13、d. “Projection” refers to when the activation intensity representation to the same degree and reality stimulates the production of mappings, in peoples consciousness and reality cannot image stimulation phase difference, but according to the routine always think it is from the objective space, so th

14、is is a natural process that projected outward. 幻覺hallucination62021/7/27 星期二意識(shí)consciousness清晨一覺醒來，你可能就已經(jīng)意識(shí)到太陽剛剛升起，聽到一些鳥兒在枝頭歡快的鳴叫，甚至清新的空氣輕拂你的面頰，你會(huì)感到一有幸福感。換句話說，你是有意識(shí)的。這個(gè)復(fù)雜的話題從一開始就困擾著科學(xué)界。最近，神經(jīng)學(xué)家才把意識(shí)作為一門現(xiàn)實(shí)的研究課題。In the early morning wake up, you may have been aware of the sun just rising, hear some bird

15、s chirping, and even fresh air blowing your cheeks, you will feel a sense of happiness. In other words, you are conscious. The complexity of the topic from the beginning to haunt the scientific community. Recently, neuroscientists to consciousness as a realistic research topic.72021/7/27 星期二任務(wù)控制Task

16、 control大腦丘腦下部的下丘腦視交叉上核或生物鐘保持身體隨著24小時(shí)的節(jié)奏運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。生理節(jié)奏引起的一個(gè)最明顯的結(jié)果是：睡眠-醒來的循環(huán)，但是生物鐘還影響著消化力、體溫、血壓和激素的產(chǎn)生。最近人們不斷爭論，是否可以通過補(bǔ)充褪黑激素來幫助人們預(yù)防飛機(jī)時(shí)差昏昏欲睡和飛機(jī)通過時(shí)區(qū)時(shí)產(chǎn)生的頭痛感。To keep the body in the lower part of the brain, the hypothalamus, or the biological clock, to keep the body running for 24 hours. One of the most obvious

17、results of the circadian rhythm is the cycle of sleep wake cycle, but the biological clock also affects the production of digestive, body temperature, blood pressure, and hormones. Recently, people have been debating whether or not they can help people with melatonin to help prevent jet lag - a feel

18、ing of drowsiness and a sense of headache in time zones.82021/7/27 星期二記憶途徑Memory approach人生的某些經(jīng)歷很難忘卻，科學(xué)家利用大腦成像技術(shù)設(shè)法弄清楚創(chuàng)造記憶和儲(chǔ)存記憶的機(jī)械反映。發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦灰質(zhì)內(nèi)部的海馬體能充當(dāng)記憶儲(chǔ)存箱的功能。但是這個(gè)儲(chǔ)存區(qū)域的分辨能力并不強(qiáng)。對(duì)相同的大腦區(qū)域的刺激，可以讓它產(chǎn)生真實(shí)的和虛假的記憶。為了把真實(shí)記憶從虛假記憶中脫離出來，研究人員提出根據(jù)背景回憶以加強(qiáng)記憶的方法，如果某些事情沒有真正發(fā)生過，就很難通過這種方法加強(qiáng)人腦對(duì)它的記憶。Some of the experiences of

19、life are unforgettable, but scientists have used brain imaging techniques to try to make it clear the mechanical reflection of creating and storing memories. The hippocampus, which is found in the gray matter of the brain, acts as a function of the memory storage box. But the ability to distinguish

20、the storage area is not strong. Stimulation of the same region of the brain can make it true and false memories. In order to get the real memory from a false memory, the researchers put forward according to the background of memory method to enhance memory, if something really happened, it is diffic

21、ult to strengthen the memory of it by the method of the human brain.92021/7/27 星期二取悅大腦Pleasing the brain科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)人們開懷大笑時(shí)，大腦內(nèi)部有三個(gè)部位變的活躍起來，它們是：管轄思維的區(qū)域，它讓你獲得笑料；運(yùn)動(dòng)區(qū)域促使你的肌肉運(yùn)動(dòng)；情感區(qū)域引出“輕佻的”情緒，但是為什么某人會(huì)因兄弟愚蠢的笑話而發(fā)笑，而另一些人會(huì)在看恐怖影片時(shí)咯咯大笑。笑聲是對(duì)違反常規(guī)的不協(xié)調(diào)的故事的一個(gè)十分有趣的反映。笑讓我們感覺更好。The scientists found that when people laugh,

22、there are three parts of the brain become active, they are thinking of the regional jurisdiction, it lets you get the joke; motion region prompted your muscle movement; emotional regions leads to frivolous mood, but why someone would do that because the brothers stupid jokes and laugh, and some peop

23、le will be in a horror film when laughing. Another point of view in the field of humor is a way to make a signal that is fun to other people. Smiling makes us feel better.102021/7/27 星期二死亡之謎The Mystery of Death我們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)變老？人的老化被分成兩個(gè)種類的學(xué)說：（1)像人類的其他特征，變老可能是人類遺傳學(xué)的一部分，并且從某些方面來說對(duì)人類有益。（2)以最不樂觀的觀點(diǎn)來看，變老不是有意圖的，人

24、的一生中細(xì)胞不斷受到損害從而引起人體老化。大量研究人員認(rèn)為，科學(xué)將最終推遲變老速度，使人類壽命至少可以達(dá)到預(yù)期生命期限的兩倍。Why do we grow old? Human aging is divided into two kinds of theories: (1) as other features of human beings, aging may be a part of human genetics, and in some ways beneficial to human beings. (2) to the most optimistic point of view, t

25、he old is not the intention of peoples life, the cells continue to be damaged to cause the bodys aging. A large number of researchers believe that science will eventually delay the aging of the speed, so that human life can be reached at least two times the expected life time.112021/7/27 星期二人體冷凍Huma

26、n frozen要求長命百歲可能并不現(xiàn)實(shí)。但是一個(gè)被稱作人體冷凍學(xué)的新領(lǐng)域?qū)?huì)讓某些人死而復(fù)生。在充滿液態(tài)氮并且溫度為華氏零下320度(78絕對(duì)溫度)的刺骨的容器中儲(chǔ)藏死者的遺體。這個(gè)想法的目的是，死于目前無法治愈的疾病的人在將來發(fā)現(xiàn)治愈方法后可以通過解凍讓他們死而復(fù)生。Longevity requirements may not be realistic. But a called cryonics new field will make some people back from the dead. The remains of the dead are stored in a bitte

27、r container filled with liquid nitrogen and the temperature is 320 degrees Fahrenheit (78 absolute). The idea is to die, at present incurable disease found in the future when a cure could be thawed and revived.122021/7/27 星期二天生與營養(yǎng)Nature and nutrition我們的思想和個(gè)性是否是由基因或環(huán)境控制的問題，長期以來一直爭論不休?？茖W(xué)家建立了一個(gè)讓人信服的證據(jù)體

28、系，證明它可能是受其中之一控制或者是由兩方面同時(shí)控制。研究個(gè)體基因的能力顯示出我們對(duì)很多人類特性無法控制，然而在很多領(lǐng)域，同輩人面對(duì)的壓力或接受的教育會(huì)對(duì)我們是什么樣的人以及我們將做什么產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響。Whether our thoughts and personality are controlled by genes or environmental issues has long been debated. Scientists have established a convincing system of evidence that it may be controlled by one

29、 of them or that it is controlled in two ways. The ability to study individual genes shows that we cannot control for many human characteristics, but in many areas, peers face pressure or education on what kind of person we are and what we do will have a profound impact.132021/7/27 星期二謝謝觀賞Thank you!

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36、zh/ganz/gua/guan/guig/guil/guyu/haid/hanz/hega/hen/heng/heze/hezh/huai/huaib/huain/huan/huans/hulu/jia/jiax/jiey/jin/jinc/jind/jing/jinh/jini/jinz/jiuq/jixi/kaif/kbn/kdnl/kela/kndx/ksmk/kzhd/js/zj/180609/6318773.html/js/zj/180609/6318763.html/wd/qt/180611/6323151.html/wd/qt/180611/6322781.html/nmg/w

37、hyy/180611/6322764.html/nmg/whyy/180611/6322748.html/nmg/hhht/180611/6322732.html/nmg/hhht/180611/6322705.html/nmg/hlbe/180612/6325805.html/nmg/hlbe/180612/6325814.html/nmg/hlbe/180612/6325829.html/nmg/hlbe/180612/6325849.html/nmg/eeds/180612/6325885.html/nmg/eeds/180612/6325905.html/by/180613/63285

38、87.html/sd/lw/180613/6328688.html/sd/lw/180613/6328732.html/sd/lw/180613/6328744.html/sd/lw/180613/6328753.html/sd/lw/180613/6328760.html/sd/rz/180613/6328789.html/sd/rz/180613/6328801.html/sd/rz/180613/6328811.html/hbdx/hg/180614/6331523.html/hbdx/hg/180614/6331535.html/hbdx/hg/180614/6331543.html/hbdx/hg/1806